 प्राइस दिस्क्रिमिनेशन प्राइस दिस्क्रिमिनेशन is basically a situation where a seller can charge different price from different buyers जो आपके पासे एक मनोपलिस्त होता है, it can increase its revenue and profit by charging different price from different buyers के बाई केरिंगाओड प्राइस दिस्क्रिमिनेशन, अमनोपलिस्त can increase its revenue अमनोपलिस्त can increase its profit जब आप प्राइस दिस्क्रिमिनेशन के बाई करते हो, तो आप बाई बाई करते है, there are different kinds of the price discrimination लेकिन अभी हम जहांपे क्या अजीम करते हैं, के to carry out the conditions of price discrimination, there are two separate markets वे different price elasticity of demand, के to carry out price discrimination, we need two markets मेरी अजम्शन यहांपे क्या है, के there are two markets and in both in two markets, elasticity of demand for the output that is being produced by the seller वो क्या है, is different. और फिर एक होर भी है, के both markets are effectively separated from each other के वहां प्यासा नहीं हो सकता, कोई जिस मारकिर में सस्ती अईटम आब बेजत्रे है, वहां से लेके, उसको मेंगी मारकिर में जाके बेजते. को अब अन ना चीच़ी लिए किक भी वेगे ऎआब दिस्टना के वेष्ट कोई मेंगी में गी गे से अज़ाएक का बाचनूद है, श्टीश के नहीं हैक लगा है, तो के और वह दिस्टना दिस्टना दिस कोई बवा प्चटूथ, कोई तुब रहाँ more than cost and cost is less elastic as compared to market where demand is elastic. Sel his agricultural output ू ौ one of the demand for organic vegetables ौ one market demand for organic vegetables ौ is inelastic and the demand for organic vegetables ौ is relatively elastic ौ ौ to understand that ौ to say that ौ we have produced ौ three figures ौ in figure one ौ we have the demand for organic vegetable in market one report कर रहीं In figure two, D2 curve denotes demand for organic vegetables in market two अंजगर में दोनो demand curve काई comparison करु In market one demand for organic vegetables is inelastic while in second market it is relatively elastic और figure three क्या है In figure three we are reporting the aggregated demand अप मैर्ट लिह में आप मरडनेन, यbereich मैं लिक लिह से fell आप मैरट लिह मैं और और आप मैरट मैंगौस करु लिह मैंन मह öldरे। kann Rather be released as far as you know from market 1 ये नहीं फभी ऍर डींबME bol बोत मर्ट मीर्टीस सि एक में परजां लिह में, मरट उन्गी शिपह Kingdom ofochokaSceng तर्वाह्ट �епर्टीगाद ती एक सकढ़ादना tena जब आप हैगाधेगाद देखाद ती जब तर्वाह्टाद जब जब जब नहींदे की पडिते हैंगि जब फर्डदे है M R 2 is moving towards the margin revenue & in market 2 that former is getting against different levels of output In figure theory we are reporting here, integrated margin revenue & these aggregated margin revenue is obtained by adding up of margin revenue for market 1 & margin revenue for market 2 combatant farmer, how much level of output he is selling for the determination of that level of output we have determined the equilibrium quantity here by equating marginal cost with aggregated marginal revenue what has indicated to me that farmer can maximize its profit by producing 2 1 plus 2 2 level of output now the 2 1 plus 2 2 level of output farmer will distribute this level of output in the 2 markets but that aspect will distribute so that profit will be maximized and this profit will be maximized if he distributes its level of output this level of output in 2 market in such a way that the market in which they sell out their output their marginal revenue against the last will be sold in the market will be equal and the marginal revenue equal where will it be if farmer is producing E which I have drawn a horizontal line in which I am writing E it basically reports the equal value of marginal revenue against different levels of output we can observe this equal level of marginal revenue against 2 1 quantity in market 1 this equal level of marginal revenue can be observed in market 1 against 2 2 level of output in market 2 in market 1 against 2 1 level of output farmer can charge a price is equal to p 1 and this is the base parameter of the price that against the equilibrium quantity what is the what is the price that farmer can charge and in the 2nd market what the farmer will charge against q 2 quantity he will charge a price is equal to p 2 if we compare these prices then in market 1 farmer is charging a higher price and selling lower level of output as compared to the output that the farmer is selling in market 2 in market 2 farmer relatively larger level of output is producing but the price is charging less as compared to market 1 but by charging these 2 different prices into 2 markets having different elasticity of demand for farmer's output farmer can maximize his profit but if we talk here if we assume farmer is operating under perfectly competitive market then in that situation what is the base parameter of the output that the marginal cost curve this is the aggregated marginal cost curve and this aggregated marginal cost curve denotes the supply of supply of the farmer in market and the downward sloping curve D denotes the demand for output in the market perfectly competitive market you have we determine the price and quantity on the basis of market demand and market supply MC curve here denotes the market supply and D curve denotes the market demand so what will the price charge for farmer market price will be PC and equilibrium quantity will be QC can perfectly competitive market relatively higher quantity of output will be sold in the market and the price will be relatively less price is charged as compared to the price is that farmer can charge under QC competition then to elaborate suppose we talk about agricultural output so agricultural output depends on the on the climatic conditions it might be possible because of unfavorable weather there might be possible less quantity produced of vegetables or less quantity of vegetables produce so then what to do to farmer again he has to distribute this quantity of vegetables in both market but how will he do it that the margin of revenue against each unit that the farmer is selling in the market those margin of revenue are equal in both market if instead of it is not possible farmer is not producing a level of output Q1 plus Q2 because of climatic adverse conditions level of output what is produced dq1 plus dq2 now this level of output now this level of output farmer has to distribute this level of output in two markets again how will he do it by equating margin of revenue that the farmer is getting by selling output in both markets by selling dq2 quantity by selling dq2 quantity in second market and dq1 quantity in market 1 in level of output what is it margin of revenue that the farmer is getting from both markets are equal and price which he will charge in market 1 that is equal to dp1 and in market 2 he will charge dp2 that the optimal level of output if everything is fine then you can say q1 plus q2 level of output would be distributed in both markets but because level of agriculture output is not under the control of the farmer because of certain other climatic factors so if that supply will be less distributed there is less quantity supply that less quantity in both markets to maximize his profit in all this we have found out that monopolist produces a level of output where aggregate margin of revenue intersects the marginal cost curve total revenue in monopoly is greater than the revenue that a producer is getting under competitive market under competitive market what will happen if we comparison between monopoly and competitive market level of output large quantity is sold in competitive market and lower price is charged as compared to when a farmer operates under monopoly the output that is produced under monopoly it is less than the output that a farmer produces under competitive market price which is charged in monopoly it is price charged by the monopolist will be higher than the price that the firm can charge under perfectly competitive market