 Aloha, I am Nath Buon Thang Sang Seng from Hawaii Natural Energy Institute, the University of Hawaii. In this video clip, I will briefly present our practice research in the title of microbial synthesis of polyhidoxybutyrate from glycerol, focusing on gluconeosynthesis, monogravide, and the material property. As we all know, the petroleum-based practice caused many environmental problems. Therefore, biobased plastics can be served at the next generation materials to replace the conventional plastics, since they can be produced from renewable resources and have complete biodegradability in the environment. Polyhydroxybutyrate, or PSB, is a biodegradable polymer containing ester monomer unit and can be produced from renewable carbon sources for bacterial storage. PSB is also a thermoplastics and biocompatible material with desirable physical properties. Selection of the suitable carbon source in biosynthesis is one of the most important factors that can reduce the cost of PSB production. Glycerol as a by-product of the biodecell production is considered as an inexpensive carbon source for the biobased materials. So, producing PSB bioplastics from cruise glycerol should be a competitive way for recycling the waste stream and reducing the high production cost of the PSB. Normally, PSB production from glycerol has low yield and low productivity when compared to the PSB production from glucose. In this work, we study the cost of limitation in PSB production from glycerol in the high cell density phase path bioreactor. Since glycerol is a non-fermentative substrate, we suspect that there are alternative products during the synthesis. So, we can identify the metabolic intermediates released from the cells and accumulate in the culture medium during the cell growth by NMR spectroscopy. And we found that the bacterial cells can synthesize glucose from glycerol and the glucose increased with cultivation time in the higher cell density fermentation. So, we can indicate that some of the glycerol were utilized for gluconeogenesis pathway and the glucose waste was released in the culture medium. Here, we show an influence of the gluconeogenesis on the cell mass reduction and biopolymer productivity. Under physiological stress, such as nutrient limitation during PSB biosynthesis, the glucose were released without utilization and result in a lower cell growth rate and a lower yield. So, we can conclude that for the glycerol utilization, gluconeogenesis is a crucial part for the main metabolic pathway to provide sugars for biosynthesis of the cellular components. However, it causes lower efficiency of the cell mass and PSB. Then, after we did the material characterization, the molecular weight of the PSB-formed glycerol is lower than from the PSB-formed glucose. However, PSB-formed glycerol has similar physical properties to the PSB-formed glucose. Therefore, the glycerol PSB could be considered to apply for the industrial production.