 hello everyone welcome back to another session in dentistry and more so we are continuing our dental anatomy sessions so last two sessions was about maxillary central and lateral incisor next we have maxillary canine so canines as we all know they're very long and stable teeth there are four canines that is two maxillary and two mandibular canines so now we are focusing only on maxillary canine so next video will be about the mandibular canine because many features are common in both so it's better to study mandibular canine after maxillary canine then we'll start with the premolars of maxilla so this canines commonly known as corner stones of dentition because it is placed at corner of mouth and it has single pointed cusp so it is also known as cuspids because it has got a single pointed cusp so the canines role in mastication is mainly tearing which is intermediate between the incisor the incising action of our anterior teeth and the grinding action of our posterior teeth see how well balanced our dentition is the anterior teeth is incising posterior teeth is grinding and the canine is tearing so its position as you see picture here on the mesial side it has lateral incisor and distal side it has maxillary first premolar now the tooth numbering systems so similar to the last two videos we going in the same pattern the universal system just starting from one and it is ending 32 here okay so the canines upper canines are right upper canine is 6 and the left upper canine is 11 okay 6 and 11 whereas the zygmondis parma system which is a quadrant one either right canine this is left canine so the mandibular canine will be like this and FDA system is 1 3 and 2 3 the 1 and 2 are quadrant and 3 is the tooth number okay so that is the tooth numbering system now we have the chronology the first evidence of calcification is at 4 to 5 months then we have the enamel completion by 6 to 7 years then eruption by 11 to 12 years and finally the root completion by 13 to 15 years okay and the dimension the crown length is 10 root length is very long 17 is your distal diameter at contact area is 7.5 and cervical line is 5.5 the labial angle diameter is 8 and cervical line is 7 and curvature of cervical line measles is 2.5 and distal is 1.5 so always measles will be more deeper than distal so that is how you can easily differentiate the right and left canine one for practical examination they'll keep specimens such as right and left canine you need to exactly identify the tooth whether it is right on left so always make sure that the measles part is more deeper than the distal part now we'll start with the labial aspect so the labial aspect the crown of maxillary canine is narrower measles distally than the maxillary central incisor so it has got two slopes that is a cusp ridges that is a measles slope and the distal slope measles slope is being shorter than the distal slope the labial surface is smooth and bulky in the middle because of this labial ridge and we have the implication lines which can often be found in the cervical third which is known as lines of picarin p-i-c-k-e-r-e double L the measles outline usually convex and rounded mesoincisal ankle the mesoincisal ankle is rounded and the height of contour at the contact area that is a junction of incisal and middle third the distal margin which is shorter than the measles margin and has a more rounded incisal ankle height of contour at the middle third and the incisal margin which is divided into two components by the tip of cusp which are known as mesoincisal and distal incisal slope or also known as mesio mesial cusp ridge and distal cusp ridge so you can see the picture all the parts labial ridge distal cusp ridge the cusp tip mesial cusp ridge so the labial surface is convex in all direction but the curvature is more pronounced mesiodistally and the shape in general the shape is pentagonal and the incisal aspect which has a large cusp with a pointed cusp tip now let's see the lingual aspect in lingual aspect the crown and root are narrower lingually and singulum is well developed large and sometimes pointed like a cusp whereas the cervical line which curves asymmetrically towards the apex with a slight offset to the distal and a well developed lingual ridge is seen which divides the mesial and distal lingual fossa so you can see all the parts that is the cervical line singulum mesial marginal ridge distal marginal ridge distal lingual fossa mesio lingual fossa mesial cusp ridge and distal cusp ridge now we have the mesial aspect so from mesial aspect canine looks similar but bulkier than the maxillary central incisor so this maxillary canine is widest anterior to the labial inkling okay and the cervical line curvature is twice towards incisal and the contact area is near the junction of incisal and middle third and distal aspect which is almost same as mesial surface and the cervical line which exhibits less curvature okay so always the mesial side has more depth than the distal side and the distal surface is generally smaller with resultant shorter labial and lingual margins and the height of condo is located at a more cervical level and the contact area is near and the middle third so always the contact area on the mesial side is towards the incisal and distal side towards the cervical the last aspect is the incisal aspect so as you see the picture the labial lingual dimension is greater than the mesial distal dimension and the maxillary canine is generally convex so this is the highest labial lingual dimension tooth and this is generally convex in both its labial and lingual outlines and the cusp tip is labial to the center of the crown labial inkling and mesial to the center mesiodistally so that is about the cusp tip how it is positioned ok it is center of the crown labial to the center of the crown labial inkling and mesial to the center mesiodistally so the labial ridge and the singlum are very noticeable from this aspect regarding Starting the root which is longest and strongest of all the teeth in the mouth and mesial and distal surface of root have developmental depressions. From all aspect the root tapers gradually to a sharp or slightly blended apex. So wider labial linguli than mesiodistally. Linguel and labial surfaces are convex. So that's all about maxillary canal, it's a very commonly asked essay question. So just like I said previous sessions, you need to draw all the aspects with the measurement and explain point wise. So you need to follow that exact steps. The tooth numbering system, its dimensions and its chronology, then the five aspects with picture. Okay so I'll come up with matibular canine in my next session, thank you.