 Okay welcome everyone to the Ask the Expert and I'm going to tell you we have two amazing experts here with us today for the Amazon Web Service on behalf of TechSoup and all of our employees here we want to thank you for being here just a little bit of housekeeping you probably used to this but if you have a question please put it in the Q&A you could type it in the chat room as well I think we'll be able to manage the chat room as well but we love putting questions in the Q&A and if you think that question you said oh I was going to ask that same question why don't you go ahead and give it a thumbs up that'll put it at the top this is being recorded so it'll be sent to everybody who's registered within 48 hours so if you hear something you're like you know what what did he say you don't remember we'll be sending it out to you if you need the closed caption go ahead and tap the CC button at the bottom of your screen it'll turn on the closed caption for you so enough about housekeeping I'm going to get right to our speakers we have today Jamie Gluck he is the Global Program Manager at Amazon Web Service with the focus on empowering nonprofits big and small with resources they need to use the cloud technology for mission impact thank you so much for being here Jamie and we also have Mike George he's a senior solution architect I love that title at AWS with a passion for working with organizations to understand their technology needs and then solutions to welcome to both of you thank you for being here with us today one and thank you so much Aretha it's a pleasure to be here for those near and far I saw we had someone from Mexico and the Philippines and Oklahoma all over the country so thank you so much it's a pleasure to be here my name is Jamie Gluck and Aretha said I'm a Global Program Manager with a goal to help nonprofits big and small leverage AWS technology to achieve their goals so that's all today is about helping you as the nonprofits make the most of Amazon Web Services so let me quickly share my screen and we can jump right into things all right so again welcome to the first session we're going to be spending about 45 to 60 minutes really understanding how to use Amazon Web Services to achieve your goals I'm Jamie Gluck and I'm here with Mike George and in terms of an agenda oops let's see give me one second I want to make sure I am sharing the correct screen Mike can you give me a thumbs up if you can see my screen yes I can but it's just in regular mode it's not in presenter mode or anything okay we'll take for what it's worth so in terms of an agenda I'm going to talk about our AWS nonprofit programs all of the different programs that are available to again support your organization to make sure that you have the resources that you need to succeed on the cloud then I'll pass the mic over to Mike so he can run us through a little bit of some best practices when it comes to security and cost savings on AWS and then ultimately this is all about you so we're going to save the most time for some Q&A this is an opportunity for you to ask questions be it about the credit program perhaps about a specific Amazon Web Service solution and and really we'll speak to your questions to make sure that you leave with the information you know to achieve your goals so with that I want to go ask people to jump into the chat box and just give Mike and me a little bit of a sense of your familiarity with Amazon Web Services give us a plus one in the chat if you have used Amazon Web Services before if you're currently active in AWS and know how to leverage the products now give me a plus two if AWS is more new to you you might have heard about it perhaps but you're really here to learn more you've just heard that AWS exists but you don't really know too much about it so again plus one if you're familiar with it and plus two if you're not so familiar with it let's see I'm seeing some plus two okay I see you David with a plus one and a half which sounds like we've got some a lot of plus twos which is excellent this is the exact place where you want to be ask those questions help you better understand and build on that foundation of your current understanding of AWS to learn even more so if you did plus one excellent glad to hear you have that experience and plus twos you're also in the exact right place so in terms of an AWS nonprofit programs these are the programs that exist that are able to help your organization almost self-service so I'll put all of the links in the chat but I'm going to highlight them one by one really quickly so the first one is the AWS nonprofit credit program if you are a plus two and you're not yet so familiar with what AWS is or how you can leverage AWS to achieve your mission then this credit program is perfect for your organization as it provides $1,000 and AWS promotional credit to nonprofits all over the world all shapes and sizes to really help you get started and get familiar with the services and solutions so again I'll put that link in the chat but you should absolutely leave knowing that there's a credit program that can help you get started on AWS with a thousand dollars already in your account another program I want to highlight is the AWS imagine grant program so this grant program it awards up to a hundred thousand dollars in cash and credits and it's launching again in May 2022 but there are some incredible videos that can help you be inspired about the ways to leverage AWS to achieve your nonprofit's goals and really just get all those good feels about the ways technology can help organizations succeed additionally I want to highlight the upcoming AWS imagine nonprofit conference so you certainly want to save the date it's happening back in person on March 22nd through 23rd in DC of next year so we have the page the save the date page up and running I'll send you that link and you can learn all about it and I would love to see you there and then the last bit of resources that I want to make sure you know are available is that any nonprofit no matter its shape no matter its size no matter its mission area has the opportunity to speak with AWS experts directly we have an entire team set up dedicated to supporting you and your mission and your use of the cloud so I'll put that link in the chat but you just should know that if you have a question and there's no dumb questions if you have a question and AWS experts are here to answer your questions and support your use of our technology so with that said I am going to pass it over to Mike to talk a little bit about some best practices some introductory knowledge to help you succeed on AWS I think you might be in it Mike yeah so um I am trying to see if I can move my screen over really quick well that's fine are you able to see my my yep okay okay so are you able to see my screen that says multi-factor authentication yeah okay all right so what I wanted to do is I noticed in the chat that there were a bunch of twos two and a half's around you know even a three around how much you know about the cloud so I wanted to talk briefly about what AWS does at a high level and then I'll talk about two best practices the first is going to be multi-factor authentication and we'll talk about how to control some of your costs but first of all let's talk briefly about what AWS is AWS is really on on-demand delivery of IT resources via the internet with pay as you go pricing okay so what does that mean well you think about the the old days when you needed to get IT resources you had to invest a lot of money up front to get you know a database a web server or what have you you'd have to put those in a data center there was a lot of cost to do all of that so AWS allows you to get all of those things but on an on-demand basis so it acts a lot like you know when you flip a switch in your home to turn on a light the power company sends you electricity so you know you just get power to that light exactly when you need it you pay only for when that light is on as soon as you turn off the switch the power goes off you don't pay for that anymore that's very similar to how AWS operates you can get IT resources again with this pay as you go pricing so you pay for when you use it there's no upfront investment or anything you have to make you just pay for what you use okay so we can go into a lot more around the various services that AWS offers but that's basically what AWS provides at a high level so let's talk then about really I think the two best practices that the two most important best practices that we see people should really look at the first is multifactor authentication so multifactor authentication is something you can turn on on your AWS account and maybe you've used multifactor authentication on on other accounts that you have if you've ever used a multifactor device like google authenticator microsoft authenticator duo i mean there's there's a handful there's a semantic authenticator so there's a lot of different authenticators out there and you may have seen this where you have a an app on your your device that you can pull up and it gives you this one-time password that expires after about 30 seconds and you can use that as a second source of authentication to log into a website it's a great way of helping ensure that your your account is secure and what it allows you to do is if for some reason someone is able to get into your account like they can guess your password well they can't get in if you have multifactor authentication enabled because they have to also physically have your device in hand to be able to see this the six digit code that changes every 30 seconds so it's a really good way of making sure that that your account is secured so we really you know highly highly recommend that people set up multifactor authentication in their AWS account so let me show you how to do that so i've logged into my AWS account here and i'm going to show you just screenshots because if i go into the identity and access management console in my AWS account there's a lot of really sensitive information here that i don't really want all of you to see so i've got a screenshot and i've i've hidden some of the things that that i want to have you know be secret but within my AWS account i just type iam from the the search box up here and that takes me to this screen which is the identity and access management console once i hit this page i can see really the security recommendations that the iam console recommends i take and you'll notice that the the one in the middle says add mfa for yourself that's gives me a prompt of turning on multifactor authentication for my user you'll also notice that there is a big add mfa button so we recommend that all customers go in and click that button once you click that button you're taken to a page that looks like this where it shows your security credentials it shows that there's a lot of information there like you might have access keys enabled you might have other credentials set up but at the very bottom of the page you're going to notice another button that says assign mfa device so you go ahead and and click that and if you click that that takes you to a page or actually you get a pop-up that looks like this where you can assign an mfa device you can assign a multifactor device and for most users we recommend that you you just leave the first option selected that says virtual mfa device and if you have a so once you pick that you pick the you click the continue button and it will take you to a page that looks like this where there's a qr code that you can scan it you can scan this with a variety of different apps that exist on your phone like you can scan it with othly dual mobile last pass authenticator microsoft authenticator and semantic vip once you scan it it will give you that that that code that expires within 30 seconds you just once you see that code you type in the first code into this mfa code one box you wait for that code to expire and a new code to appear you type then the second code here in this mfa code two box and click the assign mfa button and that's all you do from that point on you have multifactor authentication enabled for your account so every time you log in it will ask you to enter in the the code from your authenticator application so super super easy and it makes your account super super secure okay the next thing i want to talk about are aws budgets and to show you this i'm actually going to log in to the console and show you what this looks like can you all see my screen that says aws management console yes okay great thank you so to set up so so to set up a budget alert well let's talk about what a budget alert is so cost control are one of the major things that we want you to get on top of within aws we uh if if you're using things within aws and and you end up spending money through the aws console we want to make sure that you understand exactly what is costing you money and you have controls in place so that you can reduce your spend on aws so we recommend that you set up budgets and a budget is exactly what it sounds like it is a mechanism that allows you to track how much money you're spending on aws you can set this up to be a recurring thing and then you can receive automatic alerts when you cross certain threshold so let's show you how to set that up so i'm here within my aws console and from the top here i'm going to click my name and i have an option for my billing dashboard i'll go ahead and click on that and once i click on my billing dashboard it shows me you know how much i've spent in my account so far and i can see how my costs are broken out but i have an option here on the left hand side that says budgets so i'm going to go ahead and click on that and this takes me to a page where i can create a budget so you go ahead and click this this orange create a budget button and what you once you've done that you have then a couple of options of the kind of budget that you would like to create in most cases we recommend that you create that first option that's that is selected the cost budget this allows you to manage your costs based on a specified dollar amount and then you can receive alerts when you cross certain thresholds which i'll show you right now so go ahead and i'm going to go ahead and click this next button here at the bottom and this now allows me to set up a budget amount and you can see basically that i can set my budget amount i can scope that budget down if i want and i can then add in data like the the name of my budget and add in thresholds so first of all i can pick the period for how how often i want this budget to be valid for you can see i have a daily monthly quarterly or annually budget we find in most cases that monthly makes the most sense i then have the option of specifying whether this is a recurring budget or an expiring budget so in some cases if you have a grant that you receive and you want to make sure that you don't exceed that budget before the project is complete you might want to do an expiring budget in my case i'm just going to worry about a recurring budget where i want to i want to make sure i don't spend more than a certain amount every month i can pick my start month and i can pick either a fixed amount or i can have a different amount per month i'm going to go ahead and just keep a fixed amount and i'm going to have a total monthly amount of a thousand dollars now your amounts may vary you your amounts may be ten dollars fifty dollars a hundred dollars or fifty thousand dollars just again just depends on the kind of workloads that you're running so i'm going to have a estimated amount of a thousand dollars i have some options here where i can filter my budget so that i can make sure that my budget applies to maybe certain aws services or i can have it apply to all aws services i'm i'm just going to leave this alone right now so this will apply to every piece of spend within my account i can then give this a name i'll just call this my budget i'll go ahead and click next and i have an option now of creating alerts you can see that it says no threshold alerts created but i have an add an alert threshold button so i'm going to go ahead and click that and i want to set up a couple of alerts and i find that this is really valuable to have a couple of thresholds oftentimes if you have an alert go off when you've exceeded your budget that's great that there's value there but in many cases it's that's too late at that point right if i have a monthly budget and i blow through that budget on day three uh you know i'm that's a that's a problem so i find that it's often really really valuable to set alerts at you know the 50 percent level the 75 percent level and the 100 percent level you know i with at the 50 percent level i'd expect to see uh an alert around halfway through the month likewise with at the 75 percent level i'd expect to see an alert uh you know around the the third week of the month and if i start getting those alerts earlier then i'm expecting i know that i'm likely going to exceed my budget and i need to slow down my spending in certain areas likewise if i uh get those alerts later than i'm expecting then i know that i'm behind budget and i might want to increase my spending uh or i might want to you just keep it where it's at if i want to reduce my costs so i'm going to set up three alerts here i'm going to set up a threshold of 50 percent and i'm going to just put in my email here i'm going to add an another alert threshold and then i want another alert at the 75 mark i'll put in my email and i want a third alert at the 100 mark so i've got my three alerts in place i'm going to go ahead and click this next button at the bottom and i can now just review everything that i've got so i've got three alerts alert one is at the 50 threshold alert two is at the 75 threshold and alert three is at the 100 threshold and there are more advanced options that that you can implement at this point if you have if you already know what amazon sns is and you have sns topics that you have people subscribe to you can send that alert to an sns topic if you don't know what i just said you don't need to worry about it i'll click this next button and this gives me a page where i can review what i've set up and everything is okay here so i'll go ahead and click this create budget button this will take just a moment and right now my budget's okay i've spent less than a thousand dollars but if uh you know we're on the 10th of the month and at some point once i hit that 50 of spend i'll receive that alert and then i can tell you know am i am i spending too quickly or you know basically am i on track here so that's how you set up budget alerts so with that that those that was that was the demo that i wanted to go through excellent thank you so much mike really appreciate it um some kind of best practices if you're new or relatively new to aws you should know as mike just described there are ways you can manage your budget and absolutely ways you can manage your security so we had a couple of questions come in um during your presentation mike and i want to just put it out there those that are in attendance this is your time to get your questions answered by aws experts we are here to listen and hear what might be a current obstacle a potential future obstacle what has happened in the past even again i remember we saw a lot of plus twos meaning you're not very familiar with aws so i'm sure you have questions and now's the time to answer to ask them but um as those questions come in can you speak a little bit about the budget so we had current about is it possible to make it so that your service can automatically shut down when it goes over the budget while the man intervenes and restarts it or how does that work in terms of what happens when you overcome or surpass a budget yeah that's that's a great question so by default the budgets won't shut down anything that you have running but there there is additional functionality that you can implement through aws lambda and through other mechanisms to to begin shutting down things within your account if that's something you wanted to do there all are also a number of solutions in our solutions library and there are third party solutions that help with that as well for example in our solutions library we have a a solution that automatically shuts down ec2 instances on a nightly basis and then turns them on in the morning so ec2 if you're not familiar with that is our virtual machine solution so if you have a workload that only needs to be running during business hours this is a good solution that you know shut things down at the end of the day and then turns them on in the morning so you're not paying for compute that's running during the night that nobody's using so so i guess to answer the question yeah there there are a lot of options there but that's not built into budgets out of the box excellent yeah i think you use that appropriately there in terms of the flexibility and the multiple different types of options correct great question and in terms of that answer just to reiterate there's a lot of different ways you can maneuver it we have another question about mfa talking about the phone right like what happens if you lose your phone how can you how can you leverage mfa yeah so ideally whatever you're using for that your mfa device you don't want to lose uh that said it is possible you could lose your phone if you do lose your phone or if you lose basically your mfa device there is a process to reset the mfa device but as you can imagine um because the mfa device is is really you know a very important piece of the security of your account we do make it we do make it i'll say non-trivial to reset uh an mfa token so you know do the best you can to not lose it if you're worried about losing your phone we have customers that will buy a physical token like a yuba key or something like that and use that as their mfa device and then they'll lock it somewhere where they know they won't lose it some of our our larger customers will use something like again like a yuba key for their mfa device and then they'll lock it in a safe deposit box at a bank so there are options there but just keep that in mind you really want to find an mfa device that you're not going to lose excellent thank you we have another question from carol which is a great one asking what services do you think will benefit non-profits the most and if i can just add on to that what are those services lend themselves to solutions what are the services and the solutions that you think are most advantageous for nonprofits yeah this is uh this is a big question because i think it really depends on where you are in your journey so i i work with some customers that are very very new in their journey you know they they don't have a lot of it expertise and then i work with customers that that have over a hundred developers on staff so you know some of the needs for one customer might be very different for another customer if you're new to the cloud if you're new to your cloud journey then things like s3 which is our object storage is a great solution to look at s3 can also be used for static website hosting so if you have a static website that you want to host it's a great way of hosting it with with little cost and you know very little technical expertise needed on the other hand if you're a lot more advanced we have solutions like amazon pinpoint and amazon personalized amazon pinpoint is a solution to to help you stay in touch with some of your members through email or sms or push messaging and it allows you to essentially give the right message to your users at the right time in the the way that they want to receive it you can integrate that with machine learning tools we have like amazon personalized where you can really customize these messages that are going to your end users so for example if you have uh you know some users that tend to be more interested in donations and other users that tend to be more interested in the latest events you can tailor the messaging that you're sending to them so that they're getting that right message and so you're not sending a donation message to someone who has no interest in donations and likewise you're not sending a what's new message to someone that has no interest in that they just want to you know donate to your cause so again there are there are a lot of solutions there and like jamon mentioned earlier we'd love to talk with you in more detail about some of the workloads that that you're doing so that we can help guide you in your journey through the cloud absolutely great opportunity for me to resubmit that link it's now in the chat it actually lends itself nicely to the previous we had about the two thousand dollars that used to be offered for the credit program that's now one thousand dollars and ultimately the reason behind that was that it allows for us to serve more nonprofits over the same amount of time and when we were able to do that and make that change what it allowed for us to do is open up other opportunities of support and I encourage you to reach out to this link that I just posted in the chat there are other ways and other credit programs that are still available for your organization this is certainly one of them but by engaging in a relationship with AWS again we have people ready and willing and excited to speak with you it's then that we understand your specific needs and can offer the resources be in credits or cash or IT support that can help you bring those ideas to fruition so before I go on to the next question I want to ask those that are here and relatively new to AWS I saw again a lot of clues at the beginning AWS is relatively new to you what excites you most about thinking about amazon web services or the cloud for your nonprofit are you excited about the innovation opportunities are you perhaps excited about the cost savings is it maybe security so go ahead and put it in the chat would love to hear from you kind of again what was it about getting that email that let you know that AWS is having this ask the experts that enticed you to joining would love to hear from a couple of people meantime I'm going to go to another question Mike this is for you and Ferdy is an IT educator from the Philippines explaining that a few weeks ago that they encountered so much traffic to the website that it started to perform poorly can you speak a little bit about elasticity and what AWS can provide this Ferdy and their organization to help deal with changes in the volume of visitors to their website and ensuring it maintains performance throughout those fluctuations and this is a problem so this problem is not limited to you know this one workload that Ferdy mentioned we we see customers struggling with this type of issue all the time where you either have spiky workloads or you suddenly get a large influx of traffic you know we noticed a lot of our customers that either are in education or other things that were affected during the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic it seemed like overnight many of our customers experienced large influxes of traffic and they weren't sure how to deal with it so there are a number of ways that that we can support this first of all we we recommend that you make sure that your solutions are elastic and scalable so if you're running on ec2 again which is our virtual machine offering make sure that you're running in an autoscaling group autoscaling groups can be configured so that they can automatically scale out or scale in your workloads depending on your traffic you can also use things like amazon cloudfront which allows you cloudfront is our content delivery network offering and what this allows you to do is allows you to reduce the latency between between your application and your end users so if you have a worldwide audience cloudfront can can cache content nearer to your end users rather than have them come all the way to the US or to you know wherever your your whatever region that you're you're using in addition to that you know cloudfront is like I mentioned it's a great solution for for caching content it's also a great solution if you've got any sort of streaming content that you want to distribute around the world so that's you know the first part of that answer that there are a lot of solutions but we definitely want to look Ferdy at your specific workload to see what was causing the problems and there may be other things that we would suggest as well sick so yes out Ferdy you're speaking to the right people that link again is in the chat thanks so much for that information Mike and we're seeing a lot of feedback in the chat at the moment about cost savings I want to pinpoint one particular I believe it's David that's currently spending $700 a month on their hosting bill so how can they maximize their cost savings and that's their primary goal can you speak a little bit about what an organization who's currently paying for a large amount of hosting on site and how and why they can move to AWS yeah absolutely so again it really comes down to that that comment I made earlier about the on-demand of IT on-demand delivery of IT services with pay-as-you-go pricing so when you look at the the things that you're you're paying for you need to think about you know is this is this workload something that I might want to turn on or off are there you know so there's that piece that could help you reduce your cost there are also things that AWS provides for example some of our machine learning services which become a little more advanced or we have cost center solutions that a lot of customers we see might end up paying you know large amounts of money for these when they're not using AWS services but then as you move to AWS services because of our economies of scale and because of you know a lot of other factors that that just based on how we operate we're able to provide these services at a really low cost and and just by virtue of moving to some of these services can save customers a lot of money what and thank you that Mike and I saw David you were talking about spending on AWS and I can even speak to that that there are not only a lot of services within AWS to help ensure that you are optimizing your spend as best as possible but again I keep kind of going back to this point there are resources available with AWS live people like me and Mike who can look at your AWS account with you and optimize your account to ensure that you maybe you only need to be spending $650 maybe it's $65 I'm speaking directly to David in the case that they're currently spending 700 we encourage you to speak to an individual reach out to the team and we can take a look under that hood and make sure your environment or your AWS usage is optimal as possible. Hey Jim one thing really quick on that if I could just add something of course one service that is often overlooked that we recommend customers look at is trusted advisor trusted advisor is a solution that exists within the AWS console and trusted advisor will tell you basically that the the health of your AWS account and it will part of trusted advisor will look at things that are underutilized like do you have underutilized EC2 instances do you have EBS volumes that aren't attached to anything you know these are all sources of cost within your account it looks at a number of other things and when you look at trusted advisor it'll actually make proactive recommendations on you know you really should turn off these things here if you can and you know these are some areas you could save money so that's trusted advisor would be something I'd look at as really like the low hanging fruit of making sure you've got some of those obvious things taken care of to reduce your costs and then once you've done that then we can look at your workloads in more detail to help you reduce that further. And we got a question as well about S3 and I want to call S3 is one of an AWS services they're using it to hold their foundation's off-site server backups and their question it was from David asking if it's eligible for the AWS nonprofit credit and the answer is absolutely yes the vast the vast majority of AWS services are covered by the AWS nonprofit credit program so definitely scroll up and in fact I am going to resubmit it here so we have all of the resources and this credit program is waiting for you to just take advantage of and then one other question and then I'm going to go back and look at the chat to make sure I'm covering everything was that what type of AWS support is free and I think it's a very good question right like having these conversations with AWS experts like myself and Mike what's it going to cost and it's a very valid point but the good news is that it's free we have an entire team dedicated to having these conversations exploring ideas with you at no cost this link I just sent you says speak with AWS you'll just want to click it and then at the very top it'll say I believe start a conversation that'll get all rolling and having these communications between you and AWS and absolutely no cost just as an advisor to make sure that you're using the cloud the best to your ability I think that's a great point I mean definitely you know James you get that point if we do we definitely have options that do cost money like if someone wants support to help build solutions you know we have professional services you know we have more advanced support offerings depending on what you need but but you know talking to me we're talking to another solutions architect that's always going to be free excellent we have another question from Marie speaking Marie B alluded to change in leadership over at her organization Mike from your perspective what are some ways that someone with can help convey the value of cloud to either a new type of leadership existing leadership what are some best practices you've seen so the question is understanding the the value of moving to the cloud and how to consider that to leadership and maybe what resources might be available for Marie then pass on her leadership yeah we have a lot of this actually we have all of this material available on our website where we on the aws website just aws.amazon.com where we we talk about the value of the cloud but just to go through that you know pretty quickly there are a lot of a lot of reasons to move to the cloud you know the first is cost savings you know customers typically trade capex for op-ex by moving to aws and that op-ex spend is is cheaper than if you were to do it on your own again because of our economies of scale we're also innovating at a faster clip than than our competition i i want to say you know last year we we released what 2500 plus services on aws and anywhere our rate of innovation is increasing every year what this means for you is that you don't have to put in that that hard work of building these things you can you can leverage what aws has already done we we like to talk about the term undifferentiated heavy lifting and and we define that as really the the muck that you know the work that you have to do that doesn't differentiate your organization from anybody else so managing a server for example you you might be doing it at a non-profit or a charity but you'd also be doing that if you worked for any fortune 100 company so again that's not work that differentiates your business and we oftentimes have the attitude of if it's not differentiating your your business or helping drive your mission forward you shouldn't be doing it and by leveraging a lot of the the managed services that aws offers you can get away from that undifferentiated heavy lifting some some other things that that we have is again because of our rate of innovation because of how easy it is to begin working on aws it's easy to begin experimenting and potentially innovating with your mission so you know you think about the the olden days if you had an IT team where you said i want to experiment on something i need a server oftentimes it would take you know days weeks or even months to get a server spun up in you know the cloud you can have a you click a button and you can have a server that you can experiment on immediately and if that experiment doesn't work you just decommission that server no harm no foul you know it's it's really really easy to do these kinds of things you know the the last thing that really comes to mind is our global presence where we have the we have a concept of a region made of us region which is a physical location where we cluster data centers and then we have logical groupings of those data centers we call an availability zone in each region we have multiple availability zones which again constitute again each each availability zone is two or more data centers so you know just by moving to aws by following our best practices you're spread out across multiple physical data centers which is likely already better availability than than most organizations have and it's also important to note that our concept of a region and an availability zone is different from our competition so for many of our competitors they consider a region to be one data center or maybe even part of a data center you know and again for us that's not good enough a region is a physical grouping of many many data centers so so you know you're going to have higher availability on aws and we have regions worldwide so you can deploy your workloads to the area that is needed the most jimin is there anything that i left out that comes to mind that was excellent mike really robust a lot of information i'll emphasize the point that you made at the beginning is that the website as much as i hate telling people to go to the website it really is the all-encompassing resource to arm you all with the information not only to educate yourself about the value of aws for nonprofits but moreover to help spread that message to leadership to promote adoption so um thank you so much mike that was perfect i uh want to just make a last call for a digital question i want to call out kirk we definitely have your question it's a little specific to your account so i'm going to encourage you to reach out to our aws team through those links i sent through earlier but i just want to say i hear you and i see you and last call for information i also want to fair my link in um you know i am a huge advocate for you all um and and i can represent aws on behalf of the nonprofits team so just want to make myself available if you have questions about aws moving forward hopefully we've given you tons of resources to mull over and to think through but additionally just wanted to share feel free to connect with me i'm happy to do whatever i can to make sure you get the information you need um so marie great question what is the website that we're talking about to go to i'll post it one last time it's not exactly ws amazon.com it's more specific just for nonprofits it's the one right in the chat there so um thank you all so much really appreciate it i'll pass it over to aretha if you don't mind pulling things out but again on behalf of aws for nonprofits thank you all so much for your time we're here to support you and thank you for the incredible work that you're doing you're really the champions here doing the the hard work so it's a pleasure next time yeah thank you guys so much make sure you fill out the survey make sure you take care of yourself