 Welcome to the session. Let me also remind everyone about some of the housekeeping rules that we will be observing during this session. I see more people joining in. Hi Anne, hi Lucy, hi Demi Lola. Can we move to the Zoom slides please? Yeah, please note that this session is being recorded and parts of it will be available on YouTube channel of IID. And also I request all the participants to please do not share the link outside this meeting group. And please close all non-essential applications on your devices such as Skype. Please mute your microphone if you're not speaking and you can also turn off your video if in case you face any kind of technical problem and please feel free to respond through the chat box and put in your comments and questions so that we can also make it more participatory. So welcome, welcome everyone again. And now let's just kick off the discussion and try to understand why we have, we are having this session and what is that we are trying to achieve through this session. So from our experience we have seen that communities have years of experience in dealing with multiple crises and they have the experience of also testing out different solutions which they learn and share with their networks and they build and they teach and learn from each other different strategies and solutions which are also transferred and scaled. But despite the community knowledge, these, the communities are not recognized as knowledge holders or experts. So information collected by communities are also representative of their own priorities and needs. And in our work we have seen how communities knowledge is being used by the government to help in adaptation planning and decision making. When we talk about innovation, we mostly understand it in terms of technological innovations but innovation can also be process led and it can also mean putting in place some of the relationships that help to shift the dynamic between different kinds of actors. And as vital commission we also believe that the empirical knowledge coming from communities must be valued and communities must be seen as practitioners who who always test solutions and bring their strategies to action, which can also be useful for informing climate action and has implications for climate adaptation. So today in this session we want to hear from the community leaders and NGO practitioners who work with communities about the different kind of research they do, which leads to innovation and also discuss what we can learn from some of these examples to promote institutional recognition of grassroots communities in urban areas and also how we can help them to deepen, disseminate and link communities knowledge with that of professional knowledge of the practitioners, scientists and people working in the universities. We have with us very, we have with us for very experienced and dedicated grassroots leaders and community practitioners who will share their experience and strategies of how they have done community research in their, in their work and how they are also using this process to build partnership with the government. And this will help us in understanding a little bit about why a community led data process is indeed innovative and transformative. So, I would like to invite our first speaker, Veronica Katulushi, who is from Zambia, homeless and people's poor people's federation in Zambia. Veronica is the grassroots leader and national facilitator she is associated with viral commission is and also she's a member of the SDI network. Unfortunately, Veronica is not able to join us directly today because of some issues but we have a video that we want to show you where she will be talking about the social tenure domain model, which is a propo land information tool that she has used in the community to map the land boundaries and this is a tool that has helped the different communities to come together, they found the information through the neighbors and then the information is kind of presented to the government and government accept this information. So, I request Ariana to please play the video for Veronica. Sorry, I'm not able to hear the audio. The social tenure domain model is a tool that is used to map and link people's relationships to their land. And the communities, especially the informal settlements, we experience a lot of challenges like flooding, waste, droughts, etc. When it comes to flooding, we experience a lot of diseases because of the water, the stagnant water, or malaria, the waste that is accumulated. Now, it is a tool, the social tenure domain model, that we capture all these challenges. When you go out in the communities with questionnaires, those questionnaires will guide us on what will come out as priorities within a speculated community. We are going to ask the beneficiaries the questions and the challenges that they are facing. Whether with the council or the local authorities, we work in conjunction so that they also are able to touch what is on the ground, the challenges that the communities are facing. When it comes to land, we use the GPS machine which will capture the boundaries of the beneficiaries. And when we do that, of course, we call the neighbours have to be part of the people that are monitoring or that are doing the mapping. So that they agree to say, yes, this is a bona fide member of the owner of this land. So from there, the data that is collected will go to the local authorities. When it goes to the authorities, the local authorities will put in place. Because this information has come from the people within the communities, from the grassroot people and it carries waste. Because the data that is captured is for the people and it will benefit the people. A policy is in place and because of the findings, the challenges that are found there, it will help the government to put in place. For instance, now, because of the land ruggles, the land issues that were involved in the past. The government now has put in place to say that 50% of the land has to be given to the women. 20% has to be given to the youth and other vulnerable people. Which means the STDM or the social tenure domain has been accepted by the stakeholders and by the government. When it comes to droughts, people are made aware, they are sensitized. They have to be in the readiness of the droughts that are coming. They are aware of which crops to plant in their fields. What is it that we are going to do when there is a flood? So they are in readiness of all those challenges. This helps to sustain even the livelihoods of the people. Through the infrastructure, they are able now to build even stronger structures in readiness because the climate has changed. And now, how do they adapt to that? When we are talking of sack gardens, the nutritional status of the household, we are encouraging the women to plant sack gardens, even backyard gardens, so that they are able to conquer the poverty levels within our homes. They are able to plant vegetables and sell as income generating activities. So instead of doing the poverty levels, when we come to the West, which is accumulating anyhow, the separation, we separate the West and that can be solved. Because if we just dump anyhow, we are vulnerable to diseases like diarrhea, cholera, typhoid, in all those diseases, even malaria because of the stagnant water that is accumulated. So together, the STDM has proved a tool that can be used in the communities. Thank you. That was Veronica from Zambia and she is sharing about the social tenured women model, which helped them to map land boundaries of the informal settlement communities living in Lusaka city in Zambia and how this whole process has using both community mapping and GPS technology, they are able to identify not only the land in which they are living, mapping the boundaries, but also the many challenges that they face. And this has then been accepted by the government which held the communities to secure land tenure and that then enables them to look at various options to secure their food, nutrition, livelihoods and other things. Thank you and thank you Sheila and Surangina also for adding in your comments regarding the context, giving a context to our listeners. We have with us today our next speaker, Christine Mutuku from SDI Kenya. Hi, Christine. Christine is a community organizer and a federation leader in Mungano, Vavana, VGG. And she has been extensively involved in city led projects that city led projects and working with the government, which has been which which also includes the Mukuru special planning area which will be talking about today. Welcome Christine and please tell us what kind of information do you collect from the communities. What is really unique about this process and how does it help you to build your relationship with the government. Over to you Christine. Thank you. Hi everyone. My name is Christine Muelu. I come from Kenya in a former settlement known as Mukuru. And Mukuru is in former settlement whereby we have faced many challenges through climate change. We are faced flooding. Then after the flooding, this is whereby outbreak of diseases have really risen. People are really suffering that we are really suffering out of the outbreak of diseases. EG, for example, malaria, we have typhoid, corrella, and out of that, we came and we sit down beside we have to plan for ourselves. Then because Mukuru is a big slam. We decided to collect data for ourselves, we community and the technical people assisted us to collect the information. We are by we use the profile informs to write the information that we are collecting from the from the informal settlement. And we use the also FGD focus group discussion to to inform the people why we are collecting the information and also the community to talk for themselves. The kind of strong that we are going through and the information that we are collecting was counting the structures with which are located in our slums and also taking the total number of people. All the tracking the number of community families in that area. And also we were using GPS to locate all the facilities which we needed to know they were our main schools we have in hospitals. Those are examples there are things and also sanitation toilets. We want to know how many they are because of the great number of the community. When we when we came to to know why we are collecting the information we wanted to know who are the people living in Mukuru. And I will say profit from this data and how will we be able to communicate with the government. So we were able to communicate with the government through this data that we collected and we made sure the data was correct for the government to know that. The community is fed up with this kind of outbreaks and we needed a change in Mukuru because Mukuru is a private land and we used to face a lot of eviction things that sometimes our houses were touched. So we were so we should be start we were standing firm enough to give our report to the government and out of the reports that we collected. The county government came in they worked around Mukuru and exactly they found that the data that we collected it is true. These people are suffering because they are not there is no plan. We could only build the structure wherever you you find us. So after the county government coming in that is where they started locating where the roads will go through the communities where we are proposing. But when the government came in they said the proposal of the community was not enough because we needed FIACO inside the community in case of the outbreak of fire in the case of the outbreak of diseases. So they are right now as I talk Mukuru was declared to be a special planning out of the effort of the community and out of this challenge of climate change whereby we as the community or me as a community leading community leader I was ready to see a change in our community challenges we are there but where we are we can say we have seen a change in Mukuru and not even enough change because we are still persisting for the things which we need to be put in Mukuru. Whereby they have set spaces for the hospitals to be built and in that process we say like community we are happy because the hospitals will be located in Mukuru and people will not be suffering while looking for far and distance hospitals to go. We thank our government because of the struggle of our community that we have done. Thank you. Thank you Christine that was indeed very powerful and it's it's such a great example of how the information collected and organized by communities is helping the government to sort of create opportunities to work in partnership with the communities in in planning the area where they are living and in urban settlements we know that communities are in constantly facing eviction and demolition threats and and so so when when when when collecting information about their different structures and the number of people living in this informal settlements are being taken to the government that sort of provides real data data from real data and then this is this is the way how communities are establishing the relationship with the government and also ensuring that they are included in planning of that area. So, thank you so much. Christine for that example. Now let me bring in Sonia Rodrigo from Philippines. Sonia is a national community leader from the Philippines and has been involved in slum profiling and mapping efforts, some of which has led to inclusive upgrading of slums in partnership with the government. Thanks Sonia for joining the session today. Could you also tell us how what approaches or tools you use while collecting information from the communities and what sort of results, some of the results that you have achieved through this. Good afternoon everyone. I'm Sonia from the Honest People's Federation Philippines, and I would like to share some of the experience of the Federation regarding how communities were transformed because of the data that we have gathered. So, if you see the context in the Philippines, you are prone to typhoons, landslide and flooding, and especially in those areas, we call the danger areas or high risk areas. At the same time, we also face threat of eviction and demolition and some man-made hazards like fire, health hazards due to poor sanitation, no access to potable water, proper toilet, and limited access to basic services. So, in this pressing issue that we are facing, the Federation decided to conduct a community-led household survey and also mapping process. Because when you check with the national government, the national government generated data, you notice that there is a big mismatch in the youth's gap regarding the information about the communities. There is no updated data that represents the current numbers and situations of the communities. So that's why this is one of the reasons why we have to lead the community-led household survey. And also for our national and global advocacy, as we are part of the SDI, and for community information and monitoring itself. So when you conducted the data through our household survey, we were able to gather information around the tenure status of the community, the ownership of the land, the land area, the boundary maps, and also we have conducted settlement profiles. We also have information around number of households, the houses and type of housing structure and materials used, what are the basic infrastructure and services available and lacking in the community. And at the same time, resources available in the community that can mobilize and current plans and opportunities, as well as strategies that can be supported. Because in communities itself, there are a lot of people's plans that has to be supported and ignored by sometimes by the government. We also have information about some locally initiated adaptation strategies that can be scaled up or replicated. So using this data, we engage the city government around the issues of slum upgrading because some of the issues around this danger areas is not about resettlement, but some of them only needs slum upgrading. And we also engage government around the issue of housing and also the future projects and targeting the this high risk communities. We also use this data information to mobilize and organize communities to set a wide networks and to think of the collective solutions rather than individual solutions. The data also serve as a tool in increasing local development and shelter plans to improve the conditions of specific disaster prone communities and those facing eviction and demolition threat. We also use the data to explore alternative building materials because you see in the Philippines the cost of building materials is very expensive and materials that are renewable, affordable and disaster resilience as we used to bamboo technology and bricks. We're able to secure land for some families as a result of our data and our advocacy with the government and we always say that we prioritize those families living in danger areas. We, because of our data, we have obtained support from the government for the use of the alternative building materials and accreditation for these materials to be used in our housing project. We have institutionalized partnership and influence policies, local government related to issues of land, community upgrading and disaster intervention as we became a member of the government local special bodies. We have the local development council, this is the council where Federation seats and this is where development plans and budgets are being presented and approved and we are part of that. We're also part of the local housing board where the policies around housing is being discussed. We have become part of the local shelter plan and the most important thing is that we become part of the local disaster risk reduction management council within the city where disaster intervention mitigation and plans are being discussed together with some stakeholders and academic and the private sectors. So, our data made us to become one of the major stakeholders and was involved in the decision making process of the city when it comes to urban development and all issues related to the meetings and help government to make informed decisions. Thank you very much. Yeah, that was a very fantastic example of community generated information. And you have you spoke about having a combination of different tools like mapping each households and what kind of structures are there what are they different with the different issues that communities are facing and the some of this information were not available with the government but your but the data community collected has helped the government in relocating this communities and also locating land. And then you also spoke about housing upgrading housing and using alternative technologies, which is also an innovation and I think this I think this held the communities in Philippines to be part of the local decision making and this sort of also gave a basis for the city level in the for the government. So thank you thank you for your for sharing your experiences again. Now I would like to bring in Matthew from practical action. Matthew works with the practical action as a area coordinator in the Lake Victoria region, and he has a lot of experiences in organizing and working with communities. Welcome Matthew and please tell us how do you do research in your community and what is what tools you use and what impact has has this created over to you Matthew. Thank you very much. Hello to everyone. My name is Matthew O'Kello as has been said, I work with practical action and it's national development agency. I am based in Kisumu and this morning I will be sharing with you experiences from participatory planning information for dialogue and innovation from Kisumu city in Kenya. For those of you who already know Kisumu is the third largest city in Kenya with a population of about 500,000 people. And up to about 60% of this population live in low income settlements or slums if you like. Low income settlements or slums are characterized by poor housing conditions as you can see on your slide. Low levels of services ranging from limited access to safe water and basic sanitation facilities. The effects of climate change are already evident. And we have seen over the last few years, greater extremes, some months much wetter, and thus drier, seasonal flooding is a growing concern. For many years, decision making was a top down. Local budgets for priority projects have been available, but largely poorly spent to address priority issues affecting the poor. Now, as a result of this, practical action has been engaging with local community groups organized into neighborhood associations. And from the year 2008, we have been working with local organizations, partner national governmental organizations to be able to support participatory planning processes, including mapping or context analysis, ranking risks and problems, identifying key challenges that affect local level development and identifying the local people to prioritize some of these solutions. We have been able to identify actors and build relationships with local people, as well as external actors, so that we could be able to address some of the challenges that affected the local people. And some of the outcomes of these tools that we did use included what we have referred to as strategic local level plans, or if you like, local work development plans, which have been able to feed into the county integrated development plans or annual development plans. One of the things that we have seen is that these approaches have been able to build consensus and create space, especially for women and poor tenants, and have been able to engage, been able to increase the engagement with local government, such as in the preparation of annual development plans, practicing together and bringing their voices to bear on key decision making plans and budgets. And I want to confirm that we have seen better results through this approach. The neighborhood associations have been able to mobilize local actions, including people who live in some of these areas. And we have seen this especially in the year 2020, when we did experience some of the worst floods. And this was also the year that COVID hit hard. And the neighborhood planning associations were not only the first people on the ground to respond, but they were more in terms of identifying the greatest areas that needed to be, for example, opened up. They were able to identify areas that have come to water logging, and were able to support the most vulnerable families to move to higher ground, even as they sought help from local government, such as departments of water, departments of health, and other external resource organizations to come to the aid of people who needed the support most. Now, we have realized that for many years, planning was such a professionalized and a top-down tool that did not respond more specifically to the needs of the people who needed it most. And therefore, we have seen that with these participatory planning processes, we have been able to show better outcomes with community leadership, grassroots structures, and people have been able to identify and prioritize local actions that respond better to their situation. We think that in the same manner, climate adaptation suffers more or less the same fate. It is highly professionalized and decision-making again is top-down. We are persuaded that with community leadership for dialogue and innovation, there can be better outcomes just like we have seen with participatory planning processes. That means greater community control over decisions and monitoring of decisions and plans, such as spending of funds for adaptation in urban areas. This might require ongoing light-strike support to neighborhood planning associations to ensure representation and ability to respond better to some of the challenges that people are struggling with. Thank you so very much. This is my presentation coming from Kisumu City in Kenya. Thank you, Matthew, for the presentation. I also see Suranjana's comment on, she's saying that over-professionalizing of planning often leads to inability of the plan to respond to the needs of those who really need development. I think it is very well demonstrated from your presentation. You have mentioned about some of the participatory tools that communities are using to not only collect information but also engaging with the wider community stakeholders like the government and informing them about their priorities. This has been able to create a space for many poor women and marginalized tenants living in the urban settlements in Kisumu, Kenya. I think the process has also generated increased engagement with the government and has supported in developing county development plans. So thank you, Matthew, for the presentation and also thank you to all the speakers who have joined us today and thank you for sharing in your experiences of the great work that you are doing. We really saw a diverse range of approaches that grassroots communities in urban settlements are using to collect information and also how it is helping the government in developing climate adaptation planning and decision making. So now then, how do we really strengthen and support community knowledge and research and the efforts that they're putting in. We just want to touch upon a little bit on the innovation, on the kind of innovation also coming out. It's which I earlier mentioned about the process that is innovative in the way communities are able to link to the not only the government but multiple stakeholders and where the government is recognizing communities and partnering with them. And also we saw some technical innovation, as in the case of Sonia who mentioned about alternative housing or upgrading the infrastructure that is more suitable for climate change and can and is and is and it's a that stands strong during climate risk like floods and droughts. So, I think now we can move to the next segment of our session and I would like to invite my co facilitator Lucy Stevens from the practical action. She is the head of practical action cities fit for people program, and she will guide us through the next process. Thank you. And over to you Lucy. Thank you very much and Russia. So now we have an opportunity for us all to share our experiences to discuss and engage with each other. Because we're going to have a good amount of time for some breakout groups stimulated by by the presentations that we've had so far so it's my job now to tell you how that's going to work and some of the questions that we're suggesting about that you will discuss. We are going to divide into groups and each of those groups will have a facilitator and a note taker who will be able to share some of your points back afterwards. In your group will be quite a small group but if you can agree somebody who would be willing to report back. When it comes to reporting back, you'll need to just pick two or three key points, because we will only have a few a few minutes to report back from from your group really it will be a chance for you to learn and discuss within the group. We will have about 25 to 30 minutes in the in the discussion groups. I think if we make 25 minutes that will allow us enough time to hear from the groups afterwards. Our Zoom coordinator, Sohail is going to allocate people into a room so I'm sure that will all work very smoothly so you will find yourself in a group automatically fingers crossed that works I'm sure if we need to do anything Sohail will let us know and then you will be returned automatically after the 25 minutes back to the plenary. Okay so what are we going to be discussing. You'll have a facilitator in your group but there will be a couple of breakout group questions. Which help to link us to this theme of the conference and the themes that have been discussed. The first one is, we've heard about lots of different community driven data collection tools and approaches. So how can those help in adaptation to climate change. We've seen a few examples of that so it'll be good to discuss more and hear from you in your in your contributions. The second question is goes a bit beyond what we've heard a little bit beyond what we've heard today but how can the government institutional partners researchers donors and so on strengthen and support community led research for urban adaptation. So that this kind of urban adaptation can be a better part of national adaptation plans and so on. So yeah, how can how can we make that to support work. Also, as part of the breakout group, you can have an opportunity to ask people questions that might have come up for you during the presentation so do take the opportunity to do that don't feel you have to only stick to these breakout group questions. You may find that you've got questions for the presenters so please feel free to, to go ahead and ask them. Okay, so I think we're ready to split off into our breakout groups. So I think that should, that should be able to happen. Let us know. Yep. rooms are ready. I'll be basically putting everyone in them. Thank you very much. You have been invited please join in. So when you get a little notice on your screen you have to click to join. Have a good discussion and we'll see you all at the other, when we come back to a plenary. Wonderful. Welcome back everybody and I hope that you had a very fruitful discussion in your, in your breakout group. I'm just going to make sure I can see who has been leading each of those, each of those breakout groups. So that I can invite people to provide us with some, some feedback we certainly had a very fruitful discussion in our group. But you don't, I will be providing a bit of feedback from our group but so that we break things up a bit. May I go to the group that was facilitated by Ariana and Zillire to provide some feedback. Feel free to share your notes or just to give us two or three points we will just have to limit you to two or three minutes to share back some of what I'm sure was a very rich discussion. Yeah, so I was taking some notes during that group. There was a lot of discussion but I can only mention a few. On the first question, what was mentioned is that it provided good insight in the local level, the challenges that they face and the experiences and also provide some room for what would be the best solutions. It also ensures that it empowers leaderships to the communities and that it provided a platform for dialogue. Some other aspects that were mentioned were that the differences in communities that it's important to also pay attention within that for that, because communities are not an homogeneous groups so that we should pay attention to that. And that we must ensure that the plans that are developed based on the data that these are up to date flexible and include the newest strategies and methodologies so that there is flexibility possible within the plans for improvement. For the second question, it was mentioned that it could help. Let me get back to what the second question was sorry. So how could the government and institutional partners strengthen and support community led research. So what was mentioned that local innovation platforms which includes government researchers and communities could be helpful in providing new evaluation options and to engage different kind of stakeholders. That it's important to also ensure that the data is available and that it could be disseminated. And that there should be a link between the data and the planning so that we engage in bottom up planning. And that we should be careful on how the communities are using the data and options. What could also be done is that the institutional donors could provide funding that they the researchers could help train facilitators in certain methodologies and provide insight in the newest methodologies. So I hope that my group will add to me in the chat box. Wonderful. Thank you very much. Yes, please do add any other points so that we can capture them in the in the chat box. I'm, if, if, if there are further points that you that you that really struck you as part of the discussion. Let me pass on to Christine and and Wesh's group, please. I'll just share my screen so that Christine can present. We can we can see that fine if you. Okay, okay. I mean it's not full screen but it's perfectly fine so yes please go ahead. So there you are. Lovely. Christine. Okay. Hello, can you hear me. Yes. Yes, let's go ahead. Oh, okay. I'm using just a small phone so I cannot read the, the, the notes please just present just read the notes please. Okay, yeah, thank you. Thank you Christine. So mainly, I mean, we in the, in the first question on how community driven data tools and approaches helping adaptation to climate change. We discussed a little about how the community community data collection process really starts. How, how the community members and leaders they convince and communicate the communities on about the real problems and help them to prioritize what is affecting them. And the whole process of data collection then sort of empowers them to talk to the government and helps them in negotiating and bargaining resources, because they are coming from a point of strength and they talk to the government basis this data, and also, this is the whole process is both empowering and building the capacities of government and since it is a community driven process it is helpful for generating plans that that that is actually used and helpful for the communities. So for the second question on how government and institutional partners can really spend and support community led research for adaptation. There were mainly two points that came up which is again related to building communities technical capacities to collect and present the information and and also putting untied resources at the hands of communities through which they can undertake the research and innovation we mainly discussed about the resources in the in the context of communities, you know, that doing communities time and efforts for collecting the information and who really compensates them for for taking up this initiative. So, yeah, these are our points from our groups if anyone wants to add from the group please do add. Thank you. Thank you. Thank you and washer and Christine. Our next group is Chris and Teresa. So, the, the main points that we have discussed in our group is just three for the first question. So the first one is that institutions are driven by their policy. When it comes to data gathering or research, which is not answering the need of the people. So, community driven data is more directed to fit for purpose planning so it can be so that the plan would be more relevant to the need of the community. And the second community data help help us know the key blockage points and the facilitating factors in the in the in addressing climate change. Like, for example, the, the expose the real issues, the real risk, then the gravity of the, the situation, the details of what action needs to be done in the community. And then the third one is that adaptation tools are key to identify which systemic gaps and leverage points for improved tracking of adaptation technologies. This is more of the monitoring side of the plants and the strategies that were implemented on the ground. For the second question, we did not really have the time to, to answer, but it, it, we agree to the points that was made by the first group, really empowering the community to strengthen them to, you know, their strength and their capacities to really develop this, their skills more and then so that they can, you know, they can really use this as a leverage for the, for the government to, you know, really listen to them and accept this data that this is the the true data that is provided by the community. And this is the actual situation of the area of the of the community. So that's it. If my group can still add these two. So thank you. Thank you so much, Teresa. I was in the, I know we've got one other group. I'll just give a short bit of feedback from the group that that I was participating in. One of the, one of the key points we made is that we know that these that actually there's a climate funds and development funds that are quite similar. Now actually, all development to be good development needs to be conscious of climate issues. So, so we don't need to see a big distinction between these two things and the kinds of issues that are being raised by these sorts of community planning. These days are naturally identifying some of the issues that are really key to adaptation. Because these are things that are on the ground because they are grounded in reality, they are, they are geared towards helping with with issues of adaptation. And that and that and they are crucial because the city doesn't doesn't have an idea of the sorts of vulnerabilities, the details of who is affected and how on the ground. They often miss out on some very key insights in the absence of this kind of disaggregated community level data in relation to the second question. There's that where there was a sense of frustration that actually we have that these kinds of processes have to be justified and reinvented and rediscovered every time one by one at the city level. You know, we need to find a way to leapfrog so that these become the norm. We also talked about how they can be institutionalized as part of the ongoing practices within at the city level and how that can be supported. Actually, we found that once can once city managers see the value in it, it is easier for it to become institutionalized and that value becomes apparent quite quite quickly. And also there's a challenge of lots of turnover of of people in leadership roles at the at the city level. So, so, so there needs to be some kind of practicing over time. And a sense that we just need to get over the hurdle where communities are treated as if they won't understand these climate issues but in fact they understand the realities of these situations all too well. We passed to the last group, which was led by Sir Anjana and Ruby. Would you like to provide any more, any of your feedback from your group. Hi everyone. We had a really interesting discussion in our group, or rather, should I say we began to touch on some very interesting points on the first question around. On tools, I think we had more of a discussion on that re emphasize the power of community led data so people talked about, you know, community led data reflecting the true realities and the priorities of communities. They talked about the ability to negotiate from a position of strength they talked about the up to date data and knowledge that communities bring in their research often researchers are studying material which comes from a fairly long time ago so this is often a time up to date data. And we also had someone talk about the need to better analyze human animal conflicts and their impacts. Regarding how other institutions can help communities to strengthen their work and to leverage their research in ways that strengthen communities we actually had some terrific insights there. The first is someone talked about the need to actually document and communicate more the kinds of knowledge and innovation that communities already have in place for example their own indigenous early warning systems. The second was the idea that communities need sometimes universities to endorse and legitimize their data and knowledge and I think sometimes that can be a bit of a double edged sword but it's an important thing to think about. And community leader from Zimbabwe talked about how the local government was far more willing to accept their the community data when once they had started partnering with a community and the other interesting piece that came out was we had a consultant in our group who said she was very willing to work with local communities who were engaged in urban planning processes to and use their data, you know, in places where she she was working. And that brought up the issue of do communities have rules and principles about who can access and how they can use their data and Sonya from the homeless people's federation also talked about the rules they've set up in in the Philippines and where in which the local government actually has to ensure that the communities are made aware of who's using their data and how they're using it. So I thought that that we started off a really exciting conversation which is to be continued. Thank you. Thank you. Was there any other group or have we now completed feedback from all of the groups. Is there anyone else who needs to provide feedback I think I've got the full list but I just wanted to double check that there isn't anyone else expecting to provide feedback. Lucy, can I can I share something. Yes. Okay, the first one as I mentioned in the chat looks like you know gender disagree this aggregation, or, you know, the different needs of the communities how communities are actually reside in a particular area, and what are their needs, and how they are affected by the impact of climate change and how they are exposed by the urban flooding. So that need need to be documented and the knowledge of exposure actually you know there with communities and that is not actually well documented by the government if the government could validate those information from the community or from the community leaders that could in the bottom up planning process, and that is, you know, the demand driven planning process, and as many people actually said that could contribute in support, this is making system of the government. There is one. The second one is risk, risk sensitive land use planning is a crucial element that the government should you know recognize in any settlement. If the data, the community data can be linked with those government lead risk sensitive land use plan at the, you know, urban settlement or for the urban leaders, that would help to validate the crucial or pertinent need of the communities. So these two area particularly linked with bottom up planning and the validation of the data and recognize the need of local community, I stop. Okay, thank you, Darren. Sir Anjana, did you have your hand up for any last point or are you okay? I just put it in the chat. I thought that she talked about using the social tenure domain model to negotiate for communities that they should be, they should have their drainage upgraded rather than being relocated and that was something that they use their mapping to do. Wonderful. Well, thank you very much to everybody for you to all of you for your participation for your, your time and attention today. It's been for me it's been a really fascinating discussion. I think at the beginning we were we were setting ourselves the challenge of seeing how that's kind of how innovation can be stimulated in terms of climate adaptation through collecting lots of different tools that we've heard about for community driven data and how that is crucial to this kind of innovation and adaptation at the local level. We've heard about a range of different tools that people have been using. We've heard about lots of mapping, digital tools, a blending of kind of on the ground things with with with digital information. We've, we've also heard about how organized communities, why that's really going to be important in terms of the future of community based adaptation out the future is urban. Many of our cities in the development, many of our cities are informal with large percentages of the population facing some massive kind of climate risks and increasing risks. We need to harness the innovation that comes from real time community driven data and resources but not only that that data needs to be owned by and held by communities so that it can be used in in the very best way to stimulate that adaptation. There can be challenges in taking that information in taking that process up and scaling it up but we need to get over the point that we don't need to prove this time and again at the city level. This should become part of the mainstream way in which larger scale funds can be disseminated and trickled down to the to the community levels so they can help to support the kinds of actions that the communities know will have the biggest impact in helping them to adapt. We need to make sure that we don't over professionalize an issue which communities know at at their own at their own level. So I think it leaves me just to pass back very briefly and we're sure if you would like to say any any final words as as we close and thank people everybody for their participation in particular the everybody who's shared their stories today and been part of making this session work which it's been it's been great to hear your voices from all over the world. Thank you Lucy. And I think it was a very enriching discussion both in the plenary we heard from our different NGO and your practitioners and also the grassroots leader bringing in some of the interesting insights of their work. And also we we are hearing some of the very useful conversations from the breakout groups I know the time was very short but I hope we continue having communication and interaction and how better to strengthen community research process. So thank you everyone and thank you for joining us for this session today.