 Let's pray and it's just kind of this time in the God's hand Father we thank you for this for this day. We thank you for this time Lord but even as we We've been learning about life skills and communication and how to be effective communicators Lord I pray that even as you called each one of us Lord to communicate the gospel and to communicate the truth Lord, I pray that what we learn Lord will be useful and it'll be used for Not for the extension of your kingdom father God, and I just pray that each one of us Lord will be able to sharpen our skills a little more and Find out what needs to be done and carry that out in our own lives for the God so that we can do things effectively and for your glory That we will understand people a little more better Lord with all the skills that we That we are upgrading ourselves with Lord. We thank you and we ask that you would teach us That you would show us Lord and Spirit of God God even as you Lord imparted so many different skills Lord, right? We as we see in scripture God We pray that you will impart this skill as well to us. We thank you We give you all the praise and glory in Jesus matchless name. We pray amen Okay so last class we looked at interpersonal communication and We looked at several aspects of communication right, so Ken Anybody share what what is it? Maybe each person can Share about what is it that you took away? You know from last class What is that that you remembered and what is a learning that you took away from last class? Anyone anything specifically related to communication that That's a Stephen yeah, yeah It's just one point like how poor communication affects Relationship Just that one. Yeah. Yeah, so how poor communication Results and breakdown of you know relationship Be it official or personal Right, right Yeah, so so very true and so very significant because You know since it affects relationship Lack of communication or poor communication, you know, it destroys that so so yeah So the importance of good communication. Yes Anyone else? Yes, different kinds of communication skills and also principle of communication So listening also one part of that when someone needs to speak to me Yeah, yeah Yeah, so we saw that communication is two ways It's not just one person downloading or dumping, you know, what I know what I'm saying You know just dumping that it's it's actually two ways. So So the other person is listening Taking time to receive whatever is being communicated And also, you know, the The other the person who's communicating or sharing information also taking time to listen to the other person in order to understand Better, you know, what is the person asking and what is the person saying? so that we understand and The next sharing of information would be even better because you understood What they need of the other person was and understood the query and so you're able to you know satisfy that With our communication with the sharing of information. So yeah So we looked at it as two ways and also the importance of listening like Kiran said and today in fact, we're going to look at a lot more spends some more time on Listening and why listening is important and how to be a effective listener and some of the barriers, right? Which come in the way of listening effectively Yeah Anyone else else maybe just one more person What was your takeaway? From last class anyone else Okay Okay, so what did you learn about verbal and non-verbal communication? anyone do you remember that we looked at verbal communication and we also looked at what is You know not spoken But it's at the same time. You are still communicating So any anything on that? that you remember verbal non-verbal Anyone can and said Thomas Dave Anything that you recall about verbal and non-verbal communication the importance of that Verbal is using the means of speech. Yes, what you speak what you Yeah, that's true And what about non-verbal is non-verbal communication? Is it effective non-verbal includes facial expression body language etc. Yes, non-verbal is more like actions. Yes That's true So we realize that Yeah, an expression so we realize that you know if verbal communication and I'm sorry verbal is not in sync with the non-verbal then or you know in other words like if I say something but my Facial expression or my gesture Is not in line with that, right? I'm saying something which is very very I'm giving a message maybe like an invitation or something but my Body language my facial expression is not friendly enough or No, it's it's giving us certain. It's a different message altogether Then there's a mismatch, right? I'm saying welcome but My body language is different. You know, I'm it's not welcoming. You know, I'm like saying welcome I'm you know probably crossed my hands and my tone of my voice There is no smile on my face then even if I say welcome Yes, I'm so glad that you are here. You know it Conveyes a different meaning altogether right the message Even though the words are welcome. We glad you're here But the non-verbal message that is going out is there's something else something different and many times non-verbal speaks louder right and So we need to To be effective communicators. We need to ensure that Not saying that you need to be You know be an actor and you don't do all those things but but really To make sure that the verbal and non-verbal now go hand in hand And it's authentic. It's real really mean it from your heart, right? Okay, so okay So we looked at all all that last last And I just want to encourage you to you know go through your notes also, you know once you finish the class Maybe during the week. It's just one week once a week, right? So you can just go through the notes and that will help you to kind of reinforce whatever we learnt in class Okay, of course now the videos are also available so you can go through that Okay, so today we're gonna look at listening skills or listening ability. Okay, so The ability to receive information understand information, you know comprehend it and And and and do that well. Okay, so listening skill now If I don't listen effectively then I cannot communicate effectively it affects my communication why because here I am down Downloading some information upon you and I'm not taking time to Understand what your actual need is Right, so maybe it it could be it could be in different scenarios It could be an accounting scenario It could be it could be a professional setting where you're with a client or with a customer It could be a ministry setting where you're you know listening to the needs of a person You know, maybe as a pastor or as a as a leader or it could be You know Leadership setting like maybe you're a team leader or you know and and you're not listening effectively listening actively and that is Causing certain Blocks in communication. Okay, so so first off Let's try to understand. So what is the difference between hearing and listening? Okay Anyone Okay, I'll just put it on the chat here hearing Versus listening is there a difference are there similarities? What do you think? Hearing and listening. What is hearing? What is listening? Anyone? What does it mean to hear? Can all of you hear me? Yeah, so so okay Dave so hearing is to be able to know the sensation of sound Okay, so hearing is is more mechanical. It's okay. It's auditory function where if your Organ of hearing is functioning properly, you're able to hear the sound that is being made, right? You're able to hear the speech everything so You're able to receive that information but listening It's a little different because we hear and we also making some effort in order to understand what is being said in order to Comprehend what is being said so that would be the key differentiator between you know Hearing and listening so listening would involve us focusing on Whoever's speaking Right. We're not turning away Because if it's just hearing we can just turn away and walk around I can just hearing the sound. Yeah, it's loud. It's soft and so on but We are focusing on the on the one who's a speaker and we are concentrating and they're putting in some effort in order to understand Make sense of what is the message that is being said you're paying attention and You're in doing so we are receiving a lot of information, right? We are the the non-verbal cues we are receiving and that the emotion of how What has been conveyed that is also something that we are receiving right so so Listening is a very active Process It's very active it involves effort That is why you know listening can be tiring Okay So you're listening you're because you're putting in a lot of effort You're focusing you're using your your mind You're you know Understanding what is being said so it can be you know tiring, right? And that is why you know, maybe even after classes, right? three-hour three hours and You feel a little tired. Okay, you want to You know take a stretch and take a break and so on so it's because it takes effort You're using up energy in order to listen so It takes focus it takes concentration and you do that. It's a very active process and therefore This phrase active listening is used in order to describe the process of Effective listening no active listening where you're involved in Receiving that information. Okay, so, you know, there's a lot of research and people say that And if you if you're following in your notes, you're looking at page 22 and you can see that You can see that the diagram which is there so it talks about how 45% is spent listening compared to 30% of speaking, right? So we spend While as adults we spend 70% of our time in in in engaging in some sort of communication 45% of it is spent listening compared to 30% Speaking 16% reading and 9% writing. Okay, so so which means that it is it is a lot. It's quite a bit that we are using In communication and we need to know what's going on and what's going on And we need to do it too well Okay, so why is it important? Why is listening important? Okay, we know that it aids communication, but specifically why is Listening important. Okay, so let's look at that some aspects of it. Okay Well, it is important because we can avoid distractions when we listen in a focused manner We avoid distractions to receiving the message. There could be other things happening and there could be other preconceived notions in our own mind Right about the person about the message, but we we can put all that aside when we and receive the the message In an effective manner Excuse me So to get an accurate understanding So that's the thing to put away distractions to get an accurate understanding of what is the person What is the speaker conveying? What are the views of the speaker? What are the ideas of the speaker? Okay, that'll happen only when we listen effectively and we actively listen Okay And also to critically assess what is being said. So so you okay, you're saying um Okay, this person is saying something now. I need to analyze it Okay, I need to assess it Excuse me. Um, give me a minute. So Sorry about that So, uh, let's say a person is saying something and you want to analyze the content of what is being said Now I cannot do that unless I listen effectively You just think about it, you know, you want to discern you want to analyze you want to come to your conclusion about that But you'd be able to do that only when we, um, you know, listen effectively. Okay Um, and also to observe the non-verbal signals, you know, the person might be saying something but we might miss out We might miss analyze something Okay, and make our own judgments Let's say an interview Okay, so you're the person who's You was interviewing the person and if you're not an effective listener and if you're not, um You know looking out for those Verbal cues and what is being said and how is the person person? Um, what is the person's body language? What is the person gesture if you're not if we are not, you know, receiving all that and not actively listening Then I might come to certain conclusions about that person right, uh Which might be wrong And which might actually the my decision whether to hire someone Whether to not hire someone Will be an impaired decision in the sense it's affected by my ineffective listening Right, so, um, so you see the importance of it, right? I might come to a decision Uh as a leader I might come to a decision as someone who's Uh, you know as uh, who's someone in a leadership position who's you know, who's interviewing someone Uh, the the other side was also true You know, maybe I am being interviewed and the person is asking me something And I might not Answer Effectively, I'm not be able to give this a correct answer if I did not listen You know, I maybe I heard the first line And then I was trying to figure out what to answer and I missed out the rest of the question Right and I begin to just so I might the answer that I give Will not be full and satisfactory to the person who's asking me the question. So that's that's also true So you see all this, uh, is linked to effective listening. Okay, so So and a few others as well So so the thing is this that uh, effective listening requires focus requires concentration Requires us effort from our sides from our side, okay from It is not the same as hearing which can be a little passive, but it's a very active effort Okay, so let's look at Some principles of listening. Okay, so we are Let's say if I want to Upskill or you know make my listening a little better I need to know what are some principles? Okay, now a good listener will listen to not only what is being said, but also what is left Unsaid or what is partially said? Okay, so What is not being said? I need to understand that also um, for example, uh, look at the body language look at some Uh, non-verbal messages and And and then, you know, you what are some expressions? right, um, if suppose somebody is uh, saying or sharing a message which is A happy message, but the tone Is very sad You know, like we were looking at the example like you know, you ask someone how they're doing and they're saying Uh, I'm doing great, but but really their tone Suggests that they are not doing So great, but the words are say words are like i'm doing great And especially, you know, if they have texted that message, you think that they're doing great Right, suppose they sent a text or sms Or what's that message and they're saying i'm doing great You would have thought okay this person is doing great, but Maybe when you're speaking to them face to face they are saying they are doing great But their tone indicates that They are actually sad They are not enthusiastic They are actually sad so so All this, uh, it's it helps us. So let's look at some Let's look at some pointers or some principles of effective listening something to help us to be effective listeners Okay, the first thing is Listen Okay, so first thing is to listen Listen In a focused manner and don't interrupt with your own talking Okay So that's that's something, you know, we Sometimes we You know in our in our we mean it in a sincere way You know, let's say for example, we ask somebody something and then they they are answering and You know, they are searching for words and you complete the sentence. You know, sometimes we do that, right? so we're waiting and then We get a little impatient and they're saying, you know, you know, this is the answer to And then you finish that, you know to that question Right, or this is the way to go to, you know, you finish, you know, you finish that sentence, you know So that is uh, you know, that is not effective listening, right? Which means we need to be patient. We need to let the person speak and not really interrupt Okay, so Sometimes we we the person is speaking And they have not really finished Responding fully Right, they've not even finished the sentence, but we we come across and we we say, you know, our own Our own thoughts, okay, you know, but actually, you know, this is what happened or something like that Which means that we have not been listening Right, we have been thinking about what can I say next and we say that right, so So which means that we need to Listen, we need to stop Interrupting With our thoughts our ideas and let the other person Speak, you know mark twain's Come Court it's very, uh, you know, it's really significant. It's really Uh Brings that out. You're saying If we were supposed to talk more than we listen, we would have two tongues and one year The bible also talks about that right and in the james chapter one. We see that um, I think that references Let me read that first Okay, james one and verse 19 So then my beloved brethren, let every man be swift to hear slow to speak slow to Be quick to hear and that word here there Use there means to to actually understand To to comprehend Which is listening right so slow Slow to speak slow to wrath About quick to listen right, okay, so how can I Prepare okay, second thing is to first thing we saw. Okay, don't interrupt Um, don't share your own don't complete the sentences for the person let the person speak The second thing is prepare to listen, which means you relax Like sometimes we can be distracted by other things put all those distractions away You make up your mind. Okay. I'm going to listen to this person now You make up your mind and say, okay, all distracting thoughts all interrupting thoughts I'm going to put it away. I'm not going to think about those things. I'll deal with it later But here's this person in front of me and I'm going to Give my full attention and so so you you Uh, make up your mind to listen Okay, so there will be other interrupt interruptions like okay, maybe your phone ringing Maybe you need to put your phone on silent. Maybe you need to you know, Switch off those notifications. Maybe you need to maybe, you know turn your phone And put it face down Right, so you don't see what's coming up on the screen. Sometimes we need to do those things right the other thing is to Make the other person feel free. Don't intimidate that person Uh, encourage that person to speak, you know And sometimes what would help is when we look at the person when we nod our heads The person says, uh, you know today. I just thought I should share with you some difficulties that I'm going through And we can go on and yes Yeah, just tell me right so so the person feels encouraged to share Right, so suppose that person says, you know, I just felt that I Want to talk about some difficulties and then you're looking at your phone. Um, yeah, yeah, tell me What are you saying? And the person knows that you're not interested right just even your You're saying okay. Just tell me Indicate to the person that You're not giving them that importance And sometimes we do that with family Right most times we do it with them Either we're talking to our spouse or you talk to the kids and and you know, you're just doing this and tell me Yeah, what do you want? and and you know that Uh, that is not that is not helping so they are you're sending the Non-verbal message that whatever you're saying It's not that important Right now the work that I'm doing the texting that I'm doing now that is important Important than what you have to tell me so we learn to put this away You know, this is of course it is important work and etc. But then When we have these conversations, right put this away and say okay now I'm going to Give full attention, okay look into their eyes and and So that they know that okay this person is attentive and wants to speak Okay, maybe You know you need to put away certain things like if you're in an office situation, you know, they could be They could be loose paper. There could be stuff, you know So don't don't start arranging those things as you're speaking Like putting those things away, you know arranging books arranging things Um, you know just focus on the person. Okay. What happens is, you know, different people speak at a different rate Of speech right some people might speak very rapidly And get their views across some people might take their time And it might be very uh You might find it very impatient, especially if you're a person Who's used to you know doing things and and you're like, when will this person finish? Hey, the person is taking their own time and they're saying and there's a long pause and You know they I just thought I should tell you and and you know Just waiting. Oh man. So if you start, you know, like on the table if you're doing that That means that you're impatient, right? You're giving out the message, you know If you're drumming on the table with your fingers Or if you're looking here and there and you're looking outside the window Or you're shaking your leg You know fidgeting with something and you're doing that and then, you know, you know that The person you're sending out a message that you know, you're getting distracted Or you're looking behind that person's back, you know Behind that person So don't do that, right? If a person is slow to speak or maybe if they are pausing we need to Give them that time, you know, sometimes I I think I'm guilty of that, you know, I try to finish their sentence and So I'm just learning to be a good listener Sometimes I finish their sentence and I'm I'm impatient. I'm trying to help them like with with the ideas with thoughts And that's not really helping actually It's distracting them from what they want to share and sometimes they get influenced by that and say things that they don't want to say also Right, so we're not Being good listeners and we're not getting the actual truth The actual message of what that person wants to convey Okay, so um So yeah, so these are some things that to look at for avoid personal prejudice because of persons The way whatever they are dressing Maybe their mannerism You know, don't come to certain conclusions. Oh people with long hair. They are like this or people with You know Piercings body piercings people with tattoos. They are like this. Don't Let that influence you don't bring your personal prejudice And influence you so that that shuts down whatever they are trying to say, right? Um, so let it not distract you listen to the tone Very important You know, you're hearing a message What is the tone of their voice? Okay, is it um, is it a happy tone? Are they excited? Are they not excited? Are they sad? Are they agitated? fearful Right, all that is conveyed In the tone of their voice, right? Right, for example, if I'm if I'm using this kind of tone Like you hear my voice and I'm saying, I'm saying, you know, I'm really excited about what is happening right now That's a very excited tone. But at the same time if I say, you know, I am I'm really excited about what is happening And that's not a really excited tone. You know, that's that's like Low on energy and and so on. So what is the tone? Like, uh, is that person agitated angry? Or is the tone really conveying, you know, uh, what the message is so, uh Observe the tone listen to the tone, right? So You understand, okay, what is that person saying? What is the emphasis of what is being said? All that comes from the tone. Okay Then the other thing is To listen for ideas and not just the whole not just the words. Okay. So what is that? Okay um Because when people Now this is very subjective, of course um you know people are conveying certain informations in some information is being conveyed but It is in bits and pieces Right, it's bits and pieces maybe because the person is agitated. Maybe the person is angry They are conveying something And in the words, you're not getting the full picture Right in the words that they're saying, you know That's they're not conveying through what they're not being articulate But we who are listening Will be able to put it together based on the tone based on their Their expressions And the words that they are using so that would help us Get the full picture Right um And of course they were able, uh, I mean they are gestures and facial expressions and everything Eye movements also, you know would help Get the clear picture. Okay. Now, um Now there is something called a hurrier A hurrier model of listening. Okay. Now each This is uh developed by someone in Cornell University Judy Browner It's it's helpful to remember and to to understand. So let's let's look at that You know H-U-R-I-E-R each letter It's an acronym. So each letter talks about something something. So the first one H is hearing Okay, so It refers to the physical act of hearing. Okay, so make sure that you're hearing everything you're picking up everything On what the word is on the what words are being said and also other things, right? You understand Okay, understand what is heard. Okay, maybe there are some things that are being said that you don't understand You know make an attempt to understand uh Our stands for remembering. Okay. Sometimes what happens is uh, the person starts to say something and you've forgotten, you know this happens typically uh You know when a person gives too much information um Maybe about an introduction or about themselves And you uh, I'm sure you you had that experience where at the end of that particular line You've forgotten what? Maybe it's an introduction about themselves. You've forgotten the name of the person Right because you your mind drifted off and you looked at And you were thinking about what that person said what the person was doing and you forgot the name of the person And uh, you had to go back and you know ask them again. So I'm sorry What did you say your name was? Right, um, which is just good. We could do that. But the thing is that your main mind Trailed off and you forgot to actually remember the name of the person, right? So Our stands for remember. I uh, is interpreting Okay interpreting based on what the tone and everything interpret the message uh, e is evaluate Okay, evaluate what is being interpreted don't jump to conclusions about what is being said interpret it correctly And uh, e uh is into evaluate and R is respond Okay, so our response Helps in communication like where you can clarify Maybe a person says something and um our response to that could be to ask a question In order to clarify what is being said. So you're saying that um, let me just understand a little better So you're saying that, you know, is this what you're saying? Right, you're saying that you will meet me at this place at 10 o'clock. Right. So the person says no No, I didn't say that I said, you know, I'll your call at 10 o'clock. So you've clarified Um based on your response. Okay, so h u r i e r Uh, a hiria model is um is easy And to do this right So that is that is what we see. So there are some barriers to effective communication. Um, so Yeah, let me just look at it. Just give me a second one second one of the barriers is of course, um, you know being distracted Uh, we looked at it earlier, but it's something that we need to uh work on consciously being distracted by the person being distracted by Maybe what the person is, you know person said by their mannerisms So we forget or we lose out on what the person is saying, you know, um, so One of the things is to put that aside. Okay, maybe you notice it initially itself that the person has some kind of a distracting mannerism Okay, um, maybe in the way he or she repeats certain words Like for example, somebody might say You know, you know, you know, you know after every sentence or This is what they say like or you know, they use the word like or you know Which can be distracting You know, they're saying, you know, my you know, I went there and you know, I did this, you know, I and And you find that so maybe irritating That we miss out on what is being said Right. So to be a effective listener is to put away all these distracting Manorisms of people. Um, that would really help us, right? Okay, and also, um, uh The other thing is also about the rate of speech. Okay rate of speech. Some people speak very fast um, especially if they're excited and And some people take their time to speak to communicate So They might take a long long time to finish a sentence So especially during such times it's We can drift off We can drift off we can we start thinking about certain things What you need to do maybe after this Uh, etc. And then suddenly you realize that Oh, I didn't pay attention to anything that was said And now I have to respond, right? And I think in today's day and time When you have these zoom meetings and you have these online things, you know, that's the danger, right? Okay, so this Saying I could relate to that. Yeah, if the person is speaking slow and you know, yeah and also, you know when it comes to online meetings that whole thing Zoom call something and then you know that the person can't You know, you've got other screens open and you start, okay Let this meeting happen. I'll finish this I'll finish this person. I'll finish this email And you're very happily you're doing that And suddenly somebody asks you a question And uh, and your response is, um, yeah, can you just Ask that question again? Can you just repeat that question? I didn't get that but the fact is that you didn't get anything that was said, right? Uh, and you completely You're in the dark. Okay, so distractions These are things that can be barriers rate of speech This tries a barrier. Okay. Um Okay, um The other thing is, um What can be a barrier is our own body language Okay, so What can be a barrier to listening is our own body language in the sense you can easily Show or tell the person that we are Not interested because of our body language right, um, because, uh Uh, our body language could be very very defensive. You know, you're closed or you're like that Or you're turning your face away Because you're not interested even though you're saying Yeah, tell me something but you're you're not even looking at that person So that will be a barrier to the person To communicate further. So that again becomes a uh barrier Right, so our body language becomes a barrier for the person to open up and share and uh, You know, plea for people who are in ministry if you're in, uh, you know, let's say, um, your pastoral role or a counseling role It's it's so so important for us to learn to be effective listeners And uh, you know, I don't know if it's a if it's a if it's a case with men But really, uh, you want to solve right? As a person somebody's sharing information you want to solve that problem And the minute they start sharing your Thinking of you know solutions one two three. This is what that person should do But we are not really listening to what they are saying. Okay We're not really empathizing what they're saying. We're trying to solve so much the thinking of solutions that We're not really listening and we are, you know, and and the solutions can be great Or the solutions can be a complete mismatch because we have not listened to the whole um Whole problem what is being conveyed? Like we're not listening to that. So whatever we are suggesting You know can be a mismatch And it can be as serious as that whatever advice you're giving whatever solution you're Putting forth we are putting forth can be a mismatch to that because we have not listened fully you're not listened actively okay, so So So I just want to ask you, you know, how many of you think they're that you are good listeners You know, this is something that I need to work on You know personally for me Listening is something that I really need really need to work on because I can You know, my mind sometimes wonders and thinking of solutions all those things Um, so what about you on a scale of one to ten? How would you rate yourself as a listener? You know one is very poor 10 is very good Okay, seven Okay, even I just need your score. How would you rate yourself on a scale of one to ten? uh as a listener Thomas eight okay Kiran five Kanan 5.5. Where is the point five coming from? Okay, Aaron is six Dave is seven uh five maybe Okay Yeah Okay, so all of us, uh, I think we um We need to work on this area because many times we we think of communication as only speaking Right, and I told you that example of how in a group discussion for this for this management course Since it was it was part of a Admission process that everybody wanted to convey something and make themselves To be heard and so that the people will take notice of what they had to say And so everybody was speaking nobody was listening, right? Nobody was Listening to the other person. They just just going bang bang And and that can happen and if You know, it's a serious thing, you know, really because it can come across as something that is very very rude See, I think all of us we will deal with people Right at some point or the other We will deal with people and we will be um leading people You know, if we are not doing that already um If we are not effective listeners, we will be Seen as people who are rude Though though that is not the intention, you know, we will be seen as people who are rude because we are not Actually giving people importance to listen Right, we will be seen as people who are Not that effective very You know We'll be seen as people that Who who don't have the capacity to maybe Things fully we'll be seen as people who do not understand problems fully Right So That's another thing. That's another danger if we are not listening fully Listening effectively be seen as people who are You know, don't have that capacity Maybe even to solve because we are not listening, right? So apart from the fact that okay seen as rude, you know You know seen as people who don't have the capability to do some things Um and and over a period of time what will happen is that people will stop sharing information Right, you ask and people because people will think, you know, what's the point anyway He's not going to listen to what I have to say He's just going to share his own thoughts his own ideas. He's going to interrupt me So might as well, you know, not share it Over a period of time, you know, that will happen and you don't want that to happen Right, you want feedback from people you want people to share You want people to You know to communicate you don't want to break down in The professional relationship. You don't want to break down in, you know, like in a family Kind of relationship. You don't want to break down on that. Right. So so the importance of listening skills, so maybe this week, you know, you can take time to Try that out. Okay, how can I listen without Getting distracted By the person's appearance, person's mannerism and person's usage of language, etc How can I listen Without interrupting them frequently With my own thoughts my own ideas and how to listen to them fully till they are finished till they are done Okay, so Not being Impatient. Okay, so so let's try it out. Let's try that out. Okay, so we will go one notch and better our scores Right, seven can go to eight to nine five can go to seven maybe so and keep moving that direction. Right Okay, so we'll stop here Get back next class all the best and for your effective listening Okay, you take Thank you, sir You