 The potential use of satellite-observed nighttime lights for estimating carbon dioxide, CO2, emissions has been demonstrated in several previous studies. However, the procedures for creating a global map of fossil fuel, CO2 emissions based on nighttime lights are still in the developmental phase. We have reported on the development of a method for mapping distributed fossil fuel, CO2 emissions, excluding electric power utilities, at one kilometer resolution using nighttime lights data collected by the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's operational Linescan System, DMSPOLS. A regression model, Model 1, was initially developed based on carbon emissions from five sectors of the Vulcan data produced by the Purdue University and a nighttime satellite image of the United States. This model resulted in underestimated CO2 emissions for most of the world's countries and states of the United States. Therefore, a second model, Model 2, was developed by allocating the distributed CO2 emissions, excluding emissions from utilities, using a combination of DMSPOLS nighttime image and population count data from the United States Department of Energies, DOE, Landscan Grid. This article was authored by Benjamin T. Tuttle, Daniel Ziskin, Kimberly E. Baugh, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.