 if we say the three stages, why the three stages, क्या दो भी हो सकती है, एक भी हो सकती है, जज्यादा, actually these are the three natural stages of a production process. और वो three natural stages of production process को अगर हम देके हैं, so if we look at the three natural stages of production process, तो इसके बहीं शब़ी है हमारे पास जो अस्पक्स काम कर हैं, वो क्या है, को है, ला अप वेर्ढिबल प्रोपोष्यन, और लाअप द्मिंशिंग, मरजनल, प्रदुड़िवीती आप दा और अप इन्पोथ, so when we deal with these two and at the same time we have to utilize other fixed factors, आज और जोगतरा लगता, लोगतरग। नब जब दागताई बश्ँदा नेमा, उपना देरणाला हरदे अपना है। श्द 나क ज़ाई ज़ाई वग मान शोगता यों जो तरहाता दोffer मैं। तुमबहे आवार कि मर्हँत क्रोली, whom you use for a今 कयवार, than कई catalelo of one column again in the column तुमबहे आवार, that. after all the three havens我就 तुम उनने वरії वरियाके उरम मी पूते है that where in the one column like that, अंए तुमबहे आवार कि मुफर्ह clear of the one column, मैं ग़ी ड़ हैं, याしましたा, और मंिकाल omega 1 ठस्त्ते हैं याग possess और मुर向िठाा हे लत कान मुर degree say of the chaîne थि redef visions� और � plu Ин मिल यागर कान में, कि ओग इत मवाच णू, इस косम आँँई, और महो है रह सातनग ड़ी ड़ी मय थीा,लेप�� स्च्लाभ सिल्ठा, should not be changed. So, it does not mean that we have to use only one. We can put any figure here like 5 or the 6 or 10, but that figure that will be utilized in the first instance that will be remained kept constant throughout this production process. Now, when we come to the variable number of the inputs it means now the entrepreneur is going to decide that for this fixed proportion of the acre or there can be other plant of the machinery he is having here zero level of the input at second state he has added one input then again one more than one more so he is adding the variables and with the combination of this fixed and this one variable now there is total physical product so at the start it was zero and then four fourteen and like this when again now we are going to decide that what is the marginal physical productivity that will be decided with the change in this total product so for this change in the total product four for one marginal physical productivity is respective one and keeping in view now this marginal physical product unit what we are going to decide we see that marginal physical productivity it is going to increase and after this twenty it is going to decrease one another thing that we have to see here it does not mean that it is going to shift from twenty to sixteen in a jump there is a possibility that for this increase in the three to four of one unit of labor if we are going to divide in very small number because the labor it cannot be divided if it is a one person we divided it by hours mean for twenty four hours of labor for twelve hours of labor or for eight hours of labor there can be any number in between this that there can be nineteen one there there can be eighteen units or there can be seventeen units so it shouldn't be in your mind that it is just going to buy jump because it is a very continuous process but due to indivisibility of certain inputs we are not going to count for this if this labor is divided in the form of the hours it also will provide us an opportunity to have this type of the product here and after this now we see that the marginal physical productivity it is going to decline and decline and becoming equal to zero so these two these are called the point of inflections mean when there will be the change in the slope and the third stage when marginal physical productivity is negative so from this point of inflection if we say that marginal physical productivity is increasing it gives first phase second marginal physical productivity is decreasing and reaching to zero second phase and now when we contrast up to this point and come to total product we see that there is total product is going to increase and increase and increase when marginal productivity is zero the total productivity is up to maximum point for this change in input or marginal productivity total productivity it remains stagnant so due to this when from 74 to 74 we measured the change in y it was 74 minus 74 divide by change in labor so that was one unit it was zero so this was the another inflection point when the total product was maximum and after that marginal physical productivity is declining and this third stage of marginal physical productivity declining it gives this total product also a declining stage now when it is shown in the form of a graph when we plot again this this is the total response of the total product and this total product point this is the first point of inflection and if we correspond to this the previous table we will see that this was the point of this third and the fourth unit of the labor likewise this third and the fourth unit it shows that now this was the point of inflection when the production started to increase but at decreasing rate so here again total production was increasing here total production was increasing here increasing rate and here at decreasing rate and this increasing and decreasing rate can be defined by taking the further derivative of the marginal physical product or with the second derivative of the total production and this is the third phase when marginal physical productivity it became zero and still here the average productivity is not shown and if hypothetically I will draw it will like this so when marginal physical productivity now it is entering in the third phase of declining then this is the phase where now the entrepreneur has to decide that either it will go on producing and producing but at the decreasing rate and either this will be the feasible form to him or either there will be a plausible decision to stop production up to this point so these are those three stages that an entrepreneur has to face keeping in view the utilization of various inputs with him and he has to decide keeping in view all the information provided to him with the various units of inputs various units of output or the average product and likewise the various combination of the input and average productivity so when we explain these three phases one by one so in the first phase we can say total production is increasing marginal physical productive is increasing average product is also increasing when we come to the second stage total production is increasing but marginal physical product is decreasing and at the same time average physical product will also start certain way declining third stage when total production is declining and marginal physical product is not only declining it is decreasing in the negative phase means it is going below then the zero and these three stages then when we have explained first stage second stage and the third state so one by one when we explain we have various related parameters that gives possibility of various decisions to the entrepreneur so the phase two is actually the phase of diminishing returns and phase one is called the phase of increasing returns so after the second state when we have the third state this stage due to decline in the total product and as well as the negative marginal productivity this phase is called the third phase of the negative returns so any entrepreneur has to must we can say must decide that he will never enter in this phase or he must avoid this negative return state because it will add up only and only in the cost of that total production process and this is not an efficient rather a non-economic non-profit and inefficient phase of the production mostly any rational producer or i can say any rational entrepreneur who is having wise decision capacity and having wise knowledge of the various figures of input and output will be able to best decide that this phase will never has to be adopted