 This study examined the association between cigarette taxes and infant mortality rates globally. It found that increasing cigarette taxes by 10 percentage points was associated with a 2.6 percent decrease in neonatal mortality and a 1.9 percent decrease in infant mortality. This suggests that higher cigarette taxes may reduce infant mortality rates. This article was authored by Marta K. Rado, Anthony A. Laverde, Thomas Hone, and others.