 Goedemorgen, iedereen. En voor de mensen online, ik weet niet welke mensen er online zijn, maar ik denk dat ze in hetzelfde tijdzone zijn als ik. En ik ben niet exact zeker of onze Europese collega's gegaan, maar dan zou dat echt erg tevreden zijn. Mijn naam is Katharine Tjewijschap van Scheldinga. Ik werk in Wageningen Universiteit en Research. Ik denk dat je allemaal meer of meer een beetje bekend bent met Wageningen. En in Wageningen, binnen de zetting daar, ben ik met de environnementale sciences en dan in een team op water en voet. En we doen verschillende soorten werk. Eigenlijk allemaal van modelering, water en voet-related issues naar een soort van science, politie, interface en capaciteit en ontwikkeling. Vandaag hebben we een soort speciaal situatie voor onze Delta Talks om leven te zijn. Dat is een heel mooi ding. Deze venue is ook heel mooi, want ik heb een beetje een kool. Ik vraag ze om de AC uit te switchen. Het is heel vreemd, dus ik denk dat het geweldig was. Ik hoop dat jullie allemaal gevoelig zijn. Kan ik hun handen zien, als je goed bent? Ja, oké. Dank je. En als je houdt, dan klinkt het en we zullen het terug switchen op. En in het meantime, we saving de environnement. En mijn trood, bedankt. Voor onze seizoen vandaag hebben we vier speakers. Ik denk dat we de vier presentaties hebben al op het systeem. Als je presentatie nog niet op het systeem is, dan moet je ervoor zorgen dat het erin komt. En ik zou de eerste speaker, Dr. Buij Tan Yen, willen zeggen. Om ons te weten over de locale onderzoek van klimaatrisken. En om de site-specific adaptatie plan te ontwikkelen met de CSMAP-approach. Ik zal je ervaren en interrompen als je te lang gaat. Is dat oké? By eight minute, I will give you a signal. Good morning everyone. Dank je voor de interromping. Ik ben blij om op de beelden van de onderzoek-team, inclusief collega's van Irie, Woonfisch en Zee Day in Cambodia, te zeggen over onze activiteiten en de IMD-indicitie in Cambodia. De probleem van mijn presentatie vandaag is hoe we de klimaatrische ontwikkelen in Cambodia en connecten met de adaptatie-optie. Next please. Ik wil je wat background informatie geven over de beelden in Cambodia. It's a include full provinces in the southern part of Cambodia, including Tarkel, Kandang, Prey Vieng en Spirien. It's a part of Mekong Delta. It's one of the three major delta in Asia. The main food production in these four provinces is rice. In the area we also see some of cash crop like cassava, maize, vegetable, and other together with some small fish pond for aquaculture. Next please. In the area, particularly, we have some climatrix that we can see clearly from the statistic over 26 years. From the charts on the left hand side, you can see the statistics, so the flood, firestorm, drought, niling, and other. In term of indirect and direct effects, so most severe climatrix in Cambodia, if flood and drought account for 81% and 17% of the effect, then we can also see clearly from the map, the number of common effectors and maps with a very high dark color in the southern part in the study areas that we focus on the AMD. Next please. So we know those climatrix, drought and floods is rather a problem in Cambodia. And how far we study about the climat problem through literature review, we see that there are several studies already done in Cambodia. Implemented by national and also international research institutes. So here we can show some example of the flood research and also drought research in Cambodia. But problem is the risk warning and projection are available, accessible, but not often translated into the already controlled advisory property. So for managers and for policy makers, they hardly can understand the index provided by this study to convert into action. Because not everyone has expertise on climatrix and also in our country. So it's where technically defined without considering specific food products. For example, if you look at the map here, it's a very general index and you do not know what this index is for. Because crops have different tolerance and respond to climatrix. If we do not link the risk with the objects, like a crop or other food product, then very hard to clearly understand the risk. And this is just a fake. The impact of climatrix also vary depend on the retinette of infrastructure and also the farming practice. For example, if you have already the hood preventive system, like irrigation to cope with the drought or dieke system to protect the land from a flood, then the effect is very low. So the one important thing is that we have to evaluate the risk considering the retinettes of the system there of infrastructure and also farming practice. Next, please. Ja, that's why we see that to connect the gap between the scientific study and also understanding and actual option on the ground, we need to know the common understanding of the risk and their effect of to do the food production. Dat's why we need to use a participatory approach. Here, with the participatory approach, we try to answer the question, what is the common understanding of the risk? How do local people define the risk level? Because people are from different expertise and they can understand one thing very differently. What are the potential losses in our control production considering current adoption and so on in practice and retinettes of infrastructure? What are the feasible adaptive plans of the local people considering all of size-specific characteristics in the area? When and where do the adaptive options work well? To do that, we apply one approach we call CSMAP, climate mapping of climatrix and adaptation plan. Next, please. This approach including five steps. The first step, we work with local stakeholders to identify climatrix. The second step, we define the boundary and the risk level using the paper map. The third step, we encourage stakeholders to promote the adaptation plan for a particular area considering the risk level and the potential effect of the risk. The fourth step, we define the adaptation plan en also a climatrix level with a larger group of stakeholders by presenting initial output to exproving each metric to get their feedback on the work. And finally, integrate adaptation plan and also feedback from local stakeholders in the larger context we call it the regional scale. In Cambodia, we merge the map of four purposes that I saw earlier into a thousand Cambodia region for right production. Next, please. So Monty's stakeholder dialogue is a backbone of CSMAP approach. Next, please. For the first step, what is common understanding of the climatrix? We organize the dialogue with the local officer come from the district and also province. We do it in each province in Cambodia. So first, we raise the issue of two mother climatrix, drought and floods and ask them what is their understanding. En we come up with a discussion to define and to find one single definition that everyone can understand and can translate it well. So we do not look at the very technical indicator of flood or drought but we link the effect of climatrix with the losses, potential losses. For example here, if a flood costs 50% of the e-loss it defies a high district and province officer in Cambodia. Next, please. We use a definition and draw the boundary of the area affected potentially affected by flood and drought on the map. We connect to the three main food products. So depending on the province food products can be raised made vegetable cassava sugarcane. And look at the two climate scenarios, the normal year and for the extreme year. We all work at the district level. Next, please. The output of the first step looks like this. We're going to have a different color showing different effect of climatrix, high, moderate, low and no affected. For example the area in the red circle there in the normal year is not affected by floods but in extreme year is convert to some part is to very high risk and some part is low risk. Next, please. We did the same for drought. Also look at the normal and extreme year and how the distribution of the potential effect in both provinces. Next, please. Based on the map of climatrix we work with the local stakeholder from the district to prioritize adaptation measure. So for each small area they can make a table of success of this adaptation measure. For example here is for changing crop calendar, crop tie, crop variety, minus water like canals of water storage, hyper product diversification include livestock fishery, et cetera. Next, please. We then bring the output from the discussion with the district and provincial level to the community in four provinces. So we work with the farmer to verify if the suggestion from the officer is a work in the local context. So farmer including men and women when look at the output, the suggestion of adaptation measure and they suggest what is applicable in the area and what's the effect to the men and women workload. Next, please. Final climatrix map, adaptation plans will look like this. We can have some indicators showing the map and define the distribution of adaptation measure on the area. We already have ZAS map with the own information stored in the map object and we make it available to access online very soon. Next, please. In your output and outcome, I have one more slide. This one. Yeah. Water implemented in four provinces in Cambodia, as I saw, national partners were trained on the approach and can conduct it by themselves later on. The map of the four provinces have been called developed with the government agency en we get a very high interest from the military and have a request to scan out of the AMD study site meaning that it can be applied to other provinces in Cambodia. Next, please. This is my last slide. CS map is a participatory approach so it's not the map. Using CS map can be done in a different level. It can be done in the common metric of which level depends on the purpose. CS map approach is a low cost, easy to implement and can be quickly implemented in the local with a very low input. CS map can translate tricks and adaptation plan into no technical language allowing the wider range of user, for example, policymaker, local authority and also farmers can understand and take action when they have a warning of climatrix. The output of map can be used as a quick reference for developing a short-term adaptive action when they receive the early risk warning for, for example, seasonal forecast. The output of map can also be used to inform the hospital of climatrix for the long-term intervention. Thank you. That's my last slide. Thank you very much, Dr. Buoy, for this very interesting presentation on the CS map approach in Cambodia. We now move on to our second speaker, Dr. Amjad Babu, who will talk to us about advisory. Can I invite you to the speech, to the stage? And is your slide already on the system? Thank you. My name is Amjad Babu. This is my first delta talk and I'll be talking about building farming system resilience through climate services. The example here is Agwaisli. Can you go to the next slide? What you're seeing here is the decision frame of a Bangladeshi farmer. So he's a wheat farmer. And you can see he's planting, he's irrigating, he's applying fertilizers, and he's harvesting. And all of these actions are taking place in interaction with various weather thresholds, which I marked in red. Sometimes there can be rainfall. Or for example, in the flowering stage, there could be a terminal heat stress that can impact the total yield. Or there could be a rainfall at the harvest period that can destroy some of his crops. Or it can be fertilizer application which is washed away because of heavy rainfall. So if you know about these events beforehand, using forecasting, farmer can actually behave in a climate smart way and produce increased output. That means for the same level of inputs, you can see a different level of output for a climate smart farmer. So we have to see that we can provide this information to farmer. We have a system for that. So that's why we need climate information services. And what I need to tell you is the value of each piece of information is different. So you cannot expect that information given to avoid a terminal heat stress will be different from a advice for changing the fertilization date, for example. And another question is why digital? So you can give this information farmers through digital platforms like wisely, but why digital? Because if you, for example, if you have a call center that's calling farmers every day, three hours, if you think about the cost for calling 100,000 farmers or a million farmers, it's too high. So you need a digital platform to inform farmers in advance what kind of climate smart decision he or she can take. In Aguaisli, we have this crop services. Also same thing for livestock and aquaculture. I'll explain to you later. The climate change is making these services more valuable because in a year where there is not much stress, not stress thresholds are broken, it means the information has very less value. So in years where the climate availability is very high, the information is really valuable. So you cannot have the same value for a climate service in a given year. So every year it fluctuates, some years it's so high and climate change is making it more valuable. Can you go to the next slide? No, there'll be another slide before this. Yes, no, no, before that. So next. Okay. So Aguaisli is having, I mean, I will give you some impact numbers for Aguaisli. The Aguaisli application Bangladesh has 10 crops, including all cereal crops, mung bean, mustard and potatoes for all over Bangladesh, for all Uppsala level. That means it's up to the weather forecast included in the Aguaisli system is downscale up to Uppsala. And now the registered users are approximately 8000 extension officers of DAE and we calculate the reach can be up to 500,000 farmers. So it has a really good reach. And now we are with the Asian Megan Lelta project. We have actually added livestock into the system. That means the livestock farmers can also access climate smart information. And once it is scale, it can help thousands or even million of farmers. And it has capacity to provide aquaculture service also, but now it's not, right now not active because we need reference point temperature to predict water temperatures. So Aguaisli has, is using air temperatures and rainfall forecast for crops and the THI temperature humidity index and temperature and rainfall for livestock and water temperatures and rainfall for aquaculture. But to predict water temperatures, we need additional information, especially point reference point temperature plots. We're just not happening right now, but hopefully we can integrate or revive this service soon. Okay, next. Okay, I said, I think there is a missing slide here, but it showed in the face of Aguaisli. So there, you can see that the interface is really simple. So you have this, you have just download the application, select your location and the crop and the stage of the crop, then you will get the advisory. But the backend is very, very, very complex. We are getting gridded forecast data from Bangladesh Meteorological Department. We are downscaling it to Buzila level. Then our system is searching for thresholds. So if there is a threshold in five days of forecast, you will actually see it in the system. And it is, anybody who is opening app can actually share it as a PDF file. Can you go to the next one? So we also did an experiment with women. How can we make it more inclusive for women? So we have, okay, last slide. Okay, can you go to the last slide? This just shows the future plans, yeah. Okay, the future plan is to add the good agriculture practices in the system and also the integrating new source of data. So, yeah, I just have to stop here. Thank you. Thank you very much, Dr. Amdat Babu for your presentation here. Sorry to interrupt you, especially on the slide where the importance of the role of women in your advisory program was mentioned. So we will be following it up and maybe somebody will ask a question later about it, right? Then he still will be able to tell that important part. In light of time, I'm just moving along and I'm very happy to invite Nozomi from the CIP team who will be speaking on breeding innovations on roads and tubers in saline affected areas in the deltas. Nozomi, de floor is yours. Good morning, everyone. I'm too short to stand in this. You cannot see. So I have a microphone here. We will wait for the slide, but we are going to introduce our CIP breeding innovations. Our colleague Ulfgan is here from Peru. He came, so he can also compliment our presentation. So the photos, right side, left side is a West Bengal, potato 0 tillage, growing potatoes, and then the right side is a currently ongoing breeding selection of sweet potatoes. Sohak, please. Next slide, please. We are trying to scaling zero tillage potato in our working area in Southern Delta of Bangladesh and side-by-side SSRI also introducing or scaling this technology in West Bengal. And we are also trying to introduce in Vietnam and Cambodia also. Next slide, please. So usually this is two rice and then fellow in Vietnam, but in Bangladesh while we are working, usually rice fellow, only one crop is growing due to the increase of salinity and lack of irrigation water. Next slide, please. So what we did actually, immediately after rice harvesting, we tried to put the potato in the muddy soil and cover it with a very little amount of organic matter and then cover it with the soil. This is very gender-friendly and women can do this because this is not laborious work. And by this way, they can extend the potato growing in this region and this technology actually input the soil conservation. Our research says that 40% moisture by using zero tillage, they can preserve the soil and increase the soil organic matter and extend the soil potato growing period. So by this way, after rice harvesting, we can get a crop and farmers are happy to introduce this. Next slide, please. En during the harvesting time, we tried to invite the farmers, nearby farmers, to see the yield by their own. And this technology is also very helpful in the salinity area. It is the salinity also. So next slide, please. Next slide. So we actually developed the saline tolerant potato variety. Next slide, please. From the CIP clone, the varieties Barialu 72, 73, and 78. 72 is mainly a highly saline tolerant. It's around 10 days per mole of salinity can tolerate during the harvesting time, not in the planting time. Planting time, they can tolerate up to 3 days salinity level. And the yield is more or less 20 to 25 metric tons per hectare. In the farmers field, ever still we received last year around 15 metric tons per hectare. And the farmers are very much enthusiastic and one to private seed company, supreme seed company, and SCI, they are trying to produce the variety to market and also public sectors like BLEC and Barialu also producing this seeds of this variety. So seeds are available. And we try to introduce this variety in our area. Next slide, please. Goedemorgen en goddings van CIP en Bangladeshi Grigalchai University. So we are doing sweet potato breeding for short duration. I'm grateful to Olga and his team for providing thousands of seeds from nine families bred in CIP. And we germinated them in the laboratory and grew the seedlings in the greenhouse. And finally we took 540 genotypes, selected genotypes in the field. We did four mega experiments including 540 genotypes and check varieties and that three applications that made over 2000 genotypes in an experiment. We did in two seasons in two locations. Then four experiment was conducted and finally we selected 60 genotypes from this experiment. And after subsequent screening, we have now 12 selected genotypes. Next slide, please. So here you see in the borrow season, farmers need 140 to 50 days. But if we can select finally and release the short duration varieties bred in CIP, we can actually provide farmers 90 days varieties and those will be high yielding as well. So next slide, please. So we have now a large different jump legumes in our hand and we have selected finally 12 genotypes. These are high yielding. Most of the genotypes are orange flesh, some of those purple flesh and white flesh as well. And they can provide more than 20 tons per hectare yield. So we are at the final round of selection and I hope we can release three to five genotypes though and two will be orange flesh, high keratin, low keratin and the purple flesh anthocyanin and white flesh genotypes within this year. We have also released a balsuit potato 5 last year that can give up to 35 to 40 ton yield potentially. And the farmers field we are getting to 25 to 30 tons yield. So this is also a very high yielding variety. Yeah, and it can be also grown in the round here, but high yield is obtained in the early season. Next slide, please. No, Jomi. Well, main challenge is seed systems for sweet potatoes. You can cut the vines and plant, but for potatoes we have to carry tons of potatoes from the northern highland to the Bengal Delta regions where they don't grow potatoes. So innovation can be using the ethical roots cuttings of the nursery of potatoes that can save cost and create income opportunities for women and also reduce the risk of diseases. So, but we haven't tried this technology in the Delta region and in the zero-tillage context. So this next cropping season with collaboration with Yuli and CSRI, we will try this one in West Bengal. So we still have time, right? Yes. Okay, so Ulfga, you will speak about seed potato breeding. Next slide, please. No, I'm good. My slides are over there on my computer. So, regarding innovations, I want to mention something that in sweet potato, as everyone here in the audience should know, sweet potatoes propagated by wine cuttings to 95%. Soms, cuttings are coming from stored storage roots over the winter, for example, in North Carolina. So, but it is so sweet potato is not planted as true seed. So it's very tiny, small, true seed. En one innovation, I think over the past decade and implemented in Africa, is that we use the principles of hybrid breeding to sweet potato. This sounds strange. Please, there are not many breeders here, I assume. Perhaps we are only two. En it is so to apply the principles and then to produce what they call it in maize population hybrids. So these are, is for sweet potato in intermediate product. You have a population which is principle extracted from your original population and this is an elite population. And this is sent out as true seed. And what everyone should know here is this by true seed, you have no virus transmission. So all the restrictions, it is much easier to send genetic gains out to the world by true seed. But then locally, you need good partners as Robin here who are locally then within this elite population selecting. So it's not random, it is you have selected an elite population on basis of the offspring, as a parental offspring information. And this is an elite family for very short duration orange flesh en other potential attributes within sweet potato such as rod, heat or salimi tolerance. This is an innovation and with this here, we are getting very close to select, also to release the first hybrid clone variety. It's very difficult. There are grain crops hybrids, but there can be also clone crop hybrids. And this is one. And I think we are very short to release the first one for 90 days harvest. This is also an attribute in hybrids. They are faster than the traditional varieties. Ja, thank you very much. Can I have a big hand for this whole team? With four speakers managed within the time compliments. OK. I go back to the list. We are doing well on time and we have one more interesting presentation to go. Can I invite speaker number four on Khmer agriculture for the future? Jim Thieta-Mark from Impact Hub. Right? Please. OK, so good morning, everyone. I'm a little bit different from everyone else. I'm not a researcher nor I'm from like agriculture background. Actually from an entrepreneurship background where what I'm working at is focusing on supporting entrepreneurs, supporting startups in Cambodia to be more equipped in terms of like building their own startups and building their own business as well. So again, introducing myself a bit. My name is Amatek, a fun fact. It means immortal in my language just for your informations. And I'm actually quite honored and happy to be here to listen to a lot of great minds. I believe I'm the youngest one here, I believe. So being here, listening to a lot of great minds and insights and innovations happening en being researched by a lot of people from different backgrounds, it really opens up a lot of ideas and a lot of innovations that can happen as well. So if you can go on to my slide, I have some shoe informations that I want to share as well. So I don't have a research projects or innovations happening, but we put a program with the support from Erie from Cambodia and the program is called Dat Nam. So what the program is about, I'll share a little bit later, but I'll share with you some interesting insights first. So may you go on to the next slide. So these are some of the informations and data that I would like to share a little bit. So in Cambodia, there's like 75% of the populations are living in rural areas, not in the capital city or in the big city area. And 35% of those, the labors that we have, involved in agriculture. So what does that mean? We are heavily involved in agriculture, but however, we have a lot of problems with agriculture every day as well. So some of the problems that we found out as well is that may you go on to the next slide. So the problem that we found out is that most of the agriculture practices that are being implemented in Cambodia is nowadays still using traditional methods. And at the same time, we have problems accessing to market because there's a lot of importations of vegetables and other products from outside of the countries. And another problem that we found out as well is that there is an ageing populations of farmers. Most of the labor force and also like the populations who are very young, who are in their youth, they are not interested or are not involved in agriculture, which is one of our big economic contribution as well. So we come over to the questions. May you go on to the next slide. We come over to the question, so what happens or how do we inspire the next generations of youth to be interested in solving agriculture challenge using innovation and entrepreneurship altogether? So we come up with a program called... Can you go on to the next slide? We call it Adam Innovator for Resilient Agriculture and this is a startup program. We plan to instill young people's mind with entrepreneurial mindsets and at the same time teach them about climate resilient agriculture practices. And what the program works or how does it work is that we first we ideate their ideas with a hackathon en dan we push their ideas further with a business incubation and then at the end of the day, we hope to launch their business into the next stage and business or service into the next stage as well. So if you go on to the next stage. So the area of focuses that we are focusing on and mainly on agriculture, renewable energies, climate smart past, agree by product processing, water efficient irrigation and also like many others like agricultural machinery as well. So these are some of the areas that we would love the participants, specifically youth to join and come up with some ideas regarding this and make it into like a startup ideas as well. Next slide. So, like I mentioned, it follows so many, it follows like a few steps. First we do like a hackathon where we bring all of the youth from different backgrounds all together. And then afterwards we will like come some teams to go on to the next stage which is the masterclass and mentoring. If you go on to the next slide. So we will train them further. We will equip them with more business trainings and also like capacity building in order for them to be able to launch their own startup afterwards. At the same time, we also provide some field trips for the next slide. We provide them some field trips for them to understand a little bit further into like the ecosystem, how to best work with farmers, how to best work in this industry. And next, we go on to like a demo day where the participants comes up and they share about their findings and also like their progress so far throughout their whole journey as well. And last but not least, we don't just leave them there, we provide post-programma support as well. So we try to make sure that hey, they got enough support, they know what to do, they have the network, they have the product launch. These are what we're gonna support them after the program end as well. So may you go on to the next slide. Okay, next one. Okay, so these interestingly will come in here. We just arrived our hackathon. It was a three days hackathon. We bring juice from different backgrounds altogether, like from agriculture, from technologies, from business, from marketing, both kinds of backgrounds from different places called come together. And then we put them into a room where they work on ideas related to climate resilient agriculture. And when we had a lot of sharing, we had a lot of ideations and may you go on to the next slide. And most of the participants, like more than 60% of them are females en all of them are juice under the age of 30. So this is an interesting insights that we found is that a lot of juice are interested in agriculture and that coming together, bringing them all here together, shows a really, really good science of hey, this is the next stage going forward. This is the next step going forward, is equipping juice with the knowledge and at the same time with the skills in order to make sure that this can happen as well. So if you go on to the next stage. So these are just some of the prototypes and also like some of the startup ideas that they had come up with. So one of the teams, they did an AI chatbot to help farmers to identify the disease on the leaf of the crops. For example, if you put a picture of what the disease on the crop is, it will show like a text saying like what it is. But at the same time, we understand the problem that hey, farmers cannot read. Some of the farmers cannot read. Some of the farmers cannot understand any of this. So they did implement a voice chat where it automatically tells the farmers like hey, this is what disease it is and how it works. Telegram is very big in Cambodia and everyone pretty much has a telegram. So this solved their problem as well. And some of the other teams, they come up with the idea of bringing like nano tech into implementing nano tech into like liquid fertilizer. Make sure that the yields can produce more and also like the effect of it can also make it more effective for the crops as well. So again, these are just some ideas that just come up from a three days hackathon and what could happen if we have more of this and what could have happened if we have more of this youth coming together and build something like this as well. So we have some of our teams who are selected to join the next stage of the intubation program and we will help support them further to make sure that they actually launch this product outside into the market as well. So just a final closing remark, we'll go on to the next slide. So again, the future of my agriculture relied on youth and this is what we want to do and this is what we want to implement and make it scale even further in Cambodia as well. So thank you. Thank you very much Mr. Tita Matak for this very interesting presentation. This shows us again that for making change we do not only need the researchers, right? We need many type of activities and all together, all the presentations together show us how we have different type of activities that together in a way are making the change. We are having some time for questions. So I'm asking the speakers of all the four presentations. Can you please come in the front here on the stage so that we can take some questions and then we can have all four team three of four. You can come all. I'm that Babu, Dr. Bruni, Mr. Tita Matak. He's doing his business. He's exchanging cards. Very good. You will be joining us too. I saw a hand. I need an extra hand held microphone. Yes, I'm first taking the question. Als ik meer hand kan zien, dan zal ik nog vragen. Ik denk dat het voor jou is. Mijn vraag is voor de CSMAP. Als de mensen daar zijn, zet je je naam. Sorry, mijn naam is Mike Acosta en ik ben van World Fish. Ik ben de directeur van het land, Milma. Mijn vraag is over de CSMAP-presentatie. En een van jouw slijden showed de tunnelis app lake en de fact dat er is een extensieve floodpulse en ook de fact dat in de drouwseason er is no drought around the lake, presumably because of the residual water from the flood. So my question is, what percentage of the farmers who worked with noticed or commented that flood is beneficial? OK, thank you for the question. I'm taking some more question before coming to you with the answer. There is a question here. Thank you, Catherine. My name is Mila, I'm from the International ICS Institute in Bangladesh. My question is for the CLP team. Did you mention that the potato and sweet potato can implement 10 years and 10 years per meter? I'm glad that the potatoes and sweet potatoes and the mass consumption is not a problem. That's true. But we've got eight to ten years per meter. That's a great potential for the coastal zone, I believe. So we're going to experience it in the international time versus more than eight years per meter. Very interesting question, too. Thank you. It gives you time to sing, right? Thank you very much for very interesting presentations. I'm Deepa Joshi from EMEI. I have two questions. The first one to Amjad Babu. I think digital innovations are really important for Bangladesh for re-energizing the access sector. But at the same time our study done last year on digital innovations initiative shows that there is a big gender divide. And there is also a big internet connectivity divide, which is very much related to poverty. So how do you intend to address these issues? Do you see that emerging in your work? The next question to our youngest presenter. Very dynamic. I loved your presentation. I wanted to say that when you talked about taking on youth, there's also amongst youth a big issue of more connected, wealthier youth who have the access perhaps to hackathons like these, en urban, more regionalized youth who don't have such opportunities. And it's very important, I think, when you're talking of youth entrepreneurship and opportunities for youth to address this social divide. How do you intend to do that? Thank you very much to very interesting questions. Okay, now you all got questions. I will take three more questions and then I come back to you. One in the back there, then I come to you and then I come to you. So in the back, is the microphone with you? Yes, please. Yes, please. I am Fimo from Wageningen University Research. My question is to Dr. Babu. Very nice presentation, excellent and very interesting work. I was looking at your app. I have two questions. One, you said you downscaled the forecast of BMD. I would like to know how it's being done. And the second thing is in the forecast, I see that there is forecast for weather. I would like to know whether you would like to incorporate like water levels and salinity levels in there, if it's possible, and give bulletins to the farmers. Thank you very much for that question. Then we come to the question up front here. Good morning. Good morning speakers. And my name, Max etude. I'm from Cambodia, well-fished Cambodia. I have two questions. I want to one go to colleague from Vietnam. The CS mapping is interesting and officially important, especially full security for Cambodia. 80% of protein come from fishery. How are you integrating fishery into your map? Because this map mainly representing, I would say, agriculture, but only rice. But then fish is also important, how you do that. A second question, go to my colleague from Cambodia. Agriculture is important, but then labor percentage in Cambodia has been dropped from 50 to now 35, and perhaps lower than that. And then you mentioned youth is a kind of a hope that we could bring agriculture up. But then looking into youth in Cambodia now, agriculture is not their interest. And migration has been overwhelmed. And so this is a real question about concern over the future of youth in agriculture. And perhaps this technology I think will somehow be moved from agriculture, I would say. Thank you very much for these interesting questions. Then last but not the least, we have more questions. Yes, please, go ahead. Deepa Josie's question around inclusion. And just to point out that yes, gender is definitely one major driver. But especially because we are in South Asia, class and literacy are two also very important points that really transcend gender as well. So we have to look at it more intersectionally. OK, and so when looking intersectionally, you want to know about inclusion. The impacts of literacy, for example. I want to know from. With respect to the advisory. OK, that's the first question. The second is not so much a question, but actually a message to the gender from Cambodia. Given we are in work package, I come from work package four. It'll be interesting to find out how you plan on actually actioning the climate adaptation plans, particularly at the district level, because that's where we will be working in 2024. So I see opportunities to work together. Thank you. Is this question clear to you? OK, OK, thank you so much. Now I'm not giving you the floor for asking more questions, but I'm first going to ask the people on the stage to answer all your questions. I'm sure they will not answer all the questions, but that's also not the matter. I'll come this way down the line and I'll give you the microphone. Can you very shortly in one or two minutes address the questions that were asked by the different people? And please feel free to say that you like to talk more with them in the coffee break for details, right? Yes, thank you. Thank you very much for a question from a one-faced colleague related to the CSMAP. On the slide is so, you see, the toilet is up there, but actually I get a picture of whole Cambodia. Under AMD, we only work on four provinces in the south part of Cambodia, Tachel, Flavien, Kandang, Siberia. In those four provinces, it's not really have fish production, but mainly rice and cash crop. But I do see that people also talk that they benefit from the flood. They also suggest a CFR mural to integrate in the rice system. So they have a rice fish system. But I see the scale of the Zasmodo very small because they have a very small pond within the field area, especially in Tachel. I visited Zasmodo already. The second question also related to the CSMAP. We ask the local stakeholder to success in the three most important food products. Consider as food crop or livestock or fishery. But most of them mention about crop production. But for the adaptation plan, they do mention about livestock and fishery inclusion as an adaptation plan. As you see on the map, a lot of area with the size of fish and also the cows, that means that they plan to have integration of livestock and fishery in the system. So that's also guide action plan for one piece in the future study in the area. Thank you so much for answering the questions. Can I get a hand of applause for the answers? And then we can move to the sweet potato team. Let me identify you like that. This is Dr. Ibn Rahman from CIP. Thank you, Dr. Manoj Munda. He asked a very nice question actually. Yes, at this moment we found that in our field there is no salinity. We found that maximum salinity is 3 outside the soil straw in the field. Now it's 1 to 2. So it's not salinity with it. So yeah, we introduced 46 clones in Bangladesh in 2012 and we did two types of trial. One is field trial and one is pot trial. In the pot trial we used up to 13 ds salinity. So the plants who those genotides died below 10, we didn't select. So it was actually it has been doing for the last five years. Then in 17 field trial results and the pot trial results it published in the international journals and then in the release. But when the news, the NSB National Institute would say that you shouldn't say 13 ds, better safely say 10 ds. So and Buddy mentioned that 10 ds. Only one 30, not the three. And other two ready can tolerate six ds. But I earlier mentioned that not at the time of planting. When the plant actually goes up more than 30 days, then if we irrigate 6 to 10 ds salinity level water, not our variety will survive an irrigation in the condition. So yeah, we did the pot experiment also. Thank you. Okay, thank you very much. A hand of applause for his answers. Then we move to Mr. Tita Matak. For the questions, you had a lot of questions. Two, luckily, yeah. So thank you for the question. It's a very, very good question because we kind of like ask that question ourselves as well just to answer to your question earlier. So how do we make sure that these kinds of opportunity are accessible to other people and especially youth who are not in the city or do not get the opportunity like this? So just a little bit of background. A lot of Cambodian students who are studying agriculture as a field of major is very low. Most of them, they are studying on scholarships or most of them they only study because they are from the province themselves. So the way we do things or the way we try to reach out to them is that we go directly to the school to do an information session, sharing them about what the program is and then we try to recruit them to join. Just for your information as well, the participants that joined our hackathon earlier, around 50, 60% of them are from agriculture background. So the idea is that we try to match agriculture students with tech students together and see how much they can come up with new innovations or new ideas because like the agriculture students, they have the expertise, they study this field and then we have the tech students who are more tech savvy, they know how technology works and stuff. So we try to match them together and see what can come out of this. And the idea is that we also reach out to provinces as well. So we went down to universities in provinces to kind of like share them about these informations and I think around 10% of the participants are from the provinces that joined the competition as well. So this is kind of like a way of how we try to make sure that these opportunities are more accessible to those who wanna do it and those who really, really wanna make something out of it as well. So this is what we wanna do, what we did and also to answer the question as well. Yes, a lot of youth, they are not interested in agriculture. That's very, very common in Cambodia. They would rather do something else but there's a lot of market, there's a lot of demand in agriculture, they just don't know it yet. So that is why we host these kinds of events, these kinds of hackathon. We don't just wanna do a seminar where people come and listen about how important agriculture is but we show them, hey, there's so many technologies, there's so many innovations, there's so many cool things happening with agriculture. You can jump in with your expertise, with your ideas and at the same time, we equip them with entrepreneurship skills. So whatever they found or whatever result they get, they can make money out of it as well. So this is what we try to tell, this is what we try to make sure that the participants or youth knows that this can be possible and this is how we promote agriculture to students. It's through these kinds of activities, not just doing seminars or workshops or anything like that. So yeah. Thank you so much. Hand of applause. I can go ahead, right? Yes, you can go ahead, you have several questions. Okay, so I will come club the question from the Pajoshi and other colleague from Amy. So that was on inclusion. We are very much aware of the digital divide and its issues, especially women. So the last year we did a social experiment where we trained a few women with smartphone to use a wisely system. So then asked them to provide this information to 60 women who didn't have any smartphone. It was only normal, a normal phone. No, what do you call that? Yeah, but yeah. Okay, so what we did is for every week we were calling these women who were receiving the calls from the lead farmers. And then we asked them what you did with this information and tracked along the whole season and understood what are the behavioral changes. And at the end we also measured how much yield benefit they received because of the information of two crops that was rice and mung bean. So we found, for example, around one ton of yield increase compared to the control group. We had control and the treated group. So we called this women to women digital service proied or moral, where a digital service is becoming a service with women. So it's possible to include those women without smartphones into the digital service are as possible. So we also, we worked with microfinance because we thought it can be those people who received the information was microfinance borrowers. So we were thinking a sustainable business model is there. It can be done for other intersectionalities also but we also tested other systems like interactive voice response which are more inclusive, which can be directly reaching. And the second question is about the downscaling of forecast. So what I want to tell you is we have struggled with this because we receive the grid based forecast in net CDF file from BMD and we actually downscale it to the points within the OZILA. And so we do that but sometimes it is a breakage in the pipeline of Dataflow. So what we have done is we have now have an agreement with the RIMES who is also providing us with the downscale the OZILA level forecast directly to the system. So that work is going on en we have also made another backup to use UKMET data. So if these two data streams fail, there is a third backup so that our service will be always active. It's a bit complex, but we have done that. Of course we can include salinity and other parameters but the main issue because we want to expand multiple more crops, more issues but the main issue is getting scientific literature. Now for what is salinity level for this particular crop? Maybe it's available for potatoes or for rice but not for other crops. For the temperature, rainfall, salinity thresholds or each parameter thresholds for different crops is not yet available. There's not a basic research that needs to be done before we advise. So we don't actually depend on expert advice on that. So that's one reason why we are not adventuring but we are really interested how we can actually integrate. Can I say one more point? Yes, you can. So one more thing is, I'm going to maybe next cycle of funding. I want to do something like, you don't need to depend on one app for wisely the climate service app which also will have stage specific good agriculture practices now integrated into system. So it has a value proposition by itself but what I think is it can be combined with other digital apps which has other capacities. We don't need to integrate everything into an app. There can be multiple apps with different capacities. Only thing is how that ecosystem can work to that. So it needs further investigation. I look forward to such questions. Yeah, thank you. Okay, I'm not sure if I understood his last sentence correctly. He needs the ecosystem for the app. Don't you mean that because currently this app is in Bangladesh, right? Anybody from Bangladesh who has this app on his phone? No, it's only for extension offices right now. But anybody can download, right? We have to approve. I mean, there is a registration system. There's a registration. Also only agriculture officers can download. No, but we want to make it more open. Okay, and yesterday we had the HSBC Bank officer here who said you always need to have a good exit strategy. So what is your exit strategy? Or that will also be part of your next step. No, I'll tell you, there are two exit strategies for us, okay? Because there are two scaling pathways. One is scaling pathways through the extension system. So there is approximately 10,000 extension officers active in Bangladesh. Even DA does not know exact number. We have 8,000 of them in our system. We are already reaching the maximum level. So the other is through the banks because they are providing so much of loans. And this can actually support like an insurance. So it's not insurance, but a kind of assurance that they may get through the climate issues and harvest the crop, if they give a crop. So they can actually provide funds to the application. We are not expecting funds. Is providing funds for the application, this is part of your current work? It's not, but what we are thinking is we have to go for the next scaling directly through banks or any finance institution so that we can generate some funds. Because DAE can take it and operate their own. That's one possibility. Or this government is running that application. Or it can be private debt. I mean private finance is ready to support the system. I understand there is a next session on scaling. So undoubtedly this point will come back. I think this is a very critical issue, right? That how to get any, because so far, my experience in Bangladesh, I have not seen any app that made it after the project, right? So yes, please. One point I can tell you is because in AMD, I have a work section where I'm building business models for a digital application. And the first one I have selected is interactive voice response system. I'm building a business model for it as a strategy. So if anybody is interested, I can talk about it. Okay. This is an invite. Anybody interested? More information. Let me also come down the line. Very interesting to hear about this hackathon. En you mentioned that later you will be also working on a business incubator. I find that very interesting. I work at Wageningen University of Research and we do similar things. And our experience is that there are a lot of small scale innovation projects starting with that. En it's really kind of getting off, because now sometimes some businesses are coming to us because they are interested in these kind of activities. What is your experiences with businesses in that regard? Business coming to... To see your innovations because they want to pick the brains of all these bright people that you collect. Right, so at Impekkup Montpain, where I'm working, we have been doing this for the past nine years. And we have worked with a lot of businesses, actually one of the biggest telecom companies in Cambodia. We worked with them on an annual basis as well to run something similar to not specifically on agriculture, but on other fields and sectors as well. So we do kind of like a partnership thing with a lot of these companies. For them, they really wanted new, like ideas, new startups to come out. So they come to us and we help develop the curriculum, do the trainings and organize the whole thing. And at the end of the day, we do like one final pitch where all the participants, all the teams, they come up and then they kind of share their ideas and their startups to people. And if their startup ideas got selected or it's like the best startup ideas, they will get additional funding on top. So like earlier, like the five teams that were selected from the program, they just get a small seed funding of $500 to actually test out their ideas. So whatever they did during the hackathon, they will need to test it or make a prototype out of it. So we gave them this like small seed of money. This is small to them. This is like everything. This is like so much thing that they can do. So we hopefully can get something out of that as well. Okay, very interesting model to here that selecting the promising ones and then adding up with the finance. Maybe for research, that's also interesting, right? That you have around where some people could qualify for additional research. Thank you very much. I like to the sweet potato team. I like to ask about the university that because you have this important reading information on sweet potato. How does that kind of translate into your university program? Do you take up some of that in your university program to discuss also with the students? Yes, thank you. A good number of M.S. students, master students are working. One PhD student is working and undergraduate students are also participating to learn the research. So this way capacity is building. Okay, very interesting. And as you are standing beside our hackathon friend, that this kind of approach, do you think your students would also be interested in this kind of thing? Yeah, I think so. So maybe the idea about a hackathon of sweet potato gets born here, right? Some of our undergraduate students are working as a volunteer. They are very interested to learn the actuality search. Okay, thank you. So interesting to hear and about the climate mapping exercises. Already you answered the question about this. You are making the maps. The maps are in a way an annual map, right? You have one map for the whole year, or you have map on the seasons also? We develop a map for the season. But the map can be updated once they want to update. Or they have something changed in the background, like new infrastructure, or new warning of climate change, or the different definition of the race. You can redo it. Okay, in general, researchers like maps, right? Did anybody of the researchers in AMD already ask you for your maps? The map under this AMD, we have done for Vietnam and complete for 13 provinces, or did they say online? Many researchers approached us and asked for the map. In Cambodia, we just finished mapping and now still in the process to make it online available. And we do not have to request yes, but as far as discussed with the map and technical working group, they want to access the map and also scale it in other provinces, at least for Cambodia. In Bangladesh, we also want to make it available very soon. Okay, and with regard to the exit strategy, because once you have the maps, how do they remain active also after you will complete your part of the assignment? We conduct a training. So I think that is a very important part, is that we transfer the practice technology to the local research partner. In all three countries under AMD, we conduct a training and also hand over the technical document to the local partner. So I'm sure that people can replicate the work after for six minutes if they want to. Okay, could you all hear the answer? That's the local partner, then... Okay, and from your local partner, somebody is here? Yeah, we have CGGS from Bangladesh here, Mr. Ali, Champa and other, I can see here. Can I have a microphone, let me work there. So let's ask this question about the local partner. I'm harassing you with the question. Yeah, my name is Champa Anishov from CGGS. Can you please repeat the question, please? Yeah, sorry to harass you with the question just on the spot. But we learn from the presentation that there are these kind of interesting maps being produced. And we learn from the presentation yesterday that it's important to have exit strategy. So you always need to make sure that what you prepare also gets somewhere. And then the good thing of the AMD program, as Dr. Bowie explained to us, is that he working with the local partner and the local partner received the training. And then through the local partner these maps can be available for many other researchers or implementing partners, et cetera. So, for CGGS, do you have a plan to put the maps in the online after the work will be shared in all the maps? And then we have a plan to publish also in online. Thank you. Hi, good morning. My name is Mustafa Ali from CGGS. Yes, we had a very wonderful interaction with the, especially many stakeholders out of them. DAE is one of the like very eager, I would say that partners. So with this space, we have done a bit kind of not full scale mapping. But we have done some kind of initial status. And we have engaged through different activities with DAE. And we have been discussing with them that how this can be upscale through different government initiative. So not through ED or not through AMD, but we would like to pilot this further because at this moment we have done in 10 districts. En only a few people jealous. So we would like to scale this out by discussing with the different officials at the headquarters level. And we are very confident that this will be scaled out in other areas as they have shown their interest. And of course, we'll put it online very soon. I think I don't know whether this is that. I think are you satisfied, Dr. Boeie, with the answer? Yeah. Okay. Okay, thank you so much for putting you on the spot. But as we have these local partners here. We also have a local partner from Cambodia here. Oh, okay. Okay, you want them to answer the question too? No, if you want to extend. Okay, I like to kind of complete a bit in time because the organizer gave me time limit. So thank you for pointing that out. And anybody who wish to ask the Cambodian National Partner also, they can tell. Very happy to hear for the action. Having said that, I like to ask another big hand of applause for all our presenters. And please, you may be seated again. Yeah, thank you. On your program, I'm following your program. I have been asked to do synthesis. I think by having this extra round of more questions, we have excellent synthesis in that regard. I'm very happy that with having said that, we are almost at the end of our delta talks life. I do think life is very different than on the screen, right? I like life. But if we need to do on the screen, it saves the environment. It gives us opportunity to communicate. So we will go with the online sessions. Beside the big things for the speaker, I also want thanks for this special live session for the team of organizers who out of your knowledge has done all this work. So please, the onsite team, a big hand of applause for them. And separately, in online, we also have Aysen, who is not here, right? So I want a big hand of applause for Aysen, because without his support, these kind of things would not happen. And really, this makes things possible. Like Ola already said, we have a plan for the coming year. But you know, plans can always change. Some people may be available or they may not be available. Sometimes the result is a bit delayed. So people like to reschedule. So if you have some suggestion for that you would like to present or that you would like to hear from somebody else about their research, feel free to approach me, Ann. Me, Ann, where are you? Me, Ann, voor mentioning to her your topics that you would like to present and if you'd like to present from one work package with another work package, possible from one partner inside AMD to partner outside AMD, possible. All different combinations are possible. We encourage that. We encourage you to continue the discussion in the Netherlands Food Partnership Platform in online. If you want to post something there, if you want to ask questions, if you want to be in contact with other parties, like for instance our Hackathon partner, if you also kind of look for other parties like that, feel free to continue the discussion there. Having said that, I now look at Ola, have I said everything I need to say? He's satisfied. Okay, thank you all very much. This was a very pleasant experience to be here all together. If you have more questions, feel free to ask.