 So we have opened up the abdomen. This is a supine cadaver. We are standing on the right side. The camera person is also on the right side. You can see this yellow structure here. This is the greater momentum. These are the coils of the small intestine here. This is the liver that we can see here and in front of us we can see the stomach here and a little bit of the diodenum. And of course on the sides we can see a little bit of the large intestine. Now let's come to the stomach proper. We can see the stomach here. This is the anterior surface of the stomach. This portion is the region of the cardio of the stomach where the esophagus meets the stomach. This portion where my finger is tracing, this is the fundus of the stomach. From the fundus, this portion is the body of the corpus of the stomach. This region is the pyloric anteroom. I have picked up this thick structure here with my finger. This is the pylorus which contains the pyloric sphincter. And after that it continues as the first part of the diodenum. This is the greater curvature of the stomach and to the greater curvature of the stomach as I mentioned is attached the greater momentum. And running along this will be the gastrofibriac vessels which I shall show just now. This is the lesser curvature of the stomach and the lesser curvature of the stomach also has got attached the lesser momentum with its two parts. And running within the layers are the gastric vessels. If you were to trace the lesser curvature of the stomach we find that at one place it is the most dependent and there's a notch there. Vertically the most dependent portion of the lesser curvature which is got a notch is called the incissura angularis. And if we were to take an imaginary line and drop it down to the greater curvature till that much is the body of the stomach. And after that is the pyloric anteroom. And thereafter is the pylorus. These are the parts of the stomach seen from front. My finger now is in the omental bursa of the lesser sac and this is the shear surface of the stomach. That brings me to what is known as the better the stomach. The better the stomach are the contents which are behind the lesser sac and on which the stomach is situated. To mention some of the organs of the better the stomach we have the pancreas which we cannot see here. We have the left kidney, left suprarinal, spleen, left ome of the diaphragm, the transverse mesocolon, spleenic artery. So these are the contents of the better the stomach which also incidentally happened to be the posterior wall of the omental bursa of the lesser sac. Now let us show you the blood vessels of the stomach. We have separated out the blood vessels from the greater curvature and we can see this blood vessel here. This is the right gastroepiploid artery which runs on the greater curvature from right to left. This is the branch of the gastrodeodal artery which comes from behind the diodenum. And as it runs on the greater curvature from right to left it anastomosis with this artery that we can see here and I picked it up here. This is the left gastroepiploid artery and this runs from left to right and both of them anastomosis in the greater curvature. They give multiple gastric branches and we can see the gastric branches here and they also give numerous omental branches. You can see them here that's why it is referred as gastroepiploid is also referred as gastro omental artery. Then we have the next set of arteries which are running at the lesser curvature and for that I have removed some of the fibers of the lesser omentum and we can see this artery here. This is the left gastric artery which is the smallest branch of the celiac trunk and we can see it is running from left to right on the lesser curvature. It was within the layers of the lesser omentum. It's also giving an esophageal branch and this is the anastomosis with this artery here. This is the right gastric artery which comes from the hepatic artery proper and this runs from right to left and they anastomosis here. So these are the main branches. Additionally the stomach also receives branches from the splinic artery the posterior gastric arteries and it also receives branches called basabrivia which are located near the fundus of the stomach which also arrives from the splinic artery. We are going to open up the stomach and I am going to show you the interior of the stomach but before that let me just quickly mention there are many clinical correlations pertaining to the stomach. There are hundreds and thousands of surgeries. I'll just mention the simplest procedure that we do in the stomach and that is what is known as a feeding gastrostomy. If for some reason the patient cannot solo food then we have to put in a tube into the stomach to feed the patient and that's called a feeding gastrostomy. In the earlier days we used to open the stomach and we used to put in a tube. Nowadays it is done endoscopically. We put in an endoscope through the isophagus and through the skin we put a local anesthesia and we insert the gastrostomy tube and we bring it out and that is known as endoscope assisted percutaneous feeding gastrostomy. So this is one of the simplest procedures and of course nowadays a lot of bariatric weight reduction surgeries we perform on the stomach. The assistants have done a wonderful job of opening up the stomach here and we are looking at the interior of the stomach. So first let me show you quickly the layers of the stomach and this is the place where we can see the layers of the stomach reasonably clearly. The outermost layer that you see here this is the cirrhosa which is the visceral peritoneum then we have the muscular layer outer longitudinal inner circular smooth muscle then we have the submucosa and finally we have the mucosa. If you go to take a look at the mucosa you find that in this particular cadaver the mucosa is very smooth. Ideally it should be thrown into folds and those are called gastric rugae. Closer to the fundus of the stomach we can see that the stomach mucosa is thrown into folds and we can see that here these are called the gastric rugae. The purpose of the rugae is to increase the surface area of the stomach mucosa and to allow for movement of the stomach. If you were to take a look at the mucosa across the lesser curvature of the stomach we find that they are more regular they're more smooth and they're more parallel. This special area of the mucosa is referred to as the gastric canal which allows preferential passage of liquids from the stomach into the diodenum. To continue we have made the incision right across the entrum into the diodenum. Here we can see the pyloric sphincter where my instrument is tracing and if you were to take a close look we can see that the muscle of the pyloric sphincter is the thicker and smooth muscle of the stomach. So this constitutes the pyloric sphincter and this ridge that we see here this is the cut open pyloric sphincter. So therefore this marks the junction between the stomach and the diodenum. So this is the pyloric sphincter and this is the one which gets hypertrophied in newborn babies in the condition known as congenital hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. So these are all the points which I want to mention to you in this dissection of the comment. Thank you very much for watching Dr. Sanjay Sanyal. Sanyal please like and subscribe if you have any questions or comments please put them in the comment section below have a nice day.