 Hey everybody, Dr. O here. So this is probably the second most important video when it comes to the brain besides the overview where I hit all the key stuff from all the key structures. This is going to be the parts of the cerebrum. So we already said the cerebrum is where conscious thought and higher order functions occur, but the cerebrum can be broken down into these lobes and each of them are going to have different primary functions. So we start here in the middle with the central sulcus and that's going to be, remember sulcus is going to be a shallow groove, a gyrus is going to be an elevated ridge, so a hill and a valley and they're there to increase surface area. So the central sulcus separates the frontal lobe, which is where your primary motor areas are from the pride of lobe, which is where your primary sensory areas are. So we start there with the central sulcus. The pre-central gyrus of the frontal lobe is your primary motor cortex, very important. The post-central gyrus of the pride of lobe is your primary sensory cortex. So when I'm consciously moving my fingers here and controlling different parts of my body, that information starts at the pre-central gyrus of the frontal lobe. If I'm feeling something like my wedding ring or touching the table or something like that in my clothes, that information is being sent to the post-central gyrus of the pride of lobe. So that's your primary motor and primary sensory areas, primary sensory cortex. Then we have, let's see, we'll go to the occipital lobe there, the occipital lobe in the back. You see that it's separated from the pride of lobe by the parietal occipital sulcus. The occipital lobe is where your visual centers are. So motor is the frontal lobe, sensation is the pride of lobe, vision is the occipital lobe. So the sensory cortex and the pride of lobe is primarily your general senses. Some of your special senses have their own area. So occipital lobe, think vision. The temporal lobe, which you can see is separated from the frontal and pride of lobes by the lateral sulcus, the temporal lobe is going to have two. This will be where the auditory cortex is, so where we hear, and then also the olfactory cortex where we smell. So the only one we haven't said then is taste. So the gustatory cortex, which is what receives information about taste from your taste receptors, that's going to be in an area you can't see here, and I don't have a good image for it, but it's called the insula or insular cortex. If I were able to peel the frontal lobe and the temporal lobe apart right there at that lateral sulcus, there's an area called the insula, which means island, or insular cortex, and that's going to be where the gustatory cortex is. So frontal lobe, think pre-central dryers of the frontal lobe, primary motor cortex, parietal lobe, post-central dryers of the parietal lobe, primary sensory cortex, occipital lobe, think visual cortex, seeing temporal lobe is the only one that has two. Think auditory cortex, hearing, and olfactory cortex smell, and if we peeled those two apart, the frontal lobe and the temporal lobe, and we saw our insular cortex or the insular lobe, that would be gustatory cortex or taste. So those are your primary areas of the striven you have to know, but then we also do have what are called association areas. So you see there we have the primary sensory cortex, the post-central dryers, but then behind that we have an association area, or we have a visual association area in the occipital lobe. So what do these do? They interpret incoming information and then coordinate responses. So for example, if your primary sensory cortex just feels there's a sensation happening, this type of sensation is happening at this part of my body. The association areas make sense of that. They interpret that, like, oh, there's not a bug crawling on my finger. It's my wedding ring, right? Or sometimes there is a bug crawling on you and these types of things. Or when you see things or hear things or smell things, the association areas make sense of what you're seeing, hearing, and smelling. So that's the key thing there. So when you think of association areas, think in interpreting incoming information, but then also coordinating responses. So you see you have the motor association area, which is often called the premotor cortex. That's going to play a role in coordinating learned movements, learned responses. Those are the parts of the cerebrum and the primary cortexes where these different sensations are occurring and that's where the association areas are. This is not as big of a deal, but worth noting anyways. I hope this helps. Have a wonderful day. Be blessed.