 A very good evening aspirants, I welcome you all to the Hindu daily news analysis brought to you by Shankar Ayes academy. Today, I am going to cover important news articles from the Hindu news papers dated 29th and 30th of June 2023, displayed here are the list of news articles that we will be discussing today, you can go through it. At the end of the video, we will also have prelims practice question discussions. So, try to watch the entire video and a kind request to you all, those who haven't it, subscribe to our YouTube channel, do subscribe and hit the bell icon button, so that you will get regular notifications about our current affairs videos. Now let's get into our first news article discussion. Take a look at this news article from yesterday's news paper. This news article is speaking about National Research Foundation Bill 2023. This is in news because, recently the union cabinet headed by our prime minister approved the National Research Foundation Bill 2023 and this is about the news, now in this discussion let us see some important provisions of National Research Foundation Bill 2023. First of all know that, the National Education Policy 2020 recommended the creation of National Research Foundation. So it is based on this recommendation, the union cabinet approved the National Research Foundation Bill 2023. This is the bill is passed by the parliament and if it gets president's assent, the National Research Foundation will be created as a separate body. Apart from this, the new law will repeal the Science and Engineering Research Board established by parliament in 2008. So the astral Science and Engineering Research Board now will be subsumed into the National Research Foundation. Now coming to the funding pattern, see over the next five years, that is between 2023 to 2028, the government is planning to spend Rs 50,000 crore for this National Research Foundation body. After Rs 50,000 crore, the government plans to raise Rs 36,000 crore through investments from industries and philanthropists. The central government for its part will provide Rs 10,000 crore and the balance Rs 4000 crore will be raised by subsuming Science and Engineering Research Board into the National Research Foundation. Here you may have a question, what does the government seek to achieve by establishing this National Research Foundation? Now moving forward, we will see what are the objectives behind establishing this National Research Foundation. The first and foremost thing is that, the National Research Foundation will provide high level strategic direction to scientific research in the country. To put it in simple words, the National Research Foundation will decide what kind of research will receive funding in our country. Secondly, the National Research Foundation will seed, grow and promote research and development in our country. Thirdly, the National Research Foundation will foster a culture of research and innovation in India's universities, colleges, research institutions and R&D laboratories. Fourthly, the National Research Foundation will ensure equitable allocation of research funding. See currently, India's premier institutions like IITs and Indian Institute of Sciences get a bulk of research funding, but state universities get very little. So the National Research Foundation will address this anomaly and ensure equitable access to government funding for research. Fifthly, the National Research Foundation will aid in increasing private sector funding for research and development in India. See the current legal system in India makes it hard for private research organizations to contribute to a funding body such as the National Research Foundation. The National Research Foundation bill will address this issue. In addition to this, the National Research Foundation will focus on creating a policy framework and putting in place a regulatory process that can encourage collaboration and increase spending by the private sector on research and development. Finally, the National Research Foundation will forge collaborations and participation among the industry, academia, state government departments and research institutions in research and development. These are the objectives of the National Research Foundation. See to achieve its wide-ranging objectives, the National Research Foundation has a unique organizational structure. The Department of Science and Technology will be the administrative department of the National Research Foundation. The National Research Foundation will be governed by a governing board consisting of eminent researchers and professionals across various disciplines. The governing board will have our prime minister as the ex-officio president and the minister of science and tech and minister of education as the ex-officio vice president. In addition to this, the National Research Foundation's functioning will be governed by an executive council chaired by the principal scientific advisor to the government of India. Okay, this is all about the organizational structure of the National Research Foundation. Now, that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion, we saw some important points about the National Research Foundation bill that was recently approved by the union cabinet. See, this topic is very much important for your main exam. So, make note of each and every point that we discussed. Now, let's move on to the next news article discussion. Now, take a look at this small article. This news article states that an elephant was electrocuted in Nagarhol tiger reserve. This mishap happened at a private farm as the owner of the farm drew illegal power from his domestic connection to supply to his solar fans. So, due to this mishap, an elephant was electrocuted in Nagarhol Tiger reserve. And this is about the news article given here. Now, in this context, let us learn some important points about Nagarhol Tiger reserve. See, Nagarhol Tiger reserve spread across the districts of Kodagu and Mysore in Karnataka. It serves as an important habitat for a diverse range of flora, fauna and indigenous tribes. The Nagarhol Tiger reserve was initially a hunting reserve for the former rulers of Mysore. Then in the year 1955, Nagarhol was officially established as a wildlife sanctuary. At that time, it covered a few areas of the forests such as Hadgath, Arcary and Nalkerin Kodagu. Subsequently, the government upgraded the sanctuary into a national park by extending over an area of about 571 square kilometers in 1983. Then in the year 1986, Nagarhol National Park along with Bandipur Tiger reserve was included as a part of the Nilgiri Biosphere reserve. Then in 2000, in recognition of its good number of elephant population, Nagarhol National Park was included under Project Elephant. And it was constituted as a part of Mysore Elephant reserve. Then in 2003, an area of 71 square kilometers was added to make it 643 square kilometers national park area. In the same year, Nagarhol National Park attained the status of Tiger reserve by including Nagarhol under Project Tiger and made it an extension of Bandipur Tiger reserve. And later in 2007, Nagarhol was declared as an independent Tiger reserve by notifying around 640 square kilometers area as core or critical Tiger habitat. Finally, in 2012, the government of Karnataka notified an area of about 204 square kilometers as buffer zone of Nagarhol Tiger reserve by expanding the total area of Tiger reserve administration to 847 square kilometers. This is all about the history of Nagarhol Tiger reserve. Now we will see about the geography of Nagarhol Tiger reserve. See the Nagarhol derives its name from the winding river Nagarhol. The word Nagarhol translates to Snake River in the local language. The Nagarhol river serves as a lifeline for the reserve by providing water to the diverse ecosystem that drives within the boundary of Nagarhol Tiger reserve. The Nagarhol river later merges with the Kabini river and this Kabini river forms the boundary between Nagarhol Tiger reserve and Bandipur National Park. Apart from this, the Nagarhol Tiger reserve also has a good number of streams and rivers. The Kabini and Taraka reservoirs are large water bodies located towards the western south eastern parts of Nagarhol National Park respectively. This is the geography of Nagarhol Tiger reserve. Moving forward, we will see the climatic condition of the Tiger reserve. See the climate in Nagarhol Tiger reserve is typically tropical with hot summers and moderate winters. The Tiger reserve receives a considerable amount of rainfall during the monsoon season which contributes to the lush green and thriving ecosystem. See the combination of abundant rainfall and favorable temperatures creates an ideal environment for the growth of variety of vegetation. Now, what about the floor on the Nagarhol Tiger reserve? The forest type found in Nagarhol Tiger reserve is predominantly moist deciduous and semi-evil green forests. See towering trees, dense undergrowth and a canopy provides shelter to numerous species. The reserve is home to a remarkable array of plant life including teak, rosewood, sandalwood, bamboo and various other medicinal plants. These diverse plant species contribute to the overall ecological balance and they provide a habitat for a multitude of animals. Now, speaking about the wildlife, Nagarhol Tiger reserve is renowned for its rich fauna. The Nagarhol Tiger reserve hosts a significant tiger population. This makes it a vital conservation site for the tiger species. Apart from tigers, the Nagarhol Tiger reserve is home to a plethora of other wildlife including Asian elephants, Indian bison, leopard, jungle cat, Indian pangolin, Asian pomsivert and langurs. Apart from animals, the birds such as the Malabar grey hornbill, the Malabar trogan, blue bearded bee eater, scarlet minimet and the vibrant Indian pea fall are also seen in the Nagarhol Tiger reserve. This is all about the flora and fauna. See the Nagarhol Tiger reserve is not only a heaven for wildlife but it is also a dwelling place for several indigenous tribes. The genu kurubas are the primary inhabitants of this Nagarhol Tiger reserve. In Kannada the term genu means honey and the term kuruba generally means shepherd. See the genu kurubas have a deep understanding of the forest ecosystem and they possess traditional knowledge of sustainable agricultural practices. This is all about the tribes found in Nagarhol Tiger reserve. And that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion we saw about the history of Nagarhol Tiger reserve, then we saw about the geography of Nagarhol Tiger reserve, then we saw about the climatic conditions of Nagarhol Tiger reserve and finally we saw some points about the flora, fauna and tribes seen in the Nagarhol Tiger reserve. See this topic is very much important for your prelims exam. So make note of each and every points that we discussed. Now let's move on to the next news article discussion. Now take a look at these two articles from yesterday's newspaper. Both the articles highlights an important scheme relevant for our examination. According to the first article on Wednesday the cabinet committee on economic affairs have approved the PM Pranam scheme. PM Pranam stands for PM program for restoration, awareness generation, nourishment and amelioration of mother earth scheme. This scheme is a promise made in the last budget and it is currently approved by the cabinet committee on economic affairs. Now according to the second news article the environment ministry has issued a draft notification that explains about the proposed green credit scheme. This scheme incentivizes sustainable activities by generating green credits which can be traded for money. And this is the crux of the news articles given here. Now in this context let us quickly go through PM Pranam and green credit schemes. Now before getting into discussion the syllabus relevant to this topic is given here. You can go through it. Firstly let's start with the PM Pranam scheme. See PM Pranam is a short form of PM program for restoration, awareness generation, nourishment and amelioration of mother earth scheme. And it is also called as PM promotion of alternate nutrients for agricultural management use. As the name itself hints the basic objective of the scheme is to incentivize the farmers to reduce the overall consumption of fertilizers by incentivizing the states. See we all know that to enhance the productivity of agriculture it is necessary to administer the crops with sufficient nutrients. But over a period of time due to subsidies on fertilizer and lack of awareness among the farmers there has been overuse of fertilizers. This resulted in soil erosion, increase in salinity and a fall in overall productivity. So in order to reduce the usage of fertilizers and to create a proper environment PM Pranam scheme has been launched. The PM Pranam scheme aims to reduce overall expenditure on chemical fertilizers. Remember one of the key features of the scheme is that the funding for the scheme will come from savings made from the current fertilizer subsidy. This means that the PM Pranam scheme will not be implemented with a separate budget for fertilizer rationalization. And note that the scheme is run by the department of fertilizers. Now talking about the funding pattern see the 50 percentage of the subsidy savings from the existing schemes will be passed to the state as a grant. The 70 percentage of this grant can be utilized for the purpose of capacity expansion in the area of creating alternate fertilizer production units at the village, block and district levels. The remaining 30 percentage of the grant money can be utilized for increasing farmers, punjayats, farmer producer organizations and self-help groups that are involved in the reduction of fertilizer use and awareness generation. This is about the funding pattern. See to check the proper implementation of the PM Pranam scheme the government will compare annual consumption of fertilizers to consumption over the previous 3 years. This allows the government to find whether annual consumption has increased or decreased. And note that to track the use of fertilizers a platform named IFMS that is integrated fertilizer management system is also going to be launched. And that's all about PM Pranam scheme. Remember judicious use of fertilizer is very important not only for the economy but also from the environmental perspective. So it is very important to ensure that fertilizers are put to effective use after taking stocks of various situations. Okay this is all about PM Pranam scheme. Now moving on to see about green credit scheme. See the aim of the green credit scheme is to implement a competitive market-based approach for green credits in order to incentivize various environmental actions of various stakeholders. Here the stakeholders may include individuals, industries, farmers producers organizations, urban local bodies, gram panchayats, private sectors etc. The green credits will be tradable and those who are earning it will be able to put these credits up for a sale on a proposed domestic market platform. If you could not understand let's break it down and we will understand how the scheme actually works. See the environment ministry has identified 8 select activities under the Environment Protection Act 1986 for which the green credit can be earned. The activities include tree plantation, water conservation, water harvesting and water use efficiency or savings, promoting natural and regenerative agricultural practice, waste management, air pollution reduction, mangrove conservation and restoration and eco-mark based green credit. And finally construction of buildings and other infrastructure using sustainable technology and material. So doing any of these 8 activities we can earn green credit. Okay for example an individual who undertakes tree plantation in an area can earn green credits which can then be sold at the trading platform after a steering committee has validated the green credits. Similarly an urban local body can earn green credit for building waste management infrastructure. See each green credit will have a monetary value assigned by the committee. However the entities will also be made to pay environmental compensation for violation of provisions contained in the notification. The draft notification states that the environmental compensation will be collected by a GCP administrator that is green credit program administrator. And the compensation will be deposited in a separate dedicated account. The generated fund will then be utilized for taking measures for market stabilization along with other activities related to the implementation of green credit program that would be approved by the steering committee. See the key feature of this scheme is that the trading platform will connect all players who are suppliers of green credit. So if an environment conscious company or industry want to avail loan at a cheaper rate of interest for undertaking environment friendly interventions taken by these green credits. See the green credit scheme is a to be specified mechanism. So the thresholds and benchmarks will be developed for each green credit activity or process for generating and the issuance of green credit. See allocation of one unit of green credit activity will be determined based on the achievable environmental outcome then equivalence of resource requirement parity of scale scope size and other relevant parameters. The government will also develop and establish digital processes for the green credit program which include self assessment of eligible green credit activities registration of projects issuance of green credits and monitoring performance. And that's all regarding this green credit program or green credit scheme. Now in this discussion we saw about PM Pranam scheme and its objectives and then we saw about the green credit program and the working of green credit program. See this topic is very much important for your prelims exam so make note of each and every points that we discussed. Now let us move on to the next news article discussion. Now have a look at this editorial article this article is taken from yesterday's newspaper. This article is speaking about the ongoing issue between the elected Delhi government and the central government regarding who has the control over civil services in New Delhi. Now in this context let us learn about the background of the issue and about the important points provided in this news article. Now before getting into discussion the syllabus relevant to this topic is given here you can go through it. Firstly we look at the background of the issue. See the current matter of contention between the government of New Delhi and the left end governor who is appointed by the union government is about the control over civil services in New Delhi. The Delhi government stated that it is having the full control over the civil services as they were democratically elected by the people. On the other hand the left end governor said that the Delhi is specially administered by national capital territory of Delhi at 1991. So that the left end governor appointed by the union government will have the control over civil services. So earlier this matter went to the supreme court. Then on 11th May 2023 a five judge constitutional bench gave the verdict in favour of the Delhi government. The supreme court ruled that the elected Delhi government has the control over civil services in Delhi with exemptions in the matters of public order, police and land. See these three matters comes under the purview of union government to ensure the safety of the national capital territory of Delhi. Subsequently on 19th May the union government promulgated an ordinance to amend the government of national capital territory of Delhi at 1991. This ordinance striped away the Delhi government's control over the civil servants by removing entry 41 of the state list that deals with public service commission. The ordinance also proposes to establish national capital civil service authority to deal with matter of civil services. The national capital civil service authority will consist of the chief minister of Delhi the chief secretary and the principal home secretary. The decisions will be taken on the basis of majority voting. One important point to note here is that even if all the three members of national capital civil service authority anonymously take a stand and if the left end governor takes a different stand then the decision of left end governor shall prevail. See the Delhi government views this ordinance as an attempt by the union government to override the supreme board judgment regarding the control over civil services in Delhi. So because of this only currently there is a tussle between the central government and the Delhi government. And this is about the background of the issue. Now let's discuss the important points given in this article. Firstly the article speaks about the justification of union government regarding the control of civil services in New Delhi. See the union government has two justifications to defend its promulgation of ordinance. The first argument of union government is that at policy level Delhi unlike other states it is the national capital territory so that there should be a balance between the electoral government of Delhi and the union government regarding civil services. So the union government says that the transferring of control of civil services to the union government should ensure a balance between NCD of Delhi and the union government. Then the second argument of union government is that a legal perspective. See article 239 AA of Indian constitution authorizes the parliament to enact laws which comes under the competence of states which includes services. That is as per article 239 AA of Indian constitution the parliament can enact law to have a control over the civil servants. So the union government said that based on this provision only it promulgated ordinance. So this is about the justification of union government regarding the control of civil services. See the writer of this article says that both of these justifications are not sound. He also said that this ordinance is unconstitutional as it undermines the principles of democracy. See the bureaucrats coordinate the day to day administration at different levels while elected representatives that as MLAs and MPs are responsible for the policy formulation and shaping vision. So to effectively implement the policies and visions the civil servants have to be under the control of elected representatives. See the supreme court also insisted this in its recent judgment. On May 2023 the supreme court in this judgment came out with a concept of triple chain of accountability. According to this concept the civil servants are accountable to the cabinet. The cabinet is accountable to the legislature. And the legislature is ultimately accountable to the electorate. That is the people who elect them. So any action which negatively affects the triple chain of accountability would amount to undermine the constitutional principle of democracy. So the author says that the daily ordinance is not in consistent with the triple chain of accountability concept. Note that article 239AA accords special status to delhi. This article also debars the electorate government of delhi from legislating in three matters that is public order, land and police. The author opinions that by already depriving the delhi government in these three matters the balance of interest between the electorate delhi government and the union government is already set in article 239AA itself. Apart from this the supreme court also ruled that article 239AA does not take away the control of delhi government over services and it also preserves the triple chain of accountability. But here the delhi services ordinance affects this triple chain of accountability as it takes away the services from the delhi government. Apart from this the author also highlights about the provision in article 239AA which enables the parliament to enact laws for national capital territory of delhi in the state lists also. So the author says that this power is given to parliament to pass any legislation in case of unforeseen circumstances and it does not restrict the functioning of the electorate delhi government. But here the delhi service ordinance completely takes the power of electorate delhi government and it hands it over to the central government which is against the constitution. So the author argues that there is no concrete reason behind this ordinance as the balance of interest is already achieved within the constitution itself. As the ordinance undermines the principle of representative democracy and the responsible governance the matter went to the apex court that is the supreme court for the fifth time. Now let us wait and see what is going to happen in the future. Okay and that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion we saw about the background of ongoing issue between the union government and the delhi government regarding the control of civil servants. Then we saw about the ordinance promulgated by union government. Then we saw about the union government's justifications over an ordinance. And finally we saw some points about the issues with the ordinance. Now with these points in mind let us move on to the next news article discussion. Now look at this article from the text and context page. This article is speaking about open market sale scheme. See the Food Corporation of India recently notified that it had imposed quantity restrictions for private bidders and it won't allow the states to procure price and through its open market sale scheme. And this is about the news. Now in this context let us learn what is this open market sale scheme and we will also learn about what are the new changes brought in. Now first we look at open market sale scheme. See open market sale scheme is a part of Food Corporation of India's market intervention program. Under this scheme Food Corporation of India sells its surplus food grains from the central pool to traders, bulk customers and retail chains at a predetermined prices. This sale happens through E auction bidding which allow buyers to procure grains in specified quantities. Note that rice and wheat are the most prominent food grains sold under open market sale scheme. Apart from the private players the states can also procure food grains under this open market sale scheme without participating in E auctions. Note that the states can procure food grains under this scheme apart from what they get from centres, share for distribution amongst the beneficiaries of National Food Security Act. The main aim of the open market sale scheme is to curb inflation and to stabilize the rising prices of food grains. This is all about the open market sale scheme. Now let us see about the new changes brought in by the Food Corporation of India. See the Food Corporation of India released the revised policy of open market sale scheme on 13th June 2023. Under this revised policy the Food Corporation of India has placed a cap on quantity that a single bidder can purchase in single bid. Earlier the maximum quantity allowed per single bid was over 3000 metric tons. But the revised policy only allows to procure 10-100 metric tons in a single bid. The rationale behind this restriction is to accommodate more small and marginal buyers so that it shall ensure the wider reach of the open market sale scheme. Apart from this the revised policy can also be a game changer as it tries to break the monopolies of bulk buyers. Meanwhile it allows more competitive bids from small buyers. Then the next major change brought out under the revised policy is that the Food Corporation of India won't sell rice and wheat to state governments under the open market sale scheme hereafter. The revised policy also restricts the trade between private players who procure from open market sale scheme and the state government. Now that this restriction of sale is only applicable for the food grains purchased by the private players under open market sale scheme. The chairman of Food Corporation of India said that the central government is balancing the interest of 8 road beneficiaries of the National Food Security Act in one hand and the interest of 60 crore common people supported by the retail prices on the other hand. This is about the new changes brought under the revised policy. See the opposition accuses that there is a political motive behind this revised policy. See in Karnataka elections the congress party promised to give rice for marginalized families under its Anabhagya scheme. Now this new change will make it tough for the congress government to implement this scheme successfully. While this is the case in Karnataka the congress party is looking for sources other than Food Corporation of India to procure food grains. And that's all regarding this discussion. In this discussion we saw about open market sale scheme. Then we saw about the new changes brought in by the Food Corporation of India in the open market sale scheme. See this topic is very much important for your prelims exam. So make note of each and every points that we discussed. Now let's move on to the next news article discussion. Now look at this article from the text and context page See recently on 20th June the election commission released a draft proposal on the delimitation of assembly and Lokshaba constituencies in Assam. So this text and context article is written in that context only. Now in our discussion today we will see what is delimitation and we will also see the issues with the draft proposal. Now let's start with delimitation. What does that term delimitation mean? Delimitation is the process of redrawing of boundaries of Lokshaba and state assembly constituencies. It is mainly done to ensure that each seat has an almost equal number of voters. Normally delimitation is done based on recent census. Delimitation India is done by the delimitation commission which is formed under the provisions of delimitation commission act. Now why is the delimitation exercise done in Assam? To get to the answer for this question we must know a little bit of history. See delimitation exercise in India was carried out in 1952, 1962 and 1972. In 1976 the exercise was suspended due to the family planning program started by the government. And during the recent 2008 exercise delimitation was not conducted in the states of Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Jamun Kashmir, Manipura and Naha land due to security risks. So after the NRC was created for Assam the election commission notified the initiation of Assam's delimitation on December 27, 2022. What are the important features of the draft proposal? See the number of assembly and parliamentary seats of Assam remains unchanged at 126 and 14. Of the 126 assembly seats 24 assembly seats would be reshaped and renamed. In addition to this the number of reserved seats in the assembly for the scheduled types and scheduled costs would be increased from 16 to 19 and 8 to 9 respectively. The seats that are to be reserved for SC and ST are also to be changed. In the case of Lokshaba the number of reserved Lokshaba seats that is 2 for ST and 1 for SC would remain the same. But the silture constituency would become reserved for SCs in place of Karimganj. This is the important features of draft proposal of Assam delimitation. Finally, let us see the issues with the draft proposal. Firstly, the ethnic groups such as Agomes are disappointed with the number of assembly seats reduced from eastern Assam and increased in western Assam. Secondly, the delimitation exercise used the 2001 census data instead of 2011 census data. The recent delimitation exercise in Jammu and Kashmir used the 2011 census data due to which the number of seats increased. But here as 2001 census data was used the number of seats did not witness a change. Lastly, there is the issue of gerrymandering. See, gerrymandering is the process of manipulating the boundaries of an electoral constituency so as to favor one party or class. Here, some political parties have raised the allegation that some seats have been reshaped to scatter the Muslim voters by reducing their representation, assembly and parliamentary seats. So these are some of the issues with the draft proposal of Election Commission. Now with these points in mind let us move on to the next part of the news article discussion that is to discuss preliminary practice questions. Now look at this first question. This first question is about National Research Foundation. Now look at the first statement. It is a statutory body. See, the statement is correct. The proposed National Research Foundation is going to be a statutory body which is to be established under National Research Foundation in 2023. So statement one is correct. Now coming to the second statement the funding for the National Research Foundation will provide entirely by the central government. See, this statement is incorrect. As we saw in the discussion the funding will be provided by central government industrialists and by subsuming science and engineering research board. So a second statement is incorrect. Now coming to the third statement Minister of Science and Tech is the ex-officio president. See, this statement is incorrect. As we saw in the discussion the prime minister is the ex-officio president of National Research Foundation. So third statement is incorrect. The question asks that how many of the given statements are correct. Here only one statement is correct. So the correct answer is option A only one. Moving on, let's take up the second question. This question is regarding deal imitation commission. Now look at the first statement. It is a statutory body constituted as per deal imitation commission act. See, this statement is correct. The deal imitation commission is constituted as per deal imitation commission act. So statement one is correct. Now coming to the second statement, the deal imitation commission is appointed by the election commission of India. See, this statement is incorrect. The deal imitation commission is appointed by the president and not by election commission of India. So second statement is incorrect. Now coming to the third statement the orders of the deal imitation commission cannot be challenged near court of law. See, this statement is correct. The orders or recommendations of deal imitation commission cannot be challenged in a court of law. Now coming to the fourth statement when the orders of the delimitation commission are laid before the Lokshaba or state legislative assembly they cannot affect any modifications in the orders. See this statement is also correct. The orders of delimitation commission cannot be modified. So fourth statement is also correct. The question asks how many of the statements given are correct. Here second statement alone is incorrect and the three other statements are correct. So the correct answer is option C only three. Moving on let's take up the final question. This is a statement based question. This question is about open market sales scheme. Here two statements are given. First we have to identify whether both the statements are correct or not. And we also need to check whether the second statement is the correct explanation of statement one or not. Now first we'll check whether both the statements are correct or not and we will use our because or so trick. Statement one it aims to reduce the inflation and stabilize the rising price of food grains. See this statement is correct as we saw in the discussion the open market sales scheme of food corporation of India aims to reduce inflation and it aims to stabilize the rising price of food grains. So statement one is correct. Now coming to the statement two it is a part of food corporation of India's market intervention program. See this statement is also correct as you saw in the discussion open market sale scheme is a market intervention program of FCI. So statement two is also correct. Now we have identified both the statements are correct. Now we have to check whether the second statement is the correct explanation of statement one or not. Now we will apply our because trick. Now we will add because at the end of statement one and we will keep reading statement two. If it makes sense the statement two is the correct explanation of statement one. I'll read it aims to reduce the inflation and stabilize the rising price of food grains because it is a FCI's market intervention program. Does it make sense? Yes. Open market sale scheme is a market intervention program that aims to reduce inflation and it will stabilize the rising price of food grains. So the correct answer is option A both statement one and statement two are correct and statement two is the correct explanation for statement one. This is a quiz question for you today. I will post this question in a community section. Try to answer it and don't worry. The answer for the question is posted in the comment section of the question itself. You can verify the answer and displayed here are the main questions for your practice. Go through the questions, write your answers and post it in the comment section with this we have come to the end of the video. If you liked our analysis, please like comment and share and don't forget to subscribe to Shankar's Academy YouTube channel. Thank you for listening.