 Now, we are going to start with a very interesting application that is provisioned even in Pakistan by certain telecom companies and it's a worldwide known phenomenon. It is known as the mobile TV that is to access a TV broadcast service on your mobile. We would look at the general requirements of multimedia traffic then we'd look at how television or TV is broadcast and then we'd look at specific requirements for mobile television. The multimedia traffic which is basically audio visual content is highly bandwidth consuming so it means the next generation network based on the engine architecture has to support such high bandwidth and there are technologies like 4G, YMAX, etc. which do provide such high bandwidth so it means the video has to be continuously streamed as we had earlier discussed it could be a recorded stream or it could be a live stream. Anyways, the playback of the frames has to be a continuous process. The multimedia applications which are audio, video and sometimes textual data like subtitles or text in video is a kind of video streaming that requires data rate which may vary depending upon the nature of video being played. So this can actually have another kind of variety that it can be either demand based or it can be live. So if it is demand based it means the codex that is the encoder, decoder available on a certain device, wireless device can be negotiated but if it is live then it can vary its quality and the quality of experience would change as the live transmission takes place so it means we have more flexibility for on demand video content access and we have relatively less options available for live streaming. So television as in a broadcast medium can be considered as a service that can be obtained either on demand or live. So the television as a service can be offered because it's audio visual traffic. It can be offered on the technologies in NGN using the best effort manner. It means since high bandwidth is available for most of the time the television service is going to work most of the time. But when the users increase or the traffic congestion happens or the wireless channel impairments dominate that case the guarantee for providing consistent QS is not there. So best effort service degrades without advance prior notice to the user. Likewise the TV service can also be provided with certain QS guarantees in that case some kind of resource allocation takes place in advance TV transmission versus the voiceover IP has an exclusive behavior that is it is transmitted to multiple users at the same time the same content is relayed in a copied manner. I mean it is copied to multiple users mostly in the downlink. So it is a simplex multi casting or broadcasting service. So it means this requirement has to be met very in a very specialized manner by the service provider using whatever technology that supports IPTV. So this TV service as a broadcast service it is known as IPTV if it is provisioned through the classical IP stack which is already defined in NGN and 4G networks. But when it is provided in in fixed wireless it is you can call it IPTV. But in mobile wireless environments it becomes slightly more specific and it has some additional requirements. This is known as mobile TV. So the same downstream broadcast service is now offered on a mobile which is the handheld device so it has its own constraints and limitations. The device is mobile it means handover and connection make and break is expected. Then the wireless behavior with its own channel impairment is going to have an effect on the data rate which is available at that particular moment. So all these features make the provisioning of mobile TV a challenge. So now the trade-off or the business sense is determined by the service provider. If the service provider believes that providing a television on mobile is highly business oriented and it is likely to give returns. So some major investment can be made in terms of streaming servers. High spectrum allocation etc which would ensure that the mobile TV meets certain QoS requirements and vice versa. So it means mobile TV is an interesting technology is an interesting application that ensures the user having almost a traditional TV kind of experience.