 Next is a block, but we'll have more time for discussion after the data block. So in this block, Pa and Nupon is going to talk about a data portal as part of the seminar series of the Papalism of Cities or of Viewing. And I think you ought to pause. Which better. Someone else is presenting while I open this. No problem? Here we go. So I'll be presenting a system that we've set up recently at the Papalism of Cities called Motoblissig. And before we go there, I'd like to explain to you what the Papalism of Cities is. I spoke with Don Lee earlier, and he described his group as a hubbub club. And I think that very well describes how he started, at least. So our initiative started as a hubbub, as a group of people coming together, mostly young academics, people doing research on urban metabolism, who had an interest in doing something more than their research. And our goal really was to, we believe in this concept of urban metabolism having lots of potential and being useful currently, very much in the academic sphere, but having lots of potential elsewhere as well. And we would like to spread the word. It's not a very well-known discipline. And we felt the need to collaborate, also because we were located in many different places. And we figured, let's do this through a website in which we publish, for instance, information or publications that are out there. We couldn't recognize index. We talked about what research is being undertaken. And we tried to help people understand what's happening in this field. So we really worked on creating a hubbub on urban metabolism with very much thought, the philosophy of open source sharing of information behind it. Slowly but steadily, we expanded our group. We are now nine people. We have also expanded the background of people in our group. So the person at the bottom center, Ramiro, he is a 53-year-old dentist in Argentina who has a very keen interest in urban metabolism. And he threw a move he has found out about this concept. And we warmly welcomed him to our group. So what we do these days is not restricted to just running some publication index on our website. But we really tried to work together and develop different projects that could range from, we've seen earlier, these material exchange platforms. So we're doing something with the government in Brussels to work on that, to writing up research reports together with local government to organizing series, seminar series like this. So we tried to really bring this to a more practical level. And in our approach, we tried to become a little bit more professional from our hubby club into a more professional setting. We defined what our goal is, which is something we hadn't cleared from the beginning. So we defined this as we would like to collaborate on systemally improving the sustainability of cities. That, more than anything else, is what we tried to do. Now, we tried to do that by creating and sharing urban metabolism knowledge and accelerating its implementation in policy practice. We have debated as well whether or not we want to define our goal around urban metabolism. We said, primarily, we want to collaborate and help improve sustainability of cities. We think that can be done through urban metabolism. But if we prove and run, we change the methodology. And we really want to go to as much depth as we can to find out if urban metabolism can help with that. Now, how do we do that? We work on creating knowledge, sharing knowledge, applying knowledge, and fostering a community. And we have different ways in which we do that. Now, looking at different research projects and what they find if they look at applying policies and interventions or developing strategies for sustainable resource management, you see a parent being defined by this mid-future project that highlights different pieces that you need to reach strategy and decision support. Where we work in, you can see here what the different components are, we work very much in the middle of this period. We lead to others to work on strategy and decision support. We lead to others to develop the systems that you need. But we want to work with the data that comes out of those systems. We want to work creating models and scenarios, understand the uncertainty, develop visualization, and develop indicators. So all of these things, we see our role as facilitators of that process, facilitators of developing visualization, providing information on indicators. In the end, it's cities and city governments that need these different tools to affect change. And that's what we believe. And we think that our academic principle can help city government achieve those goals. Now, what are some challenges that we have seen in our work? When it comes to urban metabolism data, which was the lower part of the pyramid, there are already a number of challenges we experiment every day. It's incredibly time-consuming to find data. It's often very difficult to access. You talk about some PDF report that sits on a website. You can often find data on computers in a lab or at city level that you somehow need to get out of there. It's very scattered, so there's no one central place to go to, and formats are very inconsistent. So those are some problems that we find at that lowest level. Now, we cannot really get to the higher level if we don't solve those problems. So this multiplicity project tries to work on these challenges. So this project that we talk about is very much an online tool that tries to address these issues that we saw earlier. So we try to make available data in a user-friendly centralized platform. So when you talk about data being inaccessible and scattered, we feel that some of the solutions could be around creating one single place in which you can find all this information. A lot of cities deal with the same challenges around managing this information, and a lot of researchers deal with the problem of finding it. We are a global group, and we feel that if we can find a solution that suits one city, that we can possibly replicate this in other cities. And of course, we have to adjust to a global system senses, but the good thing is we are a global community, and we can work with people in different cities to find out how do we need to adjust it to a global situation, always working off one single standardized platform. Now, we embrace philosophies around open source and open access, so the idea is very much to make this available to all. And we come from this academic background. So we feel that some of these projects that city practitioners work around may not have the academic rigor that we'd like to see, and we'd like to bring that to planners and to policy makers. At the same time, academics or planners, we can't do it all ourselves. But in society, there are many people who like to contribute to this idea of sustainable cities. So our goal is to bring the energy of those people, of everyday people, who may not have a degree in sustainability, who may not work as city planning, but we'd like to rope them in, and rope in their energy to help with this kind of project. And finally, as I said, we'd like to be replicable, replicable to develop for one city and we make it available to others. So our platform very much revolves around the idea of presenting all different sectors that relate to material resource use, consumption, flows, stocks. We present those sectors, and bit by bit we present the sectors in a standardized format that is clearly accessible. And I'll show it just now. We break information up in a number of different pieces, which can then also be accessed through their own section. So first of all, we want to provide general information about the sector. People often know only a particular element of a sector. So if you talk about water, if I'm a resident, I know about water being available or not in my house. That's where it ends. I don't know where it comes from. I don't know where it goes from. Similarly to waste. I create waste. I put the belt out, and that's it. Even if I'm a professional, I may only deal with one part of the sector. So our goal in this first part of describing a sector is to describe the overall sector in small pieces of text in a way that's very accessible to anybody. I can spend half an hour reading through this, and I have a nice holistic understanding of what happens in this sector, in this city. Next, we present a number of data sets. So we try to explain to people, to show people what's available, what data is out there. For all of this, we don't imagine that it's gonna be complete and comprehensive and perfect from the beginning. But we feel like all of this, any information that's out there that we can share, any data that's out there that we can share, is more, is better than nothing. So there's a lot of data sitting in different pieces, and we'd like to show those different pieces here in one place, not as a PDF that you download, not as an Excel spreadsheet, but it's on the web, so it's a nicely browsable, fuelable, filterable section. Then you'll see a part of an infrastructure. So when we talk about material stocks and flows, there's often infrastructure related to that, and we'd like to index that, and I'll talk about maps. We wanna know where things are. If you talk about flows, you need to understand how do they flow through a city. So this is very much geo-reference information to better understand and to better imagine. So if people hear that their ways goes to landfill or incinerator, the page says much more than words, so we want people to browse the map, to check the label, what's near me, what's impacting my or our city's stocks and flows, and how can I see that? And we wanna bring that closer to people and every stakeholder involved. Finally, documents, academic publications, reports from government, legislation, we try to put it in one place, and then multimedia, photos, videos, et cetera. This gives you a top-level idea, but of course, I'd like to show you what we have. You know, let me have a look. First of all, we're gonna look at Cape Town. So in Cape Town, we started populating the system with some information. It's not complete yet, it's still a lot to do, but it gives you an idea of what we're looking for. So you'll see the dashboard, so this is the section. On our website, it's not called multiplicity, it's called simply cities, and under cities, you'll see a number of cities that pop up there for which we have started developing dashboards. Now, you can see here, we define a number of sectors that are all related to resource flows and stocks, and there could be different ones in different cities, and here you see the same overview. Now, I'm gonna browse it by going to the waste sector, which is of course what's interested today. Good thing that I opened it already in another tab. Thank you. So first of all, here you see a general description of these different parts of the waste sector in Cape Town. If you come from Beijing, you come from Chicago, you come from India, you have no clue what's happening in Cape Town, but we want to share this information. You go here and you browse, so what happens in terms of waste generation in Cape Town? Here you get a couple paragraphs that explain what waste has been generated and how it works in our city. Same for waste collection, how is that done? What waste management facilities are there? So in very little time, I could get the top-level understanding of what happens in the city. Now, as we go down, we'll see the data sets that are available around waste, and as I said, this we try to make as accessible and easy to browse as possible. So here you see a data set on hazardous waste entering disposal facilities, and at the same time, I have a number of other data sets underneath, which if I were to have internet, I could show you. For all of the data sets, you can open them, and here comes an academic reader. We try to really detail to people where does this data come from? What is the uncertainty of this data? Can you rely on this or not? Who's provided it? And how can you replicate getting this data set? We link data to infrastructure. So as we go down, our next section is around what infrastructure exists for waste in Cape Town. And here you see, we have three electrical sites, three waste transfer stations, and 37 drop-off sites. There's more. We just started with this, but this gives you an idea. And here you can see on the map, you can browse the different facilities that are there. People can click it, open profiles and browse them. Again, I'm not gonna do it now. To really get this idea of exactly what's out there and how does this relate? It's set up in a way in which we link all these bits and pieces. So if I upload the data set that contains information on all the waste entry, all the landfill sites, I have to list one by one for each of the landfill sites what happens. I can check the full volumes for all the landfill sites. And then here you can see our three landfill sites. I can open the profile of one landfill site and then pull the data for that particular landfill site. So there's many different angles to browse the same information so that people are interested in a particular angle can find that. And finally, we can see the documents that are related to these different pieces and a number of photos and videos. Now, if you look here, this is the profile of eight landfill sites. And here you can see some photos, some maps. And this is a similar dataset but not just filtered for this particular landfill site. You can download all the data, see where it comes from. And there's a lot of who uploaded this, when was it amended, et cetera. The process of putting information in there is something that, as I said, we want to make as easy and as crowdsourced as possible. So we've worked on a system in which people can upload information bit by bit. So we don't expect someone to have all pieces in place. So we tell everybody, listen, if you have any information on infrastructure, if you could find data on what landfills are out there, what incinerators are out there, you can put it in. If someone else has photos, they can upload photos. If someone else has data on population, geospatial information, everybody can contribute their piece of information. You upload this by following a very simple procedure. You format your data as a CSV file and you upload it into the system. The system then makes all those graphs, it puts it on maps, it links different things, it makes it available for download. So a user really only is concerned with formatting the data in the right format. We've been trialing this in a number of different places. We've worked with Lakeland University in Holland to work on a city of VHAY. We've worked with a number of different groups in Cape Town. We've been working with Japan here in Beijing. And we're trying out how can we involve a wide variety of people in uploading and contributing data. And something we're finding out in Cape Town is you really don't need to necessarily work exclusively with people who work in this field. We've done a number of projects with citizens who come together because they like, in this case, it's people who come together around the topic of open software. And it's people, it's web developers, activists, journalists who come together. You don't necessarily know anything about sustainability. But you go there and we explain what we do. And they say, well, that's interesting. I'm concerned about this topic, how can I help? And it turns out that you don't necessarily need to know about sustainability to contribute pieces of information to this. So we've had people who know about programming go to open street maps and crawl for all the different train stations in Cape Town. They uploaded it in here. We've got someone who, again, knows about journalism and gathering information who went to the ratchet of the city of Cape Town and found all the information about the dam levels in the city and populated that information. And it's really great to see how people who we normally don't get data from now contribute information to the system. And there's lots of things to do. We're only scratching the surface. And we're only trying to figure, we're only now starting to figure out how are things different in different cities. And in Cape Town, we have non-sineration plans. The paint show does that here, there's a number of incineration plans. So we have to just add a new type of facility to make sure we accommodate them. It's a very simple example. But we'll come across many of these different issues that we'd like to solve with the community, with the people that do work. So this is very much a collaborative project that is at its infancy. But we think it provides some potentially. So our goals with this project are to take urban materialism to a more practical level. And we want, in the first stage, we just want to populate the system with information. Just have all these little bits and pieces in there. We don't look at the city as a whole. We want to unpack the box and look at, you can see it, at land-fill level, at suburb level, at whatever level data is available. So it's very much tapers to this multi-level data upload. At the same time, our goal is to say, well, once we have information, we must start doing the things that we as academics do. We must put together a system-wide understanding of what happens in the city. But we don't do that as a starting point. The starting point is to put all these pieces in. Then we can try to understand the different systems of water cycle and the food cycle and why not. But ultimately, our third phase of the project is to develop tools around this. So we'd like to see, and we are engaging with city officials, to say, what do you need to help your decision-making? What do you need to help with policy-making? And some of the things that we have planned, you can imagine if you have a number of different data sets for every city around the same time. You can do a lot of interesting things with that. If you take the example of waste, let's say, we have different waste technologies. So again, you can talk about incineration and a plan-filled solution. Then you can talk about the waste collect waste with all the different technologies. And there's different types of methods being used in different cities. Now, if we have lots of data that paints the clear picture of the environmental impact of the current method employed in the city. And at the same time, we have similar data sets, obviously, that use other technologies. City officials can say, well, let me use the system to try and understand what would the impact be of swapping out all the technologies, of upgrading, of employing different tools. Would that ultimately, if the system allows them to forecast what the environmental impact would be? And again, here we need a city-wide impact, because you can't just talk about waste. You need to see what the total impact is. But if our system can help understand the total impact, it becomes much easier for city officials to get a better understanding of impact of the decision-making. Now, you can think of many other tools that you can offer to city officials and practitioners that help them make better decisions and that help them understand better what the impact is of different alternatives. And as I said, we very much at the beginning phase, but our goal really is to provide tools that are useful at a practical level. We don't know yet exactly how we'll get there, but we think that the first step is to create this kind of tool and to engage with relevant people. So that's our system 30 in place. And I'd like to ask Yupeng to continue to talk about the system. Shall I help Yupeng again? No, maybe I can. My bestie? No, I have to move to the other part. OK, so to introduce, we have worked with Yupeng, who's based in the German, and who's done a lot of MFA work, we've worked together on working on Beijing, which is far, very far from home, but for Yupeng, much closer to home. So I'll leave you here.