 Assalamu alaikum warahmatullahi wabarakatuh, welcome to Ahkam SOS, the show that discusses religious duties and practices by His Eminence, the Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Salik Shirazi. I'm your host, Mohsin Shah, and join me as always as Sheikh Ali Ma'as, salamu alaikum sheikhna. Wa alaikum as-salam warahmatullahi. Let's move our discussion onto an issue where there's no water for wudu or for ghusl. What does one do in that situation? Insha'Allah. Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Rahim. Wa sallallahu ala Muhammadin wa aalihi al-tayyibin al-taahirin. For example, in such case that there is no availability of the means of wudu, i.e. the water, for example. And Allah swt had made a replacement for the wudu, and instead of the wudu, you can do something else called tayammum. As the hadith says by the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa alayhi, جُعُلَتْ لِيَ الْأَرْضُ مَسْجِدَنُ مَالْطَهُورَةَ The earth is the place for prostration, sujood, and for purifying oneself, tahoor. So the earth is another way that we can use it for the purpose of doing the tahara and for the purpose of the praying, and so forth. So tayammum is instead of wudu. When we have situations that we cannot use water for any reason, given reason, by the shara, then we can actually switch to using tayammum. Shaykh Nur, you mentioned that there is a hadith in regards to tayammum, but what about the Quran? Because the Quran mentions wudu, does it actually talk about tayammum at all? The holy Quran also speaks about the tayammum in Surah Al-Ma'idah verse 6. Allah SWT says, I'll just take the part which we need for the tayammum. فَلَمْ تَجِدُ مَاءً فَا تَيَمَّمُوا صَعِيدًا طَيْبًا If you don't find water, then replace it with and switch to tayammum. A pure and clear means of tayammum. Then the verse says فَمْ سَحُوا بِوَجُوْهِكُمْ وَإِدِيَكُمْ Then wipe the face and both hands. So the ayah there, talking about tayammum, is mentioning wiping. The word is مَمْ سَحُوا, correct? Whereas with wudu in the ayah, it says فَخْصِلُو as in to wash the face and wash a vehicle. Exactly because with regard to tayammum, you're not going to use any means of water or liquid. In tayammum, you're going to be using only clay or soil and such like. So what you get out of the tayammum is possibly small particles of dust. Okay. And the only thing you can do is just to wipe it on the face and both hands. So it's only to do with wiping and there's no washing at all. Because it's actually replacing the wudu, the washing. So is tayammum only used when there's no water available? Is that the only circumstances or there's other situations you are allowed to do tayammum? Well, there are seven criteria for the one to be able to switch from wudu to tayammum. The first one is when you have no water available to use. And of course obtaining water, let's say it's not possible at all. Let's say the one is traveling from one country to another. You're in the middle of the road, desert or jungle or anything else. There's no water available. In this case, you can actually switch to tayammum. Of course, the one should make his efforts and try to find water first. You know, you can't just switch straight away. Oh, there's no water, I just switch to tayammum. Pray and you have to make sure that you put reasonable efforts to find water. And but if somebody failed to find the water after his attempts and searches, then they can actually switch to tayammum and do the tayammum and pray. So Tom, any other situations? With regard to the same criteria, which is about not being able to find water. They said, also mentioned another issue here and Mas'ala, that if you have a small amount of water, let's say a cup of water, and this cup of water is enough for you to perform the wudu. I mean, this is very enough, more than enough to do the wudu with this cup of water. You're not allowed to throw this away and do tayammum because it's haram. But if somebody does such a thing, well, now you are in a position and situation that you have lost water, now your hukum and subject changes. So now you can do the tayammum, of course, but you have done sin. Now, the next criteria is when there's an excuse that you cannot actually reach the water. There are reasons that prevents the one to get the water, especially those who live in villages and remote areas away from the cities, living in forests, for example, in deserts and so forth, where they have very restricted access to water. So let's say there's a stream of water nearby the village and there are beasts and animals, such as lion and so forth, around that stream. And it's really difficult and dangerous for the one to go and get water. In this situation, you can actually switch to tayammum and do tayammum and pray because the situation is difficult. Even if it's, let's say, it's extremely cold, that you live somewhere close to the North Pole or South Pole, for example. It's extremely cold. If you go out, you might get frostbite. It's too dangerous. In this case, if you have a clay or soil, you can also do the tayammum instead of the water, although it's outside, but it's difficult to reach. Now, the third criteria is when the use of water is harmful, especially for those who are elderly, those who are in illness situation and they cannot use the water due to the skin infection or burns and so forth. If this is a situation and it is a real situation, I mean, let's say the doctors with advice not to, let's say, use the water for a whole month, for example, for the situation of burns and so forth, then the one can switch to use tayammum instead of water when it's harmful on the body of that person. Now, let's move to the next criteria, which is number four, and it is the fear of thirst. Again, you are in a situation in a drought land and there is no access to water. You have very little water left for yourself, for your family, and even those who live in villages for their animals, for example, that if you don't give them the water, they would die, for example, or get illness and so forth. In this case, you must do tayammum and keep and reserve the water for the purpose of drinking. So the life of the humanity, or even the animals as well, as I say it says, it's also respected and protected. So you keep that water for drinking only. You don't use it for the water because you need for the drink and you switch to tayammum straight away. Now, the fifth criteria with this regard is when there's a shortage of water for washing. As you well know that if the one wants to perform a prayers, he must be in purity in terms of his body and clothes. So if there's an impurity on the body or the clothes, he must make sure that he washes them and purifies them and then enter into the Salah and begins his prayers. In such cases where there's short availability of water for washing, now you have two options. Other, I use this water to purify my body which is nudges and wash it and lose the water. Or I keep the water, I do the Wudu with it, but I will remain with the Najasa on my body and clothes. So the third says here that, well, what is important here is the purity of the body and the clothes. So you take this little water, little water remained, you purify your body, the Najasa, you remove them and the clothes as well. And because you don't have any more water available and access to, you switch to Teyamum. So you do Teyamum and you pray with a pure body and clothes. So Tahara is the main issue. They say it prioritizes the Tahara first and then you switch to Teyamum. So that's important. Exactly. Now the sixth criteria with regard to the Teyamum is that you have to make sure that like the other Hakam in Wudu, for example, in Ghusul, that the water that you use must not be usurped. Okay. You must have the permission to use the water in Ghusul, to use the water in Wudu, and to use that soil or clay or such like or rock for the Teyamum with the permission if somebody owns these things. For example, if you got somebody's farm or somebody's house without permission, you must make sure that you do the Teyamum and you're allowed to use these particles and means of Teyamum. Otherwise, the Teyamum would be void and battle like the Wudu and Ghusul. The last criteria with regard to Teyamum is when the time is too short. Again, the example would be usually for the morning prayer, the Fajr prayer, when the one wakes up, let's say only five minutes remaining for the sunrise and he's in the state of, let's say, Janaabe and he wants to do Teyamum instead of the Ghusul of Janaabe or even if it's really short as I've mentioned in the last episodes about the Wudu and Teyamum that you switched even to the Teyamum instead of Wudu when you have only, let's say, two minutes left to the sunrise. So straight away, Teyamum, which is faster than the Wudu and then you start to pray straight away. So Sheikh Na'a, what is the actual method and technique of performing Teyamum? Well, Teyamum is also part of the Ibadah and worship and again requires Niyah and intention to get close and near to Allah SWT. With this intention, you begin the Teyamum. So intention is very important in worships and Ibadah. So the first criteria is intention. The second criteria is to strike both hands on a valid surface which I'll mention, inshallah, in the next episode that on what materials we can actually do the Teyamum. So strike the hands on, let's say, the soil or the clay. For now, okay, so the clay. Yes, and then you raise both hands and then you begin to wipe the forehead only. So from where the hairline grows all the way down and over the eyebrows and to the top of the nose. So you end up to the top of the nose. That's the limit for the Teyamum unlike the Wudu, the end of the chin. And the third criteria is to actually wipe both hands. So after wiping the forehead, the full and all the forehead you wipe the right hand with the bottom of the left hand and then you wipe the left hand with the bottom of the right hand from the wrist. That's important that you actually begin from the wrist and all the way down. Awesome. So talk me through it as sheikhna. So first thing I do is I strike my hands on the surface. Exactly. Now I'm going to have dust on there. Do I keep the dust or am I allowed to? Oh, you can just. Okay, so I'll brush it off. I've done the near intention. I slam it down, click off dust and then I go from my hairline down like this to the top of my nose like that. Exactly. Okay. But you have to make sure that it covers all the forehead and the eyebrows as well. The eyebrows as well. So like that. Yeah. And then you end up on your exactly top of the nose. And then from there like that and like that. That's it. That's it. Yeah. That's it. Yeah. Thank you very much sheikhna. But can I do this also for ghusl or is it just for wudu only? For the ghusl, you just have to add another action, which means you have to strike again for the second time both hands after you have wiped your forehead, the complete forehead and both hands. You strike again the soil or the clay. You strike again with both hands and you just wipe the right and the left and that's it. Now we have the tayammum instead of ghusl. Ghusl. It's just you add another action and which is the second wiping on both hands. So we started like this, right? Exactly. And we did this. Exactly. And then we did this. I did this. And then you say you got to strike one more time. Second time. Yes. Exactly. And then like that and like that. Now this is this is instead of ghusl. So tayammum instead of ghusl. Can I pray salah with this? So for example, I woke up in the morning. I was in Junub. Wasn't much time for fajr. Three, four minutes left for fajr. I know I can't do ghusl. Can I do this for the Junub? Exactly. And pray my salah. Exactly. This type of tayammum is for the ghusl and instead of ghusl, where you have only short term as I've mentioned and described in the beginning of the episode that if let's say somebody wakes up only five minutes before the sunrise and he's in state of Junub and there's no, let's say, time to actually do the ghusl. The ghusl takes time to go to the bath, the shower and so forth. So makes the intention of that. This this this tayammum is badal ghusl. Nisedub ghusl. And he strikes twice. So the first one to do as you mentioned and then the second strike both hands and then he begins his Salah straight away. So after, of course, if he's got the time to actually clean up the areas which are najis quickly and then he begins his Salah with the tayammum badal and instead of ghusl. I thank you very much. And thank you to our viewers for joining us on this discussion. If you have any questions in Ghusl, tayammum or any other sort of eqam, please send them to the contact details provided. Inshallah, the Sheikh will be addressing them on other episodes. Until the next time, look off the water. Salamu alaykum wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh.