 Just a brief introduction. First of all, my name is Connie Soryo. I am the migrant justice coordinator at Kairos. This is the second webinar that we've done so far. The first one was on March 31st and we had about 55 people joined us and the conversation where the theme is around the impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic on temporary foreign workers, undocumented workers and refugees. At the last webinar, we had four speakers and they are here today as well. So we had Anne Whitley from the Cooper Institute in PEI. We had Sanchavis Kubar from United Food and Commercial Workers Union and also with the Abicucho Workers Alliance. Tiwa Marsilino from Migrante Manitoba in Winnipeg and we had Roland and Gina Moreno from New Brunswick. I do not see Roland and Gina joining us today and I've been trying to get in touch with them but I'm not hearing back. So I think they're not able to join us. From the last conversation, we received or we heard updates from the different provinces on how the pandemic is and continues to impact temporary foreign workers. Particularly temporary foreign workers, those who are coming in to work in the farms and also those who are already here. For today, we will continue to hear updates from the four speakers and we will also hear from Claire who has introduced herself earlier. She was the former president of the Canadian Council on Refugees from 2017 to 2019. And she is the ministry, well, from the diocese of London and the ministry specialist on Indian protection. So Claire will basically give us an update on how the pandemic is impacting refugees, claimants, refugees and protected persons who are here in Canada. After the sharing, we would open it up for people in the room to give us an update from where they're coming from. So pretty much in 10 minutes. And then we will look at, what are the recent announcements at the federal level with regards to strengthening protection of temporary foreign workers? And later on, we can continue the conversation on how we can all be of support to the workers coming in and to those who are already here. So we can start with, well, we can start with the updates and I guess we can start with Diva. Hi everyone, I'm Diva with Migrante Manitoba. I've been an organizer with Migrante starting in Toronto since 2001. In Manitoba, the COVID-19 pandemic has affected workers in different ways. The granted mainly works with permanent residents, temporary foreign workers and also migrant workers and also undocumented workers. So off the bat, we know that many workers in the meat processing industry, the industry with the largest share of temporary foreign workers, has laid off quite a few workers in order to keep safe businesses. But we are still receiving reports that workers are still working very closely with each other. And we know in the past, there's been incidents like inadvertent stabbings and cuts because workers are working very close to each other and that has not changed. Workers are still working less than a meter away from each other. We're also looking at, we're also helping a number of undocumented workers, workers who've had status in the past but have lost their status. Some of these workers or most of these workers are still in the process of getting their way back to getting their status. But in the meantime, they're left, unfortunately, they're not able to, for the most part, able to access federal income supports. But that's why we're calling on the government, federal government to give federal income supports to all workers regardless of status. And also healthcare to all workers regardless of status. And also, we've also had a number of reports from permanent residents themselves. We consider workers with permanent resident status to also be precarious like temporary foreign workers, seasonal agricultural workers, refugee claimants and undocumented workers because many workers are still trying to find their way towards citizenship. And we often see that employers will use this against them and sometimes exploit them in different ways. So in Manitoba, we are still seeing much of the same abuses as before with migrant workers. But now with the COVID crisis, we find that many are left without income supports. So that's a little bit of an update in Manitoba. Thank you, Tiwa. Anne? Sure. So in Prince Edward Island, we still don't have very many workers here. But those who are here, there are concerns about losing income because of reduced work hours. And I'm not sure that the, I think Connie, you've actually been maybe in touch with a few workers who've had some issues getting access to the emergency benefits and the employment insurance. And I've heard from one or two as well that that's a little complicated. And I think that if, I also think that there are workers in Prince Edward Island who don't speak English and that information, I'm not sure that it's available in other languages. And isolation is an issue for the workers who are here. They're being, they're obviously a lot less mobile and reporting that they're not sort of, they're keeping being kept very separate from other workers. I just heard our Premier say in a press conference that he had told the federal government that we don't need as many foreign workers this year, which is a little odd because the farmers are complaining that they haven't gotten here yet. And I know that our lobster fishery or all of our shellfish fisheries depend on workers in processing. So I'm not sure what that's all about. I think that we know from some of the Mexican workers who are still in touch with, who are still in Mexico that they want to come here, although there is some concern about what will happen when they come, how they'll be protected. But this is really important. A lot of the workers who come to Prince Edward Island every year have been coming for decades in some cases. So this is a really crucial part of their income. So I hope that we can find a way of getting them here. We did hear, I also heard the Premier say that those workers who do come will be undergoing self-isolation in hotels. They've booked rooms for people to do that. Of course, it's the employers who are supposed to make sure that all of the considerations around self-isolation are taken into account and that workers are paid for their two weeks and that they have enough food and access to everything that they need. We're part of the Migrant Rights Network. And so as Idiwa said, really advocating for total access to the supports regardless of immigration status for undocumented workers as well. And the other thing that we've been sort of involved with with the Migrant Rights Network would be just making sure that those guidelines around what happens when workers get here and they're needing to self-isolate, making sure that those are followed and that they're monitored, that workers have a way of complaining if they feel they're not, if they're not being paid, if they don't have what they need, if the measures aren't adequate enough for their safety. And I think the other thing that I would say, I can put the link in the chat box, but there have been a couple of articles. There was one yesterday in the Toronto Star that I'm not sure if anyone saw, but it was there, there was an interview with a worker who felt that he arrived in Canada a little while ago in I think the Niagara region and didn't feel that he had received the information that he needed to keep safe. And so there were some local activists also interviewed and making the point that this needs to, everything needs to be completely accessible and in people's language and there needs to be more monitoring of these guidelines. So I think that's my update. Thank you very much, Anne. I just want to add a little bit because I've been in contact with the temporary workers who are in O'Leary, they're working at the South Shore Love Sur processing or yeah, fish plant. And in one of the houses provided by the employers, there's about 32 of them. And so it is a concern about being able to follow the physical distancing, and also then being provided with the necessary, health, say this infectant soaps and so forth. I was also informed that many of the workers who are in that particular house were denied or refused access to employment insurance. They are expecting about 76 for the first year for just a particular plan. They're expecting 76 more temporary workers to arrive soon although the opening of the season has been postponed for about two weeks, I think. So I've connected with Anne and we're planning to do a webinar with these workers in terms of being able to support them in accessing EI, finding out why they were refused in the first place and providing that support that no, they should be included in being able to access EI and all forms of income benefits for workers who are not able to work yet or that they're waiting for the season to start. So that's a bit of an update from O'Leary. We can go to Santiago. Hi everyone, here's Santiago with U of CW. So a quick update following loving efforts by U of CW advocates, community allies, migrant workers have achieved paid protection and employment insurance, the eligibility for those who are laid off have become ill or have to quarantine due to COVID-19. So meaning that migrant workers arriving in Canada will be paid during self-isolation. These are very good news. In light of the fact that they would likely otherwise be working, are self-isolating for health and safety reasons and to ensure that workers can adequately take care of themselves while in self-isolation. So while we welcome these measures, our union is concerned that workers are not able to practice appropriate physical distancing in their cramp, leaving quarters and closed working spaces. We all know they leave the shared spaces with 10, 15, 20 workers in some cases in one house. And that they may be vulnerable to contracting COVID-19 as we have already seen migrant workers contracting the COVID-19 in Kelowna and now in Ontario. So it is a time bomb because unfortunately we have learned that most of the employers are not implementing accordingly. We also learned a couple of days ago that agriculture minister announced 50 million in federal funding to provide $1,500 per worker which can be used to cover wages while there are in quarantine or they're cause of space to isolate for 14 days. But it's gonna be, this funding goes to farmers, to employers. So we believe that migrant workers who play such essential role in sustaining our food supply chain should be properly compensated for the work during this crisis. And this is why we are calling on the government to mandate a $2 wage increase for all migrant farm workers participating in the temporary foreign workers program and in the seasonal agricultural workers program. And now is also an appropriate time to question our reliance on the temporary foreign workers program. When we know that migrant and temporary foreign workers are critical to feeding our cities and make it possible for us to have food on our tables. So we should instead be prioritizing pathways to permanent residents for these workers, not only because it's the human thing to do as the right thing to do, but also because it is essential to sustaining our food supply particularly in this time of crisis. So this is my update. Thank you very much, Sanchaco. From the last webinar, it was pointed out that, we did not have much update or sharing on what the pandemic is impacting refugees. So that's why I invited Claire to give us an update on how this is impacting refugee claimants and also in terms of what the CCR is doing. Claire. Hello, everybody. So thank you, Connie, for inviting me today. My work is mainly with refugee claimants, convention refugees, but often I also find that there's a cross-section between the two populations, which is the migrant workers and the refugees. So this is very important for me to hear those updates. So thank you. So I guess what I'm gonna be bringing is just a little bit of what we know as we also just trying to learn information daily almost and we just try to cope with what it is. But I guess in the forefront for advocacy, this is actually a joint call from the Canadian Council for Refugees, the Amnesty International, the Canadian Association of Refugee Lawyers and the BC Save and Liberty Association is to ask the minister to reconsider opening the borders to refugee claimants just like with the exception with some international students and temporary foreign workers. Because as you know, the borders have been closed to refugee claimants. It will be a month now next week. And this really posed a whole lot of legal implications. I'm not gonna say what those are, but it is truly violating international legal obligations on the practical side on how that plays in the ground. We are very much worried that refugee claimants as some of you may know only has one time opportunity and a lifetime to make a refugee claim. So although we are told that if they make a claim at the border or at the regular border and are turned away, we were told that there's a dialogue that they will not be penalized and will not be detained when sent back to the US. For sure, hopefully that is what's happening. If that's really what's happening, we don't know. And unless we find that when the borders are reopened and if they're truly allowed to make a claim and not get penalized on that one time when they already made that initial claim, we will never know. So we will always keep a very, we're gonna be remain vigilant on this particular issue because this is truly violating human rights. So that is as far as the borders for COVID-19. As far as the refugee claimants that are already here in Canada, but are in the process of making the refugee claim, there is a process of email between IRCC that has IRCC has issued directives. So they will acknowledge the claim and hopefully that will allow refugee claimants to access services. However, that means in this world today where there is really no frontline workers on the settlement advisors in their offices, I'm not really sure how refugee claimants are going to be able to access that help. So we try, like for me, I try to do as much as a remote support as I can. But it is happening, they can still make a claim if you know someone that is interested in making a claim, there is still a process for that. Maybe later we could share the link. There's a very up with the CCR where you can find all the resources and to help refugee claimants. Now for those refugee claimants who are already in the system and now have to face the fact that they don't have now legal representation to help them during this time and they have deadlines to meet, especially with their basis of claim, that's where the actual story and the actual claim to go to the Immigration and Refugee Board, that deadline has been extended up to May 30th and hopefully that nobody falls between the cracks. But even though that 30th, there's still that worry that if we reopen services in May 15, let's pretend all these refugee claimants will now scram and find their lawyers and meet that May 30 deadline. So we're gonna continue to watch out for those as well. As far as also the Immigration and Refugee Board, especially for those that are waiting, the refugee hearings, as you know, for the longest time, we have refugee claimants have been waiting for so long. What originally was supposed to be a 30 day and a 45 hearing process has now turned to one year and prior to this COVID, it has been 18 months and it was actually unfortunate because it was during the time, this time that the Immigration and Refugee Board has actually now have utilized the additional funding that they have received from the federal government and now everything will be put to a semi stop. I think, and this is also sufficient, that maybe they are going through some paper review. Paper review is where there's those cases that can actually be decided positively on paper but not on a negative, the decision on paper. But still, this will be very difficult because some of the paper review actually requires refugee claimants to submit paper evidence. So within that time. So we're still also, even though that process is there, we are, I'm not sure. Another problem that we are facing and which is huge is work permits. Work permits for refugee claimants that have been waiting since the process, since COVID has started, those work permits that are expiring, that, you know, that what will be the directives to the employers, will they let go of this employees? But just so you know, majority of these refugee claimants are working at the agricultural sector and the health sector. We have, there's so many personal support workers for refugee claimants and many refugees. It hasn't been that it's a, most of the work permits, especially like late last year, have only been issued for a year. So those are all expiring. And there is really no way to renew work permits right now because there is a biometrics requirement as of this time. And biometrics for refugee claimants is quite impossible for the majority because they don't have the identification to even complete biometrics. So that is that. But there is like, well, the CCR, the Caging Council for Refugees, have an ongoing dialogue with the immigration refugee board citizenship of Canada and the Canada Border Service Agency regularly during this time. So we're able to really bring cases forward and see what directions we're going to move forward. The last one I think we had was April, right around refugee rights day. And I know we're going to have one soon. Another one, if I have two more minutes, Connie, is this for convention refugees? Convention refugees are those the ones that have already successfully passed their refugee hearing and now actually are in the middle of the process of reuniting families. So there are many visas already, travel ready family members that are about to join refugees in Canada, but unfortunately with international organization of migration also halted. Also the visa application centers where they biometrics, where they're going to get their passport, those are also stopped. So there's a really bit of worry, a lot of worry that those visas will expire. And when those visa expire, how, what will be though the policy for those visa office as far as moving forward. Lastly, is as far as the practical help to access Thurb and the EI, it is very financially, it's very, we find that there are many that are falling between the cracks. That's another sort of like basket that I'm thinking that truly are not, just able to access any. And even those that some that are able to have entire your works at least, but they're still not able to have, let's just say refugee claimants that have been here last year, they have not filed their taxes yet. So they don't have the GSD that is helpful to many of us. Also, I find that no matter what, refugee claimants for the most part have only access internet in public places. They're not able to afford internet. So what is simple to others for us to say that, oh, just apply online or even in phone, that they have very limited minutes on their phone. It's those pay as you go. They're not able to do so. And what worries me the most about internet, though that might not be a lot, is because this is their number one sort of mental health solution because that's the only thing that they have access to families outside Canada without internet. Now we are very worried on the mental health on those people that are isolated and totally alone living here. So that's a little bit of the shortcut of what I can give you. And thank you for this opportunity. Thank you. Thank you very much Claire. It is very, very informative and helpful for us to understand how refugees are being impacted. I just want to add on the two points that you mentioned. One is the work permits. This also applies to temporary foreign workers, caregivers and other workers in other streams of the program. Many of them have applied the permanent, to renew the permanent residency. No, sorry. Many of them have applied to renew their work permits and some of them have been waiting for three months and they are not hearing anything. So they are going to lose the 90, if this work permits are refused then they already lost the 90 days window to be able to restore their status. Also in terms of visas to families issued to refugees and also temporary workers who had already been accepted as permanent residents in Canada. So family reunification is also very much affected. Visits have been issued but because countries and even Canada is not allowing permanent residents who have not landed in Canada yet to arrive. The possibility or visas expiring and what would be the next steps for them. If they have to renew the visas it's going to be an additional cost for them. Also in terms of settlement organizations or agencies in Ontario, I don't know how it is in other provinces but in Ontario offices are closed, the agencies are closed but they are providing skeletal staffing in the office to be able to respond to phone calls and be able to assist refugees, temporary workers and permanent residents who are in precarious and vulnerable situations, assisting them over the phone. So we've heard these updates from our presenters. We've heard about in the sharing many of the concerns raised includes the ability of the migrant workers to be able to access the aid packages that the federal and provincial governments have been announcing. This is a big concern because although on papers and in those announcements they are saying that foreign migrant workers are able or are included in these packages but we all know as well that when it comes to implementation, there's a lot of problems there. One of the biggest problems is how foreign workers can access information. How foreign workers can get support or assistance in filing for access. Where would it go? Claire mentioned that many of them did not have access or did not have personal computers or internet and they go to libraries or settlement agencies to be able to use computers and be able to apply online. We also heard about how the Minister of Agriculture had been assuring us that the physical distancing is going to be implemented by employers and that these workers are going to be paid for the two weeks that they are doing self isolation. But we already heard that some of the workers are not getting access to this two week isolation with pay and also housing is still a big problem. We at Kairos, we are in the process of coming out with an advocacy letter, advocacy campaign in terms of supporting those asks that despite the fact that we are encouraged by these announcements it is very different when it comes to what's happening on the ground. Like how access is provided to temporal workers and documented workers and refugees. I wonder if a part of the conversation we're going to have in the few minutes remaining, if we can hear from you in terms of what are you doing in the organizations that you're in or with as an individual in terms of providing assistance and an accompaniment to the workers who are in your communities. I could start, I guess. I think at this point we're really just trying to keep in touch with workers who are already here. And be open to supporting them in whatever way they need. But I think also the advocacy is really important and making sure that those programs are accessible. And because the barriers, as you just really outlined those perfectly, they're worse. They're more significant right now in terms of communication. And of course the condition around housing those things were bad to begin with and they're good and it's worse now and with very serious implications for people's health and well-being. So I think as much as that's kind of where we're at to largely it's advocacy, getting in touch with our MPs, sharing information on Facebook and sort of mobilizing the sort of community of people who have some connection with workers who are here so that they just keep in touch. Thank you, Anne. In P, I know that there is a group of Chinese speaking workers who are both working in fish plants but also in the farms. I met some of them and a lot of them do not speak English. So it is a big barrier for them to, one, understand what are they entitled to and also how they can express what they're going through the exploitation and need that they are facing, the challenges they are facing. And I guess this is also true to other provinces where those working in remote communities are not able to speak the language fluently and feeling very isolated and feeling detached and not supported. Other places? If I may jump in, as UFCW and the Agricultural Workers Alliance we have a toll-free and also we have social media vehicles. So we are trying to spread the word because we have seen that a lot of migrant workers, they don't know how to prevent, they don't know what to do if they contracted the virus, they don't know procedures and also I think it's important to coordinate with sending countries. So we are in contact with the government of Guatemala and Mexico. So we're coordinating with these governments too. A lot of migrant workers are calling, especially from Mexico, because they don't know what's next. They don't know if they'll be able to travel to Canada this year or not, or in many cases they already got their flight tickets and they couldn't fly to Canada. So we are also providing assistance to these workers and for those that want to try the employment insurance benefits because just to mention a farm in the Cinco area, they stopped working because of the COVID-19. So these workers apply and we will see how it goes after the next couple of days. And also those who are experiencing abuses, we're still assisting these workers to apply to obtain an open work permit as vulnerable workers. So the good news is that IRCC is still processing these work permits. And yeah, that's all on my end. Thank you, Santiago. I'm wondering, Father Peter. Yes. Yeah. So yeah, I'm in a unique position because I've got on the one hand contact with the migrant workers. I mean, not that I've seen many in town. So they're just coming in a little bit at a time. But I'm also in touch with the farmers. So I know that we know there's many examples of tough situations or unjust. I could say that at least for my community, I'm only talking about a handful that I know from my church, the farmers are very good to their workers from what I've been there. They treat them humanely. And they themselves don't have all the answers either. They're trying to get the information because everything is changing, evolving and so forth. So yeah, so I see them making an effort like the other day, one of the farmers asked me, can you help me put some like a little package or a little instructions for them? And I said, well, I said, there's a YouTube video put up by the migrant worker community. And it's actually bilingual. I don't know if anybody's seen it. It was made by the Ontario Provincial Police and it's bilingual in conjunction with the farm worker, migrant worker community. It was well done, just the basics about the COVID, the crisis, the health being quarantined, washing your hands, so forth and so on. And also where they can, in general, where they can go if they have any concerns. So that's one sort of assistance, but you're right, there needs to be a lot more information sharing. And then we have a lady here who kind of becomes kind of a conduit of information because when the workers are here, she has a little business of helping them transfer or send back money back home. So right now she set up a kind of a on the WhatsApp chat because guys have been asking, saying, what's going on? How's the situation? We don't know. So yeah, there's still a lot of uncertainty and aside, coupled with even before the pandemic in this area, there are already some cutbacks because of international trade, whatever. So there are things that were going on beforehand. So it's a difficult situation right now. Thank you very much. You're welcome. I just like to, if Anne has pre-prepared letters that have gone to MPs or could go or posts to Facebook, that would be great to share on the chat or afterwards to everybody because I think that would help kickstart us to move ahead on this. And the same thing with other links that Santiago had mentioned and so on. That would be really helpful. Thanks, Suzanne. Hi, Catherine. Hi. How are you? I'm good. I'm in the Beamsville Vineland area. And we have 203 workers at the moment, 30 women. And I'm one of four churches involved in an organization to help them. And if before the virus arrived, we were having dinner every Sunday with all the workers. And of course, now we can't do that. So at this point, one of the churches is delivering food every week, fresh bread and buns and cakes and to the workers. But they're lonely because they miss seeing each other. Catherine, are you with the Anglican Church? With the United Church. Oh, with the United Church. But the Anglican Church, St. Albans is the one who really organized this whole thing. Yeah, yeah. And they, I'm gonna try and get someone from that group to come on the webinar. And Catherine, if you know, you can have a worker join us. That might be difficult because... They are working or they feel, you know, a threatened or, yeah. No, I'm flexible, yeah. I think it would be difficult to get them in here. Get them to join in because they are at work. Yeah, yeah. The timing is not conducive for them. Although we are trying to organize webinars, you know, to just for workers, to have a forum where they can, you know, they can share information but also to break the isolation. Yes. So that they would feel they're connected, even given, you know, the current situation. But being in a webinar and seeing other people and talking the same issues, I think, you know, that would help them as well. Yeah. So I'm organizing one with the workers in Lamington in Kingsville. And also I just spoke to Anne and we're organizing one as well in, you know, for the workers in Old Leary or in PEI. So maybe it can help us organize, you know, one for the Binsville area. Are most of them Spanish speaking? Yes, yes, they are. Yeah, we can bring in Alfredo. Oh, and Shannon, you know. Yeah. We'll get in touch with you in terms of, you know, how we can and when we can, you know, organize this webinar to reach out to workers there. Well, I will speak to one of the other organizers and we'll see what we can do. Okay. Thank you so much. Okay. Okay, bye. Bye. We have four minutes remaining and I guess what is very important, you know, in the conversation or in this webinar is the ability to be able to share, you know, information on the ground and also looking at what each and every one of us are doing in terms of being able to support directly or being, yeah, the affected workers, refugees and the vulnerable community and also finding support in how we can, you know, we can do things both at the community level and at the federal level. As mentioned, you know, earlier, there's a lot to do in terms of making sure that, you know, any of the policies or action that the government is doing in response to the pandemic in response to providing support to people who are vulnerable and precarious that, you know, we follow up and we make sure that these are implemented and that we become, I wouldn't say the third person but we become the bridge, you know, between the implementation of these policies and those people who are needing the support. We are all rooted in, you know, in our organizations in our communities and one of the strengths I guess that we can do is really have our eyes and ears open making sure that both the workers are protected and that the employers or the farm owners are abiding by the measures that, you know, the guidelines that both the federal and the provincial government have put in place in ensuring the protection of, you know, the temporary workers. In the next, you know, webinar, I am hoping that, you know, we would be able to invite farm owners to share, you know, what are the challenges they're facing and also to hear from them how they are implementing, you know, these measures and also from directly, you know, inviting an agricultural worker or workers in terms of what they are experiencing on the ground, not to, you know, to have these two groups face-to-face and possibly open to, you know, conflict or anything, but really in terms of making us understand where are the gaps and how can we jump in and be able to support both? We've already, we've been saying that, you know, farm growers and migrant workers are important in ensuring that there's food security, that, you know, the food supply in Canada is not impacted, but our need should be consistent to, you know, promoting and respecting the human rights of everyone, especially the workers. One thing also that I'm looking at or we're looking at at Kairos is how our personnel support workers or health workers are, you know, surviving or coping with these challenges. They are in the front lines in terms of providing support and care to infected or, you know, people, especially those in the nursing, you know, or long-term healthcare or facilities. So these are the, you know, these are the two things or two topics that we want to explore in, you know, the next webinar. We've said in the past that, you know, we're doing this every two weeks. I don't know if that is still, you know, a goal for the people who are in the call right now. And yeah, and if we can also just get a brief feedback in terms of how you find this webinar helpful and useful in, you know, in our common understanding of what is happening and where we can jump in to provide support. I guess I want to, yeah, I want to close, you know, the webinar with a note or thoughts from, you know, from participants in terms of how you find this useful or helpful. I think this has been really very valuable and I'm not involved directly, but hearing the things that are possible to be involved in, I agree with, I think Anne, who said if you were to post the possible kind of letters and things that would be really helpful to me and I've learned a lot today. So I hope to come back in two weeks time. Thank you. I also want to say, this is Claire, I also want to say, you know, I think this is very helpful. I think it is very understandable that we all learn as we go along. There's nobody, nothing has prepared any one of us to this kind of situation and march more to the people that we're trying to help and serve. So the more information we have, I think that will be our weapon to move forward. So anything like this, thank you to Kyros for organizing it and looking forward to joining you in a couple of weeks. Thank you, Claire. This is Linda from Hamilton. I found this invaluable, I learned a great deal and I certainly support the idea of looking at the PSWs and what's been going on for them. I think this is a really critical issue and it's been going on a very long time and I think what the virus has done is helped us begin to realize the injustice that's been going on in that system for a very long time. So thank you immensely. I appreciate it very much. Yeah, thank you, Linda. I guess in that note, we can, you know, we can say we close the webinar and again, thank you, thank you so much to Santiago, to Anne, to Tiwa and to Claire for providing us updates from where they're coming from and the work that they're doing and for everyone, you know, for sharing your thoughts and you can always connect with us at Kyros in terms of what you can do, how you can support and also let us know how can we, you know, continue the work that we are doing. Thank you so much, everyone. Bye. Thank you, everyone. It's very, very good. Thank you. Bye.