 Good afternoon, and welcome to the Gerald R. Ford School of Public Policy Yeah, the University of Michigan before I introduce our guest and Speaker for today I just want to say a quick thanks to the communications department Cliff Martin who recently brought a new life into the world Which to some extent is the reason why we have talks like this to celebrate and understand what happens to life In this world when they come and when they go So a shout out to Cliff Martin who's not here Without whom this talk wouldn't be What it will be today. I want to thank Laura Lee here on Flores Nick Faust, Thomas Cook, Chris Myers and All from different parts of the Ford school and then Carl Cole will be walking around Taking photographs for part of it or sitting down taking photographs for part of it Who I recently made of the Secretary of State taking photographs followed me there. I was like wave following me. Yeah He said no the Ford school's got him covered in faculty at the Secretary of State Now that was supposed to be a joke. I I Agree with you. It wasn't funny. Those of you know me. It's not my strongest suit is to be funny. I'm normally pretty serious That's why my students some of them at least call me as serious So doctor professor Hauden I've known for over a decade and met in South Africa on a wilderness program with young and older men Talking about and engaging some of the more difficult issues that face our society both especially at the edges of our society and This was shortly after you parted a government in South Africa had been Removed and dr. Haden at the time and several others from different parts of the United States We're visiting South Africa in order to see what type of lessons what type of support Networks we could establish in terms of understanding some of the very difficult intellectual issues that face us as intellectuals So it's been a conversation for over a decade. It's the first time that I've managed to bring you to the University of Michigan So thank you for accepting Dr. Haden professor my bad Haden I met you before you became Has 25 years of experience in serving Serving and consulting and social services and community settings dr. Then currently serves as the director for northeastern Illinois University's master of social work program He specializes in Trauma and trauma work both traditional and non traditional interventions within community settings He's worked as a clinician administrator and educator and intellectual and advocate an advocate an activist I went and really thought I would invent a new word and Advocates, but I don't think that exists. I'm yet Community practitioner in the USA in many parts of the world He has served as a consultant with a range of institutions the city of Chicago Chicago public schools the Illinois Department of Human Services and the Illinois African-American coalition for prevention His research and work currently as a principal co-principal investigator with the Paul's University is Multiplay multi-faith veteran support project an initiative in the state of Illinois to build capacity in Support of veteran communities and their families Now before I welcome Dr. Haden to the table. I want to say two more things the first thing is another thanks to Dean Collins Who has worked hard to make spaces available for us here at the Ford at the Ford school to speak about some of the difficult issues that will be the subject of the talk today, I also want to add that Engaging with these issues at institutions of Higher learning whether it be in the United States or Elsewhere is an important task In my opinion not only for those of us who Identify and recognize ourselves as intellectuals but also those of us who identify and recognize ourselves as willing and prepared to lead in the process of holding such hard conversations and dialogues in society And I want to thank you for coming and I want to acknowledge many of the of you in the room whom I know In multiple capacities at the Ford school as being prepared to take up and To put in the time and effort that it requires When we have this type of privilege to sit in a classroom or in an auditorium to engage with these issues So I want to thank you for taking the time out of your very heavy schedules in your busy days at the end of the semester to engage with what Professor Hauden has to say and I'm gonna call him Troy Now because that's how I got to know him pre Some of these institutional badges that had set me sometimes where as a human being and as a person who comes from Chicago and who cares about some of these issues that will be the intellectual subject matter of his talk beyond its intellectual paradigm to include also his life and His cares and concerns which he has carried with him for and this is based on many of our conversations for most probably most of his life so Thank you very much for accepting our invitation. I'd like to welcome you to The general law Ford School of Public Policy, I think it's the first time I've said it so many times in one hour But that is my responsibility, so I will say it Please without any more of my words, please join us and be welcomed by some amazing minds and hearts that I That exist in this particular building Good afternoon or early evening. Thank you all. Thank you. Thank you First I just want to say thank you to Professor Henry Who I now know is Yazzirius, right you all gave me Just for really opening up the space and inviting me here. It's really a treat as Professor Henry mentioned Had opportunity to meet him in South Africa Engaging in some difficult dialogue if you will and I was struck by His seriousness and his intensity and his intellectual mind but more importantly by his heart and by his passion and his compassion and I view him as a mentor a peer a friend And an ongoing struggle and as a comrade an ongoing struggle to combine the two, you know that of Sound mind and analysis along with a caring heart towards these things that are happening out here in our community So thank you for the invitation and also to the general art force school of public policy It's truly an honor and a privilege to be here as well Just thinking I could be at the Woodrow Wilson School talking about these issues, right? And to be at a completely different conversation, correct, you know, so I'm really glad to be here today and Engaging in this at this Distinguished institution. So whenever I start any conversation. I always first like to just feel thanks to those who come before me my ancestors a mother birth of hard and father Brady hard and who instilled in me the desire and curiosity and thirst for knowledge, but then also The the idea of being a king with a common touch understanding what it meant to be able to have some form of analysis, but also Connect with what's happening on the ground As well as those who come before me who you don't see behind me a community and a wealth of people who support me and as Is there shared I really try to engage in these ideas In part because they're very personal for me As an educator and also as an administrator in higher education I believe that in education we create transformational spaces and Much like what I try to do in the trauma working community Here These things can happen in very profound ways, but I'm also really privileged to have an eight-year-old and the four-year-old I got eight-year-old daughter and a four-year-old son and they Help me and constantly remind me of how to keep that transformational space going at a home and so what just Saturday had a conversation with my daughter and Well, we were actually at a family function and We were getting ready to leave and one of the family members asked what are you guys getting ready to do and I said we get ready go see a movie and so they turn their attention to my children and asked Well, what movie are you guys going to see and they said we're going to see Zootopia, right? And I don't know if anybody's heard about the movies Zootopia. It's a really, you know cool movie That's out theaters and we hadn't seen it yet and so One of the family members asked my daughter. What's the movie about and my daughter responded? well Claire said that one of the characters is racist, right and I'm like whoa, right? Because we hadn't talked about the movie and of course Claire said what Claire said, right? You know it's been an ongoing thing in the household right and I'm sure it Claire's household is what Sonaya says my daughter so I was interested to see everybody's reaction because we all shocked I hadn't heard my daughter use the term before and so I was curious as to what she's gonna say So of course they asked her, you know, what is what does that mean? What is what is racism mean? What is racist mean and she paused and stopped and I'm on pins and needles like what what she has to say out her mouth and She says Well, I'm not real sure But I heard somebody say that Donald Trump was racist and so I'm thinking it's not such a good thing, right? You know, so I Was like what she didn't hear that from me, but ultimately I thought that was interesting in posing It's out of mouth for beige but What I'm bringing that up and bringing all that conversation is to say that whenever we talk about race whenever we have this discourse and dialogue Depending on who's in the room and how things are happening and how the conversation is happening It can go a lot of different ways And so the invitation here is that as we begin to have and have this discussion and talk about this and have this Conversation is that we look at it as challenged But also an opening to conversation and the ongoing conversation that we have to have in this country in particular We bring in the spectrum of violence. It becomes very critical as well. So I want to start here with This young man his name is Demarius Reed I received a phone call in 2013 It's actually a proper approximately a month before my last time that I was up in this area and the phone call was from one of my former students who asked me had I heard the news and She know Demarius was the son of One of my former students also a colleague and someone who is a very different Carl Reed and They had said that Demarius had been killed Demarius. So some of you may remember Was an Eastern Michigan University student football player and was killed in a robbery attempt at his apartment in Ypsilanti right outside the university and naturally Needless to say we were all heartbroken and of course my attention at that moment turned to Carl and his wife and Figured out ways that we could support them About a month later. I ran into a colleague from Eastern Michigan University and Department of Social Work who invited us up to Engage the university in a larger conversation around trauma and community violence and we came up and so that's what I was saying I was the last time I was here and so one of the things that was on our minds while we were here was What was the response to Demarius's death, right? It was getting a lot of national attention It hit ESPN because the Mars is the athlete But it was also really big news in Chicago and I know it was part of the news cycle up in this area as well. Well at the time they hadn't found Demarius's killers and Maybe about two months later They found he called up with them and arrested them and and begin the process of having a trial But I really want to bring up a statement that I heard one of the detectives say at the trial and That was that He didn't believe they would have done the due diligence in the work To capture the killers as a matter of fact, he stated he said we didn't put much of an effort in it until we found out How big a celebrity he was right into the media attention was garnered on on this particular case and So of course that was heartbreaking, but the other part of it is and this is where I go to in this issue is Is really thinking about the value of black life, right? They're without the specter of the camera without the media gaze The Mario's killers would have been found as a matter of fact I would argue that even the attention in the news cycle about his death would have been marginalized and probably put to the Wayside and even as we engage in this critical conversation around race and violence at this time in our country and particularly trauma I also think about Laquan McDonald and the Michael Browns And Eric Garner's of the world and even the Tamir Rice's That again without the specter of media attention these lives might have gone on without people paying a lot of attention to it and without a Due diligence and a conversation around the value of black life So it's here that I want to Problematize and look at this issue in a very clear nuanced way To bring up that it's not an either or in our community Whereas that we focus on one hand on the police brutality or we focus on the homicides and even the Interpersonal violence that we see it's a both and and so that's the specter of the conversation that I want to have here today Is in that both and and then how do we Within this moment in this place in time begin the process of thinking about how we address those issues Particularly in a policy and even in a human rights framework so So as a interventionist at heart I design research design plan Evaluate different types of programs I consult As I just said with different People both in public and private world around a lot of these different programs that we see out here I think it's critical that we bring this rights lens to that conversation And talk about that. So I wanted to spend a few minutes talking about some of the work that we've done In Chicago to give you a little context and background I like to do that And then you know bring in some of these this other part of this conversation when we talk about this idea of social trauma And and then talk about some of our work that we're doing if that's okay. So This is an invention that We designed a few years ago. It's called full circle and full circle was designed for Young men primarily young men on the west side of Chicago. If you know anything about Chicago The African-American community is largely situated on the south in the west side of the city people are dispersed in different parts of the city, but The the largest group the largest population of African-Americans exists in these ramps Anybody in Chicago from Chicago in the house got few Chicago folks. Excellent. Excellent. Excellent. Thank you for my home team being here, right? so On the west side There's a street organization called the vice lords many of the young men Who were a part of our particular group? were a part of That street organization not all of them, but many of them were and so our job was simply to Construct a anti-violence effort in that community by engaged these young people. So we did a host of different interventions In supporting these young men Around you know moving through some of the tougher issues in their life to a different place You can see me somewhere in that picture trying to be hard, right? But that's what we did and the billboard So we did a lot of things we did a lot of group work and what we call cognitive behavior interventions with them But that picture is a social marketing platform So they designed one of the things they were very concerned about was imaging and the different images that was presented about them in their Community that they weren't all gang banging thugs as some people try to portray And so they wanted to rebrand themselves in a sense And so they created and designed this billboard set up the plan for it And if you were near Chicago and Pulaski, which is the street on the west side a corner on the west side You would have seen this billboard up there As well as they engaged in you know other things like participatory action research So over 18 month time period as many of the young people were involved in the criminal justice system We only had one person who actually reoffended Got arrested again doing that process And We found it to be a successful program. I'll bring up that one person because even His story I think is is very valuable. He was a young man who Was very bright we we developed a participatory action research project I'm sure some of you know what that is and where we taught those young people research methods and Engaged them and constructing the research question and the research study of the design They were curious. They were actually curious and wanted to know How you know which side of the town might be more violent, right? That was the south side more violent than the west side. And so they did focus groups and and Conducted surveys around that and even analyze the data and even presented it at some point But one of the Interesting thing happened at some point this young man this particular young man He actually got arrested and was sentenced to do a period of time in detention and Before he went in He was engaged in the research aspect of things. So we gave him a small stipend as a part of the research team, right and so They were supposed to receive a check is being a part of that team Something happened in the bureaucratic structure of giving stipends through University And there was a delay on them receiving their payment as a matter of fact, there was a three-day delay But the data is supposed to pick up the checks It coincided almost with the time that he was supposed to go in he was supposed to go in and report for detention about two days after the checks were received and so So then when they came to pick up the checks, he was notified that he wouldn't receive the check and he broke into tears and And so and we were left with you know having to explain to this young man, you know what happened And so we were like well is there anything we do to help and he said now you don't understand He said I know I'm going into detention, but what this program has done is it's taught me accountability taught me responsibility and And I believe it's important, you know for me to to earn my keep in my household So I was going to take this check and I was going to pay a light bill at my household because they need the money And that was the one thing that I could contribute, but now I can't do that And so I'm just you know floored by it right needs to say, you know We were all heartbroken by that incident issue and so we did what we need to do But I really want to point out just you know as we have this narrative often of young people in community You know who are heartless and cold and they don't Want to take care of responsibility and do all these things here's an example The even the one young man who we did who reoffended he still was actively engaged and really trying to do something better for himself And I can tell you story after story About young people like that that we disregard that we write off and They end up doing or they are a transformation of young people who do and can do great things My better half tells another story. My wife is a researcher and professor at Loyola University in Chicago And she was conducting a focus group with a group of young men who were In the eighth grade of Of a school and it was about some of the same context of violence when she went to conduct the focus group at the school the Teachers Were sharing with her. Okay, this you take this young man this young man that young man But you want to be careful about that particularly young guys matter of fact We need to go in the room with you with this young man. My wife was like no, I got it And they were like you sure we need somebody to protect you that kind of things. You know, I can I can handle it And so she went on to go in the room with this young man who was supposedly a young man Who was causing a lot of problems causing all the issues? In the school As she went through the focus group one of the things she asked about is how they were dealing with stress how they were coping with some of these stressful issues that they were dealing with in their community particularly around the violence and She mentioned about physiological symptoms sometimes of how we deal with stress and the young man in question talked about you mean like how I've been biting my nails, right and he went on to give this wonderful Analysis about how he deals with stress, right and how he deals with violence and and his ability to cope You know around some of these things happen Now this was a young man that they didn't want my wife to talk to right because it was afraid that his behavior would be so challenging but Partly because who she is but ultimately because she gave him a chance to be able to be intelligent The intelligence self that he was she was he she was able to demonstrate He was able to demonstrate who he was as a leader within that that group So I'm pointing all this out to say that Again, we turn our backs off to know young people But they amaze us if we give them the opportunity in the space to do that work I might be preaching to the cry in some ways in this but I but because of what I see consistently in the city I know that this kind of attention is rare And how we do it so another intervention we did this project mentor project mentor was a health mentoring Program not going to spend a lot of time here, but this intervention we We set up academic enhancement one-to-one mentoring Did it in partnership with dr. Dave DuBois who's done a lot of the the work Evaluating and doing research on the better voice foundation better boys and better girls foundation in their mentoring program And so we use a lot of what we consider to be evidence-based strategies and practices and design the intervention It worked fabulous particularly with those higher risk group. So why am I talking about these interventions? I'm not trying to sell you on my programs per se because the reality is is that there are many evidence-based Interventions that exist out here. There are many different programs that are doing fabulous work And and there's a lot of design that can make a difference But then why do we still have this right? Why do we still have the mass shooting that it takes place? This is a map that was from 2013 over a six month time span in Chicago in terms of the number of shootings and It's been consistent probably for the last maybe five years Maybe with the exception of this year And as you can see much of the violence is concentrated Towards the south side in the west side Chicago really doesn't have an east side for those who don't know much about it The east side is probably the southeast side, but as you can look and see in this particular map It's all over right so it's not just concentrated on the south Maybe one little section of white up there In the map, and that's probably Lincoln Park, which is arguably the wealthiest neighborhood in Chicago But every place else you have that So so as we Designed our intervention and as we looked at project mentor We start thinking about other types of interventions that we were supporting and consulting with But these this other thing was going on too, right? You had the shootings and the young people in project mentor young people in full circle constantly talked about The stress that they were dealing with associated with the shootings. We also had some other stuff going on in 2012 We had a mass Amount of school clothing some of you may know about this by now, right that over 50 schools were closed In one swoop in Chicago's unprecedented activity Designed to save money save funds within schools right now We could we could make a case that It did some savings for a while But we also saw over the last few years that there's been a lot of problems with the follow-up to that Particularly with administrators who've been stealing money Superintendent just got indicted. I think Just last year right and so so we've had a lot of problems And so even these mixed messages that go out and the impact on the lives of people around the school closing And as you can see there in the similar neighborhoods, but we also have here too Some issues associated with housing right and some of the larger areas where we have the most foreclosures They're also some of the areas where we have the shootings, right? So and which a lot of us know, you know, we see some of the similar indicators, you know Some of the same spaces but I argue here that when we often deal with trauma particularly my discipline and social work Are in the clinical world and mental health? We often regulate it to the interpersonal aspect and we don't look at these larger issues and how they move across the screen how our People who we work with are impacted, you know by these particular issues. This is actually from this year So from January 1st, and this is actually I think downloaded it yesterday So as of April 5th, we had 814 shootings Which is Well ahead of the rate of last year and even the one from 2013 so over three more time period About once every two and a half hours someone gets shot in Chicago, and that's the specter You know of the violence and as you can see whereas that maybe in the other maps, it wasn't spread as much It's all over the city. And so whether you are downtown you hear about somebody getting shot In High Park where the University of Chicago is a few blocks from President Obama's home folks get shot, right? So this is the specter. So within this In terms of my work, I've decidedly turned more around the trauma focus, but then also really thinking about capacity I just want to show you one more intervention that we designed, but let me just touch on this first So this is just another layer, you know of thinking about some of these issues we deal with This was a comes from report done by the University Illinois Chicago in the great cities Institute Thinking about and looking at jobs and joblessness in the city. And so the As you can see in the red Those are the places where young people the most young people are out of work currently between Asia 2024 Right now black youth There's a 39.5% clip of black youth in Cook County that are currently unemployed compared to 7.9% of white youth right at 14.7% of Latino youth and so So here Again, we have a specter of issues happening from housing to schooling to work Right, and we're not even talking about other health crisis and in context that lay out the specter of violence and so We are at the place where we can't just have a one-stop approach to it that we have to we have to be multi-faceted in terms of how we deal with it Currently Commissioner Richard Boykins in Chicago and Cook County commissioner has proposed a 15 million dollar plan That would Increase the job support Because a common thing that you hear a lot of people say is nothing stops a bullet better than a job, right? And that's an important mantra But again, this is what we're dealing with we designed another intervention called truth and trauma or TNT and this one we took some of the Evidence-informed strategies that we had looked at around some of the CBT work But we thought that it's important to take our work now and actually train Young people on being becoming what we call trauma informed out in the community out in the world in order to do work Right and so that had a lot of trauma recovery Components what we call restorative practice restorative justice work life skill work But it was a decidedly leadership at advocacy component We begin the process of looking at these larger spectrum of issues out here in terms of how we look at trauma Because they were coming in and they were talking about the issues with the school closings They were talking about not just the violence and the shooting but they were talking about the jobs issue They were talking about the housing issues and it was saying that nobody's addressing all of them and the stress that they're feeling and experience and because of that And so we wanted to be able to not only support that and train But then also get them out and engaged in some advocacy associated with that work and and again It turned out to be a dynamic program. Of course, we use positive youth development principles within that And what we consider to be youth adult partnerships work But we decidedly take we took what what I consider to be a trauma-informed lens In our work and what we did and how we did it And as they moved into that so I do want to stop here and talk a little bit about Trauma right and define it because as we go on I think it would be important to Again have some of this context. So here's a definition from NIMH National Institute of Mental Health The experience of an event that is mostly pain for distress or distressful, which often results in lasting and mental effects, right? And I bring in that keyword here the experience how we interpret it how we pull it in that you can have Two people have the same event An experience that same event and have two two completely different Responses right I do an exercise sometime Where I might have two people stand up in the room and if you look that way you see one thing and if you look that way You see another thing and and you just you describe something but you're in the same room So it's the similar as we look at this trauma event, right? So going forward the traumatic event is one in which a person experiences witness So it's confronted with an actual threatened death serious injury threats of physical integrity of self Responses to a traumatic event can include intense fear helplessness hard Etc right and so we know that We know how the experience of a violent event occurs often in our world and we know that As a result, you know, you can have these different experiences associated with that Perception as I mentioned in terms of experience becomes a critical part of that Perception of trauma varies vastly among individuals. It's something to overwhelms our coping capacity, right? And so how we deal with it how we take in that event freezes us if you will, right? And it ends up impacting the entire self, right? physical mental emotional and spiritual as I mentioned much of our work In terms of in trauma-informed practice and in trauma recovery often deals with, you know The interpersonal individual context and so we're just beginning to understand, you know What a lot of this means, you know around this this idea of community violence Other impacts of trauma prolonged exposure trauma and a repetitive trauma events may cause an individual's natural alarm system To no longer function as it should and so often in these Spaces when a person has experienced something If they've experienced and witnessed a gunshot for example now when they are in a different environment if somebody drops a book suddenly they either overreact or Again, maybe it's they become desensitized, but how they respond to that changes and transforms Often Those emotional physical responses to stress change and transform in terms of how we operate people become emotional numb Or they have psychological avoidance of issues or triggers that often may remind them of that particular event It also impacts how a person might see safety How might how they might have a sense of safety in terms of how they operate and naturally diminishes their trust In others in this talk I am focusing a little bit more on the spectrum of community violence, right? But not to disregard some of the other things that we see that are often gendered Violence as well as some of the things that happen with children in our world Other things that we Experiences an impact of trauma and injury Sometimes people have difficulty accessing their emotions the idea of healing becomes hard to actually internalize So it's hard to really take it in and move into that process of recovery And what we do know and recognize is that often When people experience a traumatic events, they lose their voice, right? They can't talk about it, but they also have a Difficulty even expressing about other issues And things that dealing with So we often refer to the three E's associated with trauma The three E's being the actual event What happens right the experience of the vent again how I'm taking in that particular event and then the effects of the event right and so again How this situation happens I was in a car the car crashed I Thought my life was over. I thought I got a second chance at life in terms of my experience But then now how I deal with that it in terms of the ongoing effects whether those effects are short term or long term You know every time I see a similar car My hands get sweaty, right? It gets real intense for me so Trauma recovery largely focus on whether short term or long term, you know how we recover from that Some of you may be familiar with the ACEs study the adverse childhood experiences study which was a study that looked at 17,000 participants longitudinally over a long period of time and What they saw what we knew was that an adverse childhood experience could impact people You know down the road, right? So something happens you witness some violence in the household somebody Has an addiction problem in the household There's an abandonment neglect issue in the household and then how a person grows up We knew that there might be some impact to that We just didn't know how how much right how much it was and how many people might be exposed to some form of violence in terms of their work and so This study really opened the door to really begin the process of looking and seeing how traumatic Experiences are more prevalent. This is the basic framework and conceptual framework around aces that starts with as you can see at the bottom these are very childhood experiences and how They might disrupt what we call neural development What we've been able to see over the last 20 30 years is just how traumatic events impact the brain Right and ultimately how that ends up impacting How we operate in the choices that we make and even recovery to some degree and from that We have social emotional and cognitive impairment that also may lead to some of these other things in life from disease disability other social problems Other what we can saw because it'll be risk behaviors and it ultimately leads to early death So those participants within that study Demonstrated particularly if they had a certain score right with two or more Findings on there that it may lead to a particular early death So what we know about trauma recovery Is that it's important to have what we consider to be a reliable support system friends and family around Access to safe and stable housing and then of course timely and appropriate care from those people in the front line and that If those are in place at the beginning and ongoing that people have a better chance of recovering from these particular issues as they Take place So I thought it'd be important to begin with a little bit of that lens as we you know begin to move because As we talk about trauma-informed care, right These three things become very critical making sure that the place is safe Making sure that connections are happening and then also doing what we call managing emotional implant pulses particularly for young people or even adults who may have demonstrated some Dynamics associated with with trauma right and I would argue those first to become very critical safety and connections and relationships We see Make all the difference building community makes all the difference Trauma-informed care also avoids revictimization right and so whereas that we are not We don't Retraumatize the person in doing the work with them appreciates many problem behaviors begin as an understandable attempts to cope So a lot of people who show up who might demonstrate Some level of violence might have had some of these Dynamics happen to them before that we need to understand It's tries to maximize choices for the survivor and control of the healing process So we think about how a person may heal and how we support that healing and that It is is important to engage that person in some leadership of Associated with that and not as a continued victim It seeks to be culturally competent. We think about what a trauma recovery plan might look like for a Military veteran versus a person of color versus somebody who's male versus somebody's female a man or woman And also understands each of Bob in the context of his or her life experiences right and what all those mean? And so that's where I want to Transition here, you know back to some of the themes of our conversation Because what does all this mean in the spectrum of This idea of again valuing black life right in community What is all these things mean when we when we bring in some of these issues of of how we see what happens with police brutality? But also what we see in the ongoing community. I had an interesting ride with the Car company that brought me to the airport in Chicago. There was a young man driving and Drive me to the airport and I've been just loosely asking people Lately, you know, what do they think about some of the issues in with police, right? What do you think about some of the issues around violence and in the community? What about the spike in violence, right? And so I asked him why do you think there's so many more shootings this year than last year and You know, he talked about you know, I think You know, we still deal with some of the drugs issues Some of the neighborhood conflicts. He talked a little bit about that And he talked about them very matter-of-factly You know that these things are happening We need to have a deeper understanding and addressing, you know What some of the different substances people are using in the community. So we talked a lot about a lot of those kind of things And then I said well the police say it right that it's the ACLU effect, right? And I don't know if y'all heard about this before But the police have said this idea that because the ACLU is paying more attention to how they operate The reinforcement of body cameras the filling out more reports once they stop people. They stop stopping people basically, right? And so I told him that that's what they say. He just rolled his eyes right and said what you know, like oh, no and Then he went into a story. He said Listen man, just a couple years ago I was walking down the street I had had a warrant because I lost I lost my job and Ended up writing a bad check and I got arrested for it But they dropped the charges and so I'm walking down the street across the street for me There are people standing on the stoop selling drugs, right? I see this so I'm headed to my house Which is maybe a half a block down the police roll up on me and asked me where I'm going I say I'm going home. They asked to see my ID. I gave it to them They pull up my ID and they see the warrant and I tell them the warrant is for a couple years ago, right? And so and and mind you why he's talking this is he's becoming very elevated You know, he's starting to talk louder. I'm watching the road because now he's driving a little bit different And he he says well his mother came out the house to ask what the question You know what's going on and the police jailed at his mother told to get back in the house He yelled at them and said that's my mother. Why would you disrespect her? She's just trying to help right of course They threw him in the in the car and they took him down and they they booked them You know for the the warrant, but when they came up on the system It found out that it was there had been processed for a dismissal. They still kept him And Sipped him to the county jail where he spent the next three weeks in the county jail, right until family They let him out, right? And so by this time he was so elevated and angry as he was talking, right? and I would argue that That's a typical response Both of those responses that when you ask someone about the violence, right? They have a lot of different Theories on it But you also talk about the police, right? It becomes a very passion plea, right? So it's a both-hand experience that people are dealing with in the community, you know around these issues It's the the spectrum of the institutions and the failure of the institutions And it's also some of these things that are happened So I argue that you almost can't separate them in our conversation as we begin to have and do this work So when we look at the things that have happened around Trayvon and Oscar Grant You know Rikia Boyd and Sandra Bland Laquan McDonald and I can keep going on and on, right? And again, these are very visible media I would argue that these things are happening almost every day in the community and people are experiencing that but we haven't been listening I inherit human rights work I believe within the context of this larger conversation is our ability to bring in that voice and That ability to listen and hear and lift it out our channel here Janella dance Sociologists from the East Coast who talks about this idea and policy of Either seeing things big or seeing things small is that often as policy makers we see things small We see the numbers we see the analysis and that's important work But we also have to invite and engage the ability to be able to see things big In other words lift up the stories and listen to the stories and validate the stories That we hear out there whether he was completely telling the truth or fabricating a piece of his story The emotions were very real right and his perception again was very real and how he was experiencing, right? So I would argue that we need it again a trauma-informed response So we couch any conversation that we have around trauma I believe in this piece and we also have to couch it in What I call historical trauma and thinking about those and structural trauma and structural violence and how it operates And if we do that we also have to couch it in resistance So here's a definition by a good tongue that many people are familiar with from a while ago He said the note to form of violence Which corresponds with the systemic systematic ways in which a given social structure of social institution kills people slowly By preventing them from meeting their basic needs, right? Almost a slow on sought if you will right guidelines laws and practices driven by institutions that are communities of color And I pose these as more questions, right and what might be happening in Flint, right? Ferguson, Missouri, I don't know if anybody's seen the Department of Justice report That was done about Ferguson and what was happening in that area But if you haven't seen it, I really recommend just going to take a look at it You can access it online. I think they got a book copy of it, but I think it's one of the more comprehensive reports Done about a particular police department and a city Looking at the spectra of how the police are operating and I think it gives one of the best Analysis of this systemic racism that may have been happening in this city from both those Bigger issues in terms of what was happening and leadership all the way to what was happening is small Which prompted the larger Missouri panel, you know to really begin the process and ultimately the president's Response around being able to deal with we know the issues that are happening in Chicago police department as well as in our school so so we can make the case that That that this definition could apply to some of these I also bring in Paul farmers the definition I know it's a lot of words up there, but I'm gonna trouble it a bit Because I think it's very important Paul farmer who some of you may know about who does medical anthropology work medical work and Haiti and different parts of Africa Who's often brought up this issue about structural violence and how it operates and the human rights question associated with that So he says the structural violence is one way of describing social arrangements that put individuals and populations in harm's way The arrangements are structural because they are embedded in the political and economic organizations of our social world They are violent because they cause injury to people neither culture nor poor individual will is at fault rather historically given and off the economic driven processes and forces conspired to constrained Individual agency structural violence is visited upon though all those whose social status denies them access to the fruits of scientific and social progress so when we see What we saw earlier the schools issues the housing issues the educational I mean and the and the jobs pieces right along with this larger community violence pieces right we can see elements of what Brother Farmer has as position Which is largely a public health response right and so those of you know Who are thinking about and do community violence working and know about the literature right now? Is that we are looking at violence as a public health piece? Even Gary Sluckin who is the The director and founder of cure violence what we know to be ceasefire, right? And some of you saw the interrupters moving and things like that Says we should even just take the public out of it and just say health right because it's a very large spectrum and Sluckin I have a kind of conversation about some of this and we are deciding looking at that so when we say Resistance right and how people have resisted and historical pieces. I want to go back in Chicago to 1919 And some of you may know about the race rise of 1919 just a quick story a young man Decided in a segregated all-white beach 31st Street Beach Wanted to go for a swim and when he went out for the swim, of course the white supposed they attacked them killed them and A riot ensued And so Again, we can't look at the spectrum of community violence in our city without being able to look at this historical Context, you know and as well again how folks have resistant particularly black people in this case have resisted right and The 1950s and 60s the movement to address Segregation was met with white terror and white violence again another example of how we've seen this Spectrum of violence persisting could and happen in our communities in response to just access and thinking about just rights Right the swimming incident was an issue of rights, right the beauty not necessarily thinking about privilege, right? But in a sense of rights and rights invites us to the conversation of equity and access how I have the ability to be able to access Certain things not that I want another group to not have it, but how do we access it, right? And so the housing issue became another piece around that Lorraine Hansberry when she wrote Raisin in the Sun really troubled this issue You know from the 50s and 60s around the housing spectrum, right? And certainly we can argue and looking at Walter Lee younger and even that family's response that that was traumatic For them to experience it. I'd invite you to go back and either read the play or watch the film if you if you have an opportunity Natalie Moore in her new book Southside, which I highly recommend you check out really talks about this issue of segregation and She references the Hansberry story as well as about how segregation plays into this larger spectrum, you know of the city King in 1965 and 66 came to Chicago to to address This spectrum right of violence around the segregation, right? And of course was met with violence in Marquette Park. This is a scene from Marquette Park Where he had just had a rock thrown at his head And making a stance and an offering That you know something need to be different in pushing the conversation around equity So I would argue that Chicago has been met with this historical violence, you know And this structural violence in a very very real way for some particular time bring up another person Fred Hampton who some of you know about who was the Arguably the leader of the Black Panther Panther Party in Chicago And was very active in a people's movement to begin the process of addressing for those who know Fred Hampton was killed By police in his apartment There was a raid set up in part by the FBI and the police to raid Fred Hampton and They entered his apartment shot The this it was one shot that came out of the apartment there was 92 that went in right and that's where Fred Hampton Was killed and so I say that I say all of this to say that you know our memory isn't that short And so people in Chicago remember these things and we hear stories about these things we hear about the continued Issues of you know with the police right and so within that it fractures the very trust that happens the current We just Romney Magnum just named the new Police superintendent Just last week and that's a whole nother set of controversy associated with that But the first thing he said is that we need to focus on one word trust and reestablishing that within the context of our work Which which becomes very critical. I was in a peace circle. Some of you may know about the Peace circle or restorative justice work With some police a few months ago actually the the weekend before the Laquan McDonald video was released I had the Privilege of being in the circle, right? And so it was one of those those spaces created where the police came together with some young people and we were talking about you know some of these issues that were dealing with community and They had a very worried look on the face and asked them What was that about and they said well We just got a phone call just a few minutes before we walked in the circle that the video is coming out and Everybody's concerned about the reaction how people are going to react associated with that particular video And so I asked I said well, what do you think is going to happen and you know Did you all see the video have you heard about it? They said yeah, we've heard about it. We heard was pretty ugly and you know They went on to talk about you know kind of on the defense a little bit About how There were bad cops and you know They hurt the good cops and they kind of went into that discourse and dialogue and I was a yeah, that's good And you know I said and I offered what you know King quote Nitchki said You know what the greatest evil in the world is not done by bad people It's by good people see when they do nothing about it, right? So what do you say? About these issues that you see and they offered well, it's complicated because you know this happens and These people might get mad and so this whole blue cold that operates a blue coat of silence Permiates and nothing gets resolved right and so I challenged them at that point that maybe what we need is You know a new form of speaking out about these issues, but as of right now They I still haven't heard anybody from the police department say anything right around these issues So it persists. We saw what happened after Laquan The video came out. We saw what happened Okay, we saw what happened after that that We had a strong level of resistance that came out in community In Chicago on Black Friday the day after Thanksgiving Protesters marched down town on what we call the Gold Coast in Chicago Which is a prime shopping location and basically shut everything down on that particular day and as and it was a transformational moment in the city, but I also think a strong Response to the traumatic grief that many people experience associated with the cons death Laquan step I thought this was a very interesting picture, right the one from 1919 and one from 2015 right we still having face-offs with the police right so many years later some of these things are Still happening So so what do we do and how do we operate and how do we bring all of this stuff together? One of my beliefs is that within the context of restorative justice work We are able to frame this bring this conversation together in a very real way Some of you may know a little bit about restorative justice that movement In Chicago Has largely come out of some of the larger movements of both Looking at criminal justice reform here, but then also abroad in places like South Africa in some ways And it's strengths and also it's challenges, right? But as a response a defiant response to criminal justice what we have in Often is a very real Response to criminal justice that we call street justice in a lot of ways right people take Justice in their own hands when they don't trust the institutions of upholding what they're supposed to pull right you not a whole Uphold your deal. I can't trust that you're going to follow through in this particular way in a good way So thus we make a response and so how do we build that within the practice of our work and how do we frame that? What many of us There's a lot of big moving around the circle keepers peacekeeping circles things like that But I argue that we have to move again beyond the interpersonal level to deal with these issues from organizational level part of our challenge is that I Mentioned the Cook County's bill I've worked with the city working some other folks that many of these institutions aren't talking with each other Right, and so we need a greater degree of accountability and transparency between institutions And some restorative practices if you will you know in that way one way we've been going about doing this Is this is an initiative through some of my colleagues at DePaul University's Egan Urban Center where they've been training and working with police As well as community organizations and neighbors about coming together to really talk about and deal with and come up with some new Practices from and partly using what we consider to be asset-based community development framework But ultimately in a restorative way with the restorative lens of partnership development, you know around the work so engaging in training of police citizens and Organizations to really build capacity and community to be able to deal with another one I think you guys did mention this earlier We've been working on what we call this multi-faith veterans project, and we were funded largely in response to the some 22 veteran suicides a day that that are occurring You know throughout our country and maybe even throughout the globe and in order to build capacity in community around this now many believe that Many of our soldiers are coming back, you know with a lot of War wounds if you will not physically but also emotionally immensely as well But many of them are falling through the cracks. We have a large amount of homeless population Our federal government has done a lot to respond to that, but we still have it And so we partner with some of those institutions of VA that centers and community to really be able to build that That that piece so why am I mentioning this? Why am I talking about all of this stuff? So our lens is in looking at this idea of moral injury if you haven't heard it before This is the definition disruption in individuals confidence and expectations about his or her own moral behavior Others capacity to behave in a just and ethical manner So largely, you know associated with Veterans of people in military, right? I go out and I'm in war and I do something against my moral ethic and I come back and I can't deal with it And I'm struggling with dealing with it And as a consequence You know, I basically eat myself alive, right and and self-destruct You know similar to PTSD but different right whereas PTSD is traumatic response You know reference this idea of trauma and how to respond to it It's looked at a warm and depressive lens right the sorrow grief regret shame alienation And that there's some some some of both in terms of the work Well, why is it relevant here? Why is it relevant for our work because? What a lot of people believe including our funders right the McCormick Foundation in Chicago and the larger national conversation is that it It gets dealt with in community that you can't deal with this issue in isolation And although I have a lot of problems about our military industrial complex and how it operates And how it runs, you know the other part of that is that often Because of some of the things that happen in the context of war we begin to see, you know different ways of understanding You know human behavior so the so PTSD and how we think about trauma came from, you know, how we were dealing with Survivors of war 50 60 years ago So I argue here this lens of moral injury that is worth taking a look at in the context of how Injury happens in community Patricia whims talked about this idea of spirit injury right that when you experience something You know based on discrimination based on an other ring or an objectification Right that it calls an injury to the soul into the spirit and so that on some level, you know How we engage and transform society has to be around again that human rights Conversation because ultimately when we move the conversation from objectification to to subject to other as subject To other as person and human being then we begin the process of having that transformational lens And so I argue that our investment has to be in Capacity development in community, you know around the services that are exist in terms of social service But also an engagement of training and support Development of advocacy as well as development of increasing our infrastructure and community to be able to address These particular issues. I think my time is up, but I do want to offer this one last quote. This was a quote from King King jr. In I believe 1967 or 8 but he was speaking to the American Psychological Association and he's called Victor Hugo Is it up a soul is left in the darkness? Sins would be committed the guilty one is not he who commits to sin But he who calls it the darkness right and so as we began to look at and think about again This response to violence and response into community You know, I invite us to begin the process of looking at not just those who are those perpetrators whether those perpetrators be The individuals who commit homicides who might be parts of street organizations or the police But we began to think about those institutions and how we push those Institutions in our society. Thank you very much Thank you, Troy. We don't have much time and when Troy said he's time was up. It was But I think some of the points that he was making at the time I decided to go because I think they're important for us to discuss I'm going to open up the floor if you want to make any comments on what Troy said, especially for me The two points that stood out and I hope that we will continue this conversation later even when Troy has left us on Small moments when we show and focus our lens on some of the more simple things when it Concerns itself of violence just the very things that oftentimes it's easily taken for granted. But once we show Once we take a care and concern of that point Much change can happen the simple things When one human is just open the space to speak Yeah, and we can hear The pain that lives inside of those words that stick shit into its sound that finds itself Lost in the bigger picture So I'm going to open it up now. There's a mic Try try not to just ask questions. You want to make make a comment because it's not a lot of time respond and I'll And if you want to just ask a question do so Yeah, I think there's mics is their mics run So if anybody wants to make comment in response or ask a question, please feel free to do so Restorative justice and it's restorative justice the opportunities for that and whether you think it has much promise Sure, I'm gonna take is it okay with you if I allow two more questions given the time. Yeah. Yeah, okay So let's you've marked that if there's any more does anybody else want to ask a question Sometimes these questions can be engaged with simultaneously. Um, yes I've really like enjoyed your your talk and I think it was very good and outlying some of the troubles Me being from Chicago have a harder time Explained to a broader audience, but we're talking in a room of people that at least are interested in public policy or know of public policy can you better address methods to To communicate some of the messages in your slides to people who aren't in these rooms people that in their daily lives Don't have access to this information. It may not be concerned with it or somewhat apathetic to it Or may not know that they're apathetic to it. Thank you Anything else should I go ahead? I just want to write those down. That's right. So I wouldn't forget Ready. All right. Yeah, so First is thinking about the restorative justice question. So and I think it Raps into both of those right both questions when I think about The word restorative is the big word there for me, right and then of course justice, right? and Restoring something right And this idea of restoration means I am bringing back something. I am pulling back something, right? and I Think in a lot of ways is voice, right? It's voice of victim is voice of even perpetrated to some degree It's bringing the human back into This element right and even as we think about the term justice, right and how it operates You know, there's a level of equity fairness inherent, you know within, you know that meaning I think that's what's been absent often and in terms of We talk about these things that happen in community so the possibilities I believe I endless in terms of Engaging in that framework around restorative justice how it gets implemented. I think it's harder We started doing community panels for youth back in the late 90s in Chicago where As a point of diversion a young person would get an opportunity to do something else as opposed to Receive punitive practice and it went so so right I even had one experience where I heard something And no just locked me up, right? Versus then you know going through this process of but when I see it work, you know It has tremendous possibilities and opportunity because it brings out this trauma-informed lens And it brings out this other narrative voice within it so and people No longer get silenced they no longer get marginalized and that everybody gets a process a challenge and a chance to be heard And then a new understanding in a new way of being gets offered In some of the circles in some of the places I have opportunity to sit in I don't often see and hear those voices Right those people who are greatly impacted that young man who I was in the Cap with you know, I don't I don't hear I don't see him at those meetings Right and and it's understand would be so because that languaging sometime is too distance, right? And even when that person comes Because his language might not match in some of the language in the discourse that we are comfortable engaging with We don't want to hear it, right? So he or she gets shut out of that conversation And so part of our work and I mentioned that training lands right is in training is in educating is in bringing some of these more Complex issues down on the ground, you know to everyday conversation I believe that that young man hadn't been asked both of those questions at the same time, right? In other words this issue about, you know, how he's experiencing violence, right? First of all, I doubt that He's had an opportunity to engage with someone like myself. He may have but the reality is That's not always accessible, right? People from the ivory tower don't always go down to the hood You don't have these conversations nor when we do we don't often Bring it again in a language in the framework that they can engage in but they have critical analysis, right? And they have understanding. It's just a different language. And so knowing that as A friend of mine said it's my obligation, you know to be able to bring that information to folks, you know without having In a way that lets them know that I haven't left them, right in a sense, you know without losing my Identity, you know in that process if this makes sense And so that when we are when we have those conversations at the table, we are able to break down these concepts I said in the classroom. I remember way back 25 years ago the University of Chicago and I was a young man from you know 47th Street and As I was sitting in the classroom some of the concepts at first the professor was talking about I was like What is he saying, right? And everybody was having this conversation and then I asked the professor Well, are you really talking about x y and z and he said yes, and I realized then it's smoking mirrors, right? Is that that's part of the to borrow from Brodo right around cultural capital, right? You know, I didn't have the lexicon at the time, you know to engage But then it was just a matter of flipping the switch to be able to transform that piece And so I think that's across the board. I see it happened again and again and again. I hadn't seen Many people engage street or street Street-involved youth in participation research teaching them research methods My guess is because no, I thought they could handle it, right? But once we broke down the process is they did a lot better than some of those folks who were highly trained, right? You know in doing that Because they had a different nuance and understanding about and they have been thinking about a lot of these issues You know in a very real way, so I hope that answers some of your question So this we have a couple of more minutes if there's anybody else that wants to add a comment or make a you know Or ask a question From what I've heard that you walked us through a path So this is part comment part question And maybe a chance for you to reflect for a moment longer on What I've heard in what you've shown us But you've walked us through historical violence into historical trauma structural trauma structural violence resistance and then into street criminal restorative and transformative justice in A space that space that is very tenuous between resistance and justice What message would you want? Those of us here in the room to take as we try to live our lives in that space Anybody else? I know that was a very complicated space for question But I will take one more To kind of go off that are there any programs that you know were specifically White people are working with other white people on addressing our own History, I mean obviously we have all the opportunity in the world to Look at things, but we're sort of justice practices where people are kind of discussing You know what it means to be white and what our legacy is and you know doing work together around that Good question Well I'll go backwards right There is an organization in Chicago that I think there's they creating that space I Can connect with Professor Henry and maybe get it to you or I'll give you my email But I think the space is a few and far between and in part because there is the You know the question around can I learn as white about these issues with just us right with just whites Do I need a black person in the room or somebody of color? You know in order to engage that and I think no, you know I think you know you're right to think about you know how that happens and how that formulates But I think those spaces can be created anywhere, right? I know folks who you know just started it through different Conversations we're gonna do four calls. We're gonna discuss actually. I know group right now the discussion of Tana Hesse coachbook right between two worlds where they meet Every two weeks on the phone, you know and just have that conversation around and now they're reading a thing Just mercy right by Brian Stevenson. So, you know those kinds of people and then thinking about what those things mean and You know in terms of the actual work in terms of the policy platform So is the programs right in terms of pushing that so I think it's possible and I think it's important Because In those spaces, I think there is permission to make greater mistakes Right greater errors in terms of thinking to ask deeper questions You know as long as there is that spectrum of analysis right around, you know Some of this historical white supremacy and kind of dismantling that and and so part of my work has been in some ways around men right working around gender equity and and and dealing with men, you know where They feel like I can say some of these off-the-wall things They're gonna get challenged But you know we educate in order to be able to be in a Space across gender, you know to have some very real conversation, you know in that way So I think it's very critical, you know to make that happen. So if I could leave you with something, you know about This piece this this was this idea is to begin the process of having that deeper conversation about who we aren't listening to You know and and as opposed to learning about who aren't we learning from? Right, and and if we aren't learning from then, you know What's the block in the barrier between that and I think that cuts across race class and gender? Because certainly I could make a case that even amongst class right we often silence, you know These other voices that come up through to remind us and let us know about suffering, you know about Choice, you know and about Even resistance and resilience And so so and and I think within that The invitation is then to bring that voice to the table in a very active way at the point of decision at the point of policy decision at the point of funding right and If anything and I revert back to Paul Farmer's work right that that Farmer is very active right in making sure You know that he is bringing a diverse set of voices to that table in that conversation but also in that training in that engagement of lifting up people and supporting people into leadership positions and And so that's the other question that I would offer Or you know is to think about that when we find ourselves in leadership positions, right? Is it is it with those who we are most comfortable with you know or those who are going to do the great work, right? And that maybe the idea is to is to figure out how to bring those people who are going to do the great work to the Table, you know, even if it's going to make me a little uncomfortable at times, right? If we have the same ethical mandate if we have the same Communicative sense, you know and and same love and I think we too often sell that sell each other short We sell organization short and we sell people so part of the reason I mentioned the whole thing about Some of the government institutions aren't talking because people don't like each other, right? And there's history there and they haven't dealt with their own trauma around that and they don't go into their own Restorative pieces associated with that and so therefore It gets very fractured and you have one person spending a million dollars on this and another person spending a million dollars On that and they're the same types of program and then they compete and then they give it to the same Institutions over and over again because they're not bringing that other voice to that particular table, right? So watch the voices that you bring to the table That would be it. I don't know if there's any comment. That's really burning because we've We out of institutional time because when we play Michigan time only lose 10 minutes We never gain 10 minutes So I'm always, you know, so if there's anybody it's got something burning show me your hand and we'll consider it If not, I'm gonna conclude now because I know we have strong schedules that I want to say one thing in conclusion Before I thank Professor Hauden is that You know, this is the beginning and a contribution and a part of The conversation a conversation not only here in the United States but across the world that many Responsible Intellectuals are having and hopefully more will have Many leaders especially in this policy world need to have and Tomorrow evening, we will continue it. Yeah, we will be having a conversation at one. It will be less Lecture form and more Conversational so if any of you are inspired to deal with some to engage some of these issues more deeply especially the question of spirit injury, which I was hoping to ask Professor Hauden to address more but the the nexus the Space between large system and every day every day breath really what it means to walk on the pavement of you know from year To the Union or from year to the corner of liberty and what it means and how it means as As as as different experience for each and every person depending on how we are and you are Apprehended social culture social structurally and social institutionally Inside of this larger system that globalize us all as human beings So thank you, Professor Hauden for making the trip out here from Chicago and for talking So Softly on this issue and kindly and careingly on this issue And I'm looking forward to continuing this conversation And I hope some of the questions that you ask will be engaged more thoroughly and I also in conclusion which to wish to stay that the challenge restoratively in holding Such conversations such dialogic Possibility is always already continuous There is Was about to choose to do so choose Do it as we can what is important is that it needs to be had and it needs to con it to be spoken So I want to acknowledge all of those Students here who in their own work in their own lives are already continuing to have these conversations And there are many I can't mention you. It's probably half this class right now as far as I know some half of you I don't know So the other half that I know know I know that you are having these conversations in different ways in the spaces that you occupy in the gray Of tomorrow In the gray of today tomorrow might appear if I want to continue playing with Victor Hugo So thank you and thank you all for coming and taking this time of your schedule And I hope that you will think about some of the issues made you and continue the conversation with yourselves your families in this Community at the Ford School and beyond Thank you