 As-salamu alaikum and a very good day dear students, I welcome you to the course Social Entrepreneurship. My introduction first, my name is Dr. Tahira Jabi, I am an Associate Professor and Director for the Centre of Social Development and Social Entrepreneurship in the University of Punjab. I will be conducting this course on Social Entrepreneurship for you. First things first, we will start with the term Social Entrepreneurship because my experience is still going on that this term is not for us, especially in this combination of Social and Entrepreneurship. The word Social, we all use it all the time, we are familiar with it, it is related to people, it is related to the human body, it is related to the human muscles, it is related to the human muscles. Entrepreneurship is a little less familiar for some people and the people who are familiar with it are more familiar with Business Entrepreneurship. So, let us look at the term Entrepreneurship. The term Entrepreneurship comes from Francis Bond. Francis Bond's word is Entrepreneur, which means to do something. Social Entrepreneurship is a unique combination. When we say Social, we are talking about social life, social problems, social issues and entrepreneurship. When we talk about entrepreneurship, we talk about those people who take risks and earn benefits from the business and earn profit from it. So, how can these two be united? We will do an academic definition in a very detailed, scientific way in the future of Social Entrepreneurship. But right now, to start this course, to set a ground, I will give you a working or operational definition. Social Entrepreneurship means in simple words that the principles of business are ways, tools, technologies and the theories used to solve the problems and issues of social life. And those people who use the tools and technologies of business and try to solve social problems, we call them Social Entrepreneurship. Social Entrepreneurship is a new kid on the block. So, we need to know a little bit about it. For example, if a new student comes to your class, we need to know a little bit about his background. So, let's start with the background. If you google it, you get a lot of material on Social Entrepreneurship these days. But what you have done is not mostly on Social Entrepreneurship, but on books. And a lot of books have been written which will help you in this course. But most of the material is about Social Entrepreneurs, those people who do entrepreneurship, not about Social Entrepreneurship. Our imagination, in fact, our collective imagination, when people talk about Social Entrepreneurship in the world, they are actually talking about Social Entrepreneurship. A hero-like status has been found on Social Entrepreneurship. Your Facebook is filled with stories, success stories, with adventures. How people have used innovative ideas, how strange, bad, complex and serious social issues have been solved and are being done. For homeless people, while setting up their shelter, food and lodging, a great restaurant has started. Someone has started giving online tuition somewhere, and it is the biggest online education business owner. And at some point, low-cost health services have to be done. For example, there used to be hospitals in charity, they used to give health services at the expense of Rs.10, but those hospitals themselves used to go for people's donations. Now, they have become successful businesses. And all these success stories revolve around people whom we call Social Entrepreneurs. So, who are these Social Entrepreneurs? And why are these people solving these problems? Because when we talk about social problems, poverty, hunger, child abuse, domestic violence, global warming, energy conservation, these are all our social issues that we are dealing with today. And we all want to solve them. And in our desire to solve them, let us first look at the government's side. The government will solve these issues. And if the government is not able to do it, then we give it to the private sector, they take some money and give us good education. They take some money and give us good health services. So, these social problems are not today. Since the beginning of human history, they have been with people. Since then, governments, private sector, which has far-profit sector like businesses, not-for-profit sector like NGOs, they are trying to solve these problems. They are trying so-called. But there is no progress on it. If you calculate the net progress, then millions of people, millions of people, total 8 billion world population, millions of people are hungry, they have no shelter, millions of children are out of school, they have no education, they are not able to give them government, they cannot afford the private sector, they are not getting health services, they are not getting health services even after giving them money. So, if we have done the progress of our humanity, I am not a doomsayer, I don't know if you know, I am not living in the era of stone. Human history is the history of its progress. But this progress is slow. All those people who are living in poverty, who are hungry, who are shelterless, who are victims of pollution, who are victims of domestic violence, they also have the right to be free. Those people who are using business rules, principles, tools and technologies, trying to solve these social problems, we call them social entrepreneurs. And the processes they use, the work they do, we call them social entrepreneurship. So, in the next lecture, we will talk about that these social entrepreneurs are precisely after the 20th century and why they came in the beginning of the 20th century. How did they feel the need at this time? And what did they do?