 Now, we are going to start with an interesting set of topics, which are dealing with what is a buzzword these days. It's more like a fad to look at it superficially, but it's a very, very intricate and relevant technological evolution which is taking place. That is IoT. Everyone's talking about IoT. So, we'd look at the Internet of Things provisioning in the context of NGN and we'll see how IoT transforms into WOT or Web of Things. So, we'd look at the classical definition which was coined by the International Telecommunication Union. So, ITUT defined the Internet of Things as a very interesting concept. So, ITUT states that Internet of Things is a global infrastructure for the Information Society, which is the web user's world over, to enable advanced service provisioning by interconnecting the physical world with the cyber world. So, it's sometimes also known as cyber physical system. So, the beauty about ITUT standardization of IoT definition is that it emphasizes on standardization, which is certainly going to be in line with the contemporary evolution and advancements of information and communication technologies. So, extending or building on to the definition of IoT, Web of Things is the merger of web with IoT because IoT in itself is connectivity of things, but if this connectivity of things is exposed to and is managed from and provisioned at the worldwide web or the Internet, it becomes Web of Things. Web of Things is the concept that makes use of IoT infrastructure presence, where the things are connected and controlled using the classical worldwide web-based technologies. And the first thing that comes to your mind, which is not going to be wrong, is TCPIP and HTTP. So, let's quickly look at possibly the things. If that's a mystery, so let's resolve it here. So, we have things literally meaning everything. It could be a static or a dynamic thing. It could be a physical or a virtual thing. A physical thing actually means something that you can sense using your physical senses or virtual that you can feel. So, these things actually generate data which can be stored, processed and accessed by other things. Devices including end hosts, gateways, even the networks are all included in these things. The underlying technologies which are going to facilitate the transmission of data coming from the things themselves are also the things. For example, Ethernet technology and all the hardware and the infrastructure that realizes Ethernet, the sensor network, the ad hoc network, reader and writer, that is the subscriber or the publisher and the sensing and actuating devices, industrial machines, smartphones, electrical appliances, softwares, plugins, you name a thing. So, the relationship between the Internet of Things and Web of Things is referenced through four layers. That is, we have the application layer that contains the IoT applications. If these applications are working at their own in a proprietary setting, it is IoT, but if it is published on HTTP, it becomes WOT. Then at the second layer, we've got service support and application support layer. Here we have the underlying infrastructure that allows us to have the data processed, stored, retrieved, read, transmitted. Then we have the network layer. This includes the transport and access technologies, resource and admission control, authentication authorization and access mechanisms, and of course, the mobility management. Lastly, we've got the device layer itself, which comprises devices and the connectivity of the devices to each other and to the network through certain intermediaries. These intermediaries are known as the gateways. So, the connectivity could be direct or indirect or even ad hoc, that is, on the fly. Then the device layer also addresses the support for multiple underlying technologies, each having its own exposed interface, for instance, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, etc., etc. Then we have certain interoperability requirements, which is also the responsibility of the device layer because sometimes the device layer has devices which cannot communicate to the layer above directly. So, we need some protocol conversion functions. So, let's compile and summarize the discussion we had by stating that the IoT actually adds altogether a new dimension to the engine architecture because in engine, we were talking about any time communication and anywhere communication. But if instead of end hosts talking to each other on smartphone or on tablet or a laptop, if it is anything communicating anywhere at any time, then this is, we can say, epitome of the Internet of Things and Web of Things. So, you can have a just have a look at the diagram.