 Does use of alternative medicine, in addition to conventional therapies, predict prolonged survival from cancer? I mean, even if alternative therapies themselves were useless, one might predict users would live longer, because they tend to have more hope, a greater will to live, nearly three times as likely to believe their cancer was curable, even if it wasn't. But death rates were actually higher in alternative medicine users. All of them up years later, and 79% of the alternative medicine users had died, compared to 65% of non-users. Now, if the alternative medicine users started out sicker, that could certainly explain it, and they did tend to be, though the difference didn't reach statistical significance. Bottom line, the association between the use of alternative medicine and shortened survival is not necessarily causing effect, but it's possible some of the alternative modalities may have indeed been harmful. Thanks to the internet, there's been a resurgence of older complementary and alternative cancer treatments, such as leitreal, which is a compound derived from amygdalin, a natural cyanide-containing substance concentrated in apricot kernels, the seeds inside the pits. It was branded as a vitamin to skirt regulations, vitamin B17, but it's not a vitamin, and the lack of leitreal's effectiveness against cancer and the risk of side effects from cyanide poisoning led to its being banned decades ago. However, no surprise, you can still buy it on the internet, along with the apricot kernels themselves. Why not just give them a try, though, because of cyanide intoxication? Here's a typical case report. A woman ate some apricot seeds. She got it at a health food store, so hey, they got to be healthy, right? Twenty minutes later, she was having trouble breathing before she slipped into a coma. They made some calculations, and it appears an 8-ounce bag of apricot kernels is enough to kill six people if consumed in one city. Therefore, the continuing sale of apricot kernels as health food is troubling. And you never know what you're getting. Here this person was consuming a quarter of a teaspoon of ground apricot kernels daily and had just switched brands the day before she ended up in the ICU. Thankfully, she survived. Others are not so lucky, like this 17-year-old who is dead within a day, as severe cyanide poisoning can result in coma, convulsions, and cardiovascular collapse. That's why calling it a vitamin is so insidious. A 32-year-old woman arrives at an emergency room in a coma. Was she on anything? No, she just took some vitamin supplements. Thankfully, a relative showed up with them. Oh, B17. They gave her a cyanide antidote, and she survived. But had that relative not showed up, or been delayed in traffic or something, the case could have proved fatal. So cancer patients should be informed about the high risk of developing serious adverse effects due to cyanide poisoning after laetrile or amygdalin, natural compound, and apricot seeds. Especially at risk may be those taking mega doses of vitamin C, or those not getting enough vitamin B12. C the body has two major ways to detoxify cyanide. It can attach it to B12 to form the supplement form cyanicobalamin, which can then be harmlessly peed out. Or it can use the amino acid cysteine, which is also used to metabolize vitamin C. And so if you take too much vitamin C, levels can drop, and you can end up more vulnerable to cyanide toxicity. But hey, conventional cancer treatments, such as chemo, can be toxic too. It's all about benefits versus risks. Yeah, amygdalin can block the growth of certain cancer cells in a petri dish, though it doesn't appear to have any anti-cancer effects against laboratory animal tumors. But you don't know what happens in people until you put it to the test, and do a clinical trial of amygdalin in the treatment of human cancer, which we'll cover next.