 Cancer remains a major global health care challenge due to difficulty in selectively killing cancer cells while minimizing harm to healthy ones. Biological barriers such as renal, hepatic, or immune clearance limit effective drug delivery in cancer. Nanoparticles loaded with drugs can overcome these barriers and improve therapeutic outcomes. First generation nanomedicines have received widespread clinical approval over the past two decades, leading to recent successes in cancer treatment. Next generation nanomedicines need to be better targeted to specifically destroy cancerous tissue, but face challenges such as identifying appropriate biomarkers, scaling up synthesis, and reproducible characterization. Multidisciplinary collaborations across academia, pharmaceutical industry, and regulatory agencies are needed to achieve the goal of eradicating cancer. This article was authored by Stephanie Tran, Peter Joseph to Giovanni, Brandon Peel, and others. We are article.tv, links in the description below.