 No, we're going to start our afternoon poster session. But just to remind you, this is poster session 2. Those of you in poster session 3, you need to get your posters in 9 o'clock tomorrow on the Google Drive. Next slide, please. All right. Yes, poster session number 2. We just had a very nice talk and poster session. Next slide. OK, poster session 2. It's here. Snapshots. Next slide. OK, just to remind you, snapshots first. Poster session to follow outside. There will be directly outside of this lecture hall. Next slide. Again, just to remind you the judging criteria. And so if you haven't done so, please pick up a poster judging ballot here and a list of names who are of the presenters. Anybody need a ballot? Or OK, come on up. Come on up and pick that up. Ballot and the corresponding guide to the posters. OK, so these, again, the criteria. And then next slide, all of us are judges. Next slide. And this is what your ballot looks like. Again, the basic way you do this, you choose your top five in order. And if you want to be eligible for a drawing, then you need to write your name down on the ballot so we know who you are. Next slide. And of course, all posters are competing for prizes, cash prizes. And in fact, next slide, we have a peer judge drawing from the last one. So this is now our first money is going to be awarded. So here we have our official UN ballot box, which contains securely the poster ballots from the first session. OK, so what we're going to do at this time is to draw, to ask an unbiased observer. So no, no, no, no. So yeah, I think we'll have Maria Liz Crespo come forward. Yes, who is not part of the drawing. And so the way we're going to do this, all the ballots are in here, fold it up. I'm going to shake them up. And Maria Liz is going to reach in and grab one of these and then hand it to me without looking at it. So everyone note that you are free to use the clicker if you want, or I will click for you. I don't think there's any hesitation in these slides. You kept your file sizes down. But it's up to you. If you want to mess with the clicker, it's your business. If you want me to do it, I will do it. Whichever you're more comfortable with, you just say next slide, OK? Number two, and our first poster presenter, poster number 18, is Angie Lau from the El Esal University in Philippine. And she'll present her poster, which is titled, A Mathematical Model Offers a Possible Interaction Network that Explains the Effect of Raffinus Savitus on Cancer. OK, good afternoon. I already clicked it. Hold, like hold the clicker. OK, good afternoon. Cancer is the biggest cause of mortality worldwide. WOH show reported that around 14.1 new cases and 8.2 million deaths are reported a cause of death caused by cancer worldwide. And from these new cases, 60% actually occur in Asia, Africa, Central, and South America. Alarmingly, these regions also account for 70% of the death caused by cancer worldwide. We know that it's not because they cannot be treated, but mainly because the expensive cause of medication or the side effects caused by treatment. Henceforth, there are a lot of initiatives then. There's a spark or interest in finding natural product that will serve as a cost effective or less side effect alternative for cancer treatment. In particular, there are experiments that confirm what, confirm that Raffinus Savitus is an effective thing that can fight cancer. They show that it's most cytotoxic to breast cancer next to colon cancer and leads to leukemia. It won't keep to the next slide. So let's do it again. OK, so why? Why is it more effective to one and lead to the other? So instead of investing huge amount of money or funding into high end experiment that you don't know what you're investigating on, we propose that you first gather information from literature mining and establish an initial interaction network that will be used to establish mathematical models to explain why the radish is more effective to one disease and then to the other. To know more about how we did it and what are our initial findings, visit me at poster number 18. I think you can do it for me, but I have to advance. You can use the laser pointer if you want to talk about it. OK, and then you can ask him to advance. He's going to ask you to advance. I'm in dancing. OK. Poster number 19 is to be delivered by Madhav Pandey from the Kathmandu University in Nepal. And he'll tell us about his work on value addition of waste ligand from ligocellulosic bioethanol process. Hello, everybody. Everyone nowadays is interested in renewable energies. Bioethanol is a renewable fuel that is supposed to directly replace gasoline, fossil gasoline. Currently, we are producing bioethanol from curn and sugarcane, which is not much so sustainable and viable. So people are looking for more abundant feedstock to produce bioethanol. One of the options is lignocellulosic biomass. However, the process that is used to convert this feedstock to ethanol utilizes only the cellulose and hemicellulose and converts this to the ethanol and leaves lignin as it is. So nearly one third of the feedstock is wasted or not utilized. Next, please. Lignin is a complex biopolymer with varieties of functional group attached with it and a varieties of burns. It is difficult to break down. However, if it can be broken down as the structure suggests, it can be a very prominent or suitable source for industrial chemicals. So what we did is that we tried to break it down in presence of alcohol to have phenol and its derivative. Next, please. So this is what the experiment did. We extracted the lignin, purified it using washing, filtering. We characterized the lignin samples, depolymerized that using autoclip reactor, and we characterized the lignin oil or the depolymerized products. Next, please. So we have several categorization curves. I only state few of them. And this is the FTIR spectrum of the lignin that we obtained. And it shows that the structure is nearly similar to the commercial celling samples from other processes. And we could reach up to 80% of the conversion efficiency, which in fact was the function of reaction time as well as the temperature. And our analysis showed that there are a significant amount of phenols present in the product. Thank you. I'll be happy to meet you at the project. We're by Neluz Siobanu from the Nicolai Testimensiono State University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Moldova. And he'll tell us about his work on synchronization and message transmission of two quantum dot lasers. Well, this work was done in collaboration with my colleagues from Technical University in Moldova, Spiridon Ruslan, Vasily Troncho. So the transmission of information and communication play an important role in our data. For example, Bob wants to transmit information to Alice. So one hacker can connect to the environment or connection and they can extract the information. The main questions that appear in the transmission of information is how to improve privacy and security in data transmission. It was many models were developed. For example, it was proposed to use fibers between the sender and the receiver or, for example, to use electronic circuits, various incoming protocol fins filtering, and as well as chaos-based communication techniques were proposed. So our model consists of two DV lasers. So based on quantum dot lasers, master lasers and slave lasers. So the message is encoded in the chaotic behavior of master laser and is transmitted to the slave laser or Alice. So this is the scheme for quantum dot laser. This is the dynamic, the equations that describe the dynamics of the evolution of our laser. And here what we have, initially we have the message in the picture A that we want to send. In the picture B, we have the chaotic behavior of laser. And picture C, we have the encoded message in the profile of master laser. And finally, after the transmission and decoding, we have unfiltering, we extract the message. So you can see if you compare A and B, it's the same message. The main question is why? OK. Thank you. Question number 21 is to be delivered by Bumika Akur from the Institute for Plasma Research in India. She'll tell us about her work on time delays of possible tuning parameter for frustration and neural networks. Thank you. Hi, everyone. So frustrated systems are the systems where all the interactions in the systems cannot be simultaneously satisfied. For example, consider this triangle here where all the edges represent anti-phalomagnetic interactions. So if I have a downspin at A and an upspin at B, then interaction between A and B is satisfied. But if I put an upspin at C, then the interaction between B and C is not satisfied. And if I put a downspin at C, then interaction between A and C is not satisfied. So systems are called frustrated systems. And whether a system is frustrated or not, it depends on the topology of the network. For example, the triangular lattice here, it's frustrated. And such kind of configurations are very common in nature. For example, the grid cells in human and odent brain, they form firing pattern in form of triangular grids. So frustration has been observed in many physical and biological networks, such as spin glasses, genetic neural network. Frustrated systems can often be modeled by the system of repulsively-coupled oscillators which are configured in suitable configurations. And here the role of repulsive coupling plays a role of anti-ferromagnetic interactions. And the dynamics are given by this equation here. So since in all real systems signals take finite time to propagate, the question that we are interested in is what happens to the collective states of the stated system when we have finite time delay interaction between individual elements. And the answer that we find is that time delay does indeed have a great impact on frustration parameter. And we can use this property in neural network system for control switching between multistable and synchronous state. Thank you very much. I hope you come to my poster so that we can talk more about it. Number 22 is to be delivered by Kanayo Aguzzi from the Federal University of Technology, Awuri in Nigeria, which will tell us about her work on enhancing anti-corrosion properties of paints using natural extracts. Thank you. Corrosion is a destructive of metallic parts and structures. Corrosion also, the cost of cleaning up corrosion is very expensive. Here you can see pipeline being corroded and this an oil spill. So the cost of cleaning the oil spill is expensive. Most of the anti-corrosion additives used are toxic and expensive. Hence there is a need for us to develop a new class of anti-corrosion additives, which is non-toxic and inexpensive. So that's why we had to look at natural product of plant origin and source of low cost eco-friendly inhibiting additives. And these are the phytochemical components in the plant that makes it inhibitive. Now, we tested for these plant extracts as corrosion abilities using gravimetric techniques in the lab. And from a plot, we find that that plant extracts do affect corrosion in different ways. And you cannot say that corrosion, you can use plant extracts for anti-corrosion inhibiting. And further studies can be exploited for such. Mityat's poster, 22, thank you. Button is the laser pointer and the arrow is forward and back. Okay. Okay, thank you. Number 23 is to be delivered by Mohamed Reza Morari from Shakipahesh University in Iran. He'll tell us about his work on experimental characterization of an optofluidic liquid or liquid-flatting waveguide. Okay, this is the top view of an optofluidic waveguide. It is the same as the normal optical fibers, but it is delivered by the optical pulse, is delivered using the liquid mediums. Where, as you see in the cross-section, the refractive index of the cladding ones are less than the core medium. So, as seen by the TIR simulation, the ZMAX, we can deliver light from the first excitation port to the next one. So, what we have done and what we are interested is to increase the, sorry, to increase the refractive index distribution in the core medium, because after a while, the water and the core medium diffuse into each other and we won't have a sharper refractive index profile. This is our setup, what we use, and there are three steering pumps and one microchip and the optical power meter. This is what we have fabricated, the microchip and the setup. And this is our result. It is shown that higher rates of core flow results in better waveguiding. And it is true for when we increase the rate of the cladding flow rate. So, this may lead to the better characterization of these orthophilotic waveguides. Thanks for your attention. Question number 24 is to be delivered by Ina Wimbabazi from the National Crops Resources Research Institute in Uganda, and they'll tell us about his work on 48-transformed infrared spectroscopy for fast-tracking, affordable, bio-catalyst production. Thank you. Now, a lot of methods are currently used in studying materials, but for me, I zeroed in down on Fourier-transformed infrared, see because there's been widely known to be much faster than all the other methods. So, you're able to generate actually so many spectra within very few seconds and you can interpret so much data within that and you're able to know what your material contains. Well, when you even further couple your Fourier-transformed infrared with attenuated total reflectance, then you can lose so much data, you can actually get so much data from fluids and solids of this particle and you generate spectra similar to this. So, each of these peaks here you see represents a chemical bond between two atoms in your material. Right, so the heterogeneous bio-catalyst we synthesize were from agricultural waste such as sodast eggshells and common table-sugar sucrose. And what you see here, over here, is the process of heating eggshells strongly and when you do that, this is the material we got. We heated them at several temperatures, right? And of particular interest is this region between 1,000 and 500 and 1,000. These strong peaks you see here correspond to calcium carbonate. Now note, this is raw eggshells, but as we heated them strongly, as temperatures increase, you have thermo decomposition and subsequent emergence of another bond here, calcium oxide, which is the active catalyst we're interested in anyway. So, we tested the active catalyst then on transforming waste, rather expired sunflower oil into biodiesel. That's what you get here. The higher catalysts synthesize at higher temperatures had the highest amount of biodiesel, and this confirms what the FTIR spectra were giving us, thank you. Posture number 25 is to be delivered by Federico Abeja from the Universidad de la República in Uruguay and they'll tell us about his work on control and self-similarity in coupled chaotic maps. So, if you had to choose just one dynamical system with which to explain chaos to someone completely unfamiliar with the subject, you'd actually do very well to choose the logistic map because you see this is a very simple, one-dimensional, overarching map, so in goes X of n, out goes X of n plus one, and this actually started as a first approach model to population dynamics. And yet by varying its only parameter alpha from zero, which is not here, to four, we can see the asymptotic solutions to the system go from fixed points to periodic orbits and all the way up to chaos when alpha is greater than about 3.5. So we wanted to study the dynamics of two of these systems when they were coupled using a linear coupling that goes from zero to one and want to know what happened. So we've made some numerical simulations and here we can see the periodicity of orbits, so the colors correspond to different periods, black to chaos, as a function of one of the map parameters on the coupling constants when the other map is fixed to a chaotic regime. And we can see that even for relatively low coupling constants, when both maps are chaotic, we get periodic solutions, which means the system kind of controls itself. But we went a bit further and we wanted to study dynamics as a function of initial conditions and we can see that the system presents multistability, which means that for the same exact same parameters, different initial conditions will actually lead you to different attractive basins. And what's most interesting about this is that if you plot the structures leading to different attractive basins, that is what these colors are, you actually get self-similar structures. So the structures in the initial conditions map are fractional. So thank you very much. I'll be happy to explain more about it in my poster session and answer any questions you may have. Question number 26 is to be delivered by Vikas Panpe from the Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay in India. And he'll tell us about his work on identification of a non-linear stability boundary observed in nuclear reactors. I started to work on this topic because I write plays and I love drama. And the operation of these nuclear reactors are full of dramatic accidents in past. And why do you care because you love your life and you are living with 440 nuclear reactors around us. I am working on one kind of instability and these are the accident which occurred because of that instability. So this is a nuclear reactor and in this reactor water comes, here it gets heat from neutron generation and goes as steam and it went to turbine and produce power. These are the equations for the process. The instability was, I was talking about neutron couple thermal hydraulic instability was analogous to hope bifurcation. And if there is a hope bifurcation then there will be a limit cycle. If we have unstable limit cycle in our system then it is dangerous situation for us because if there is a large perturbation in our system it will grow and it is a dangerous situation for us. So what I did, I plotted a non-linear stability boundary at which the unstable limit cycle disappears and this region is made, this region is considered nuclear engineer as safe but I consider that because of unstable limit cycle it is unsafe and this region is stable and beyond it we are in a safe zone. So please visit my poster to know about hope bifurcation's limit cycle instability and also to know about why you should not join them. Thank you very much. Delivered by Benjama's Pongbun Jaurim Chai from the Kaset Star University in Thailand and she'll tell us about her work on dynamics of pin multi-arm spiral waves in excitable chemical. Thank you for the introduction. One of many reasons which make people interested in the spiral wave is that it connects somehow to some cardiac arrhythmia. In this case the spiral take the control of heart contactions because it has a frequency four to five times higher than normal. In this case the heart pump the butt to the body with a high frequency but lower efficiency and then it can lead to sudden cardiac death. So the spiral should be removed before we remove it we have to generate it first so we use the BC reaction as the model system to study the spiral wave because the preparation and the wave observation are convenient and from this figure the excitable is in red and the excited wave form is in blue. Our study we showed the initiation of T-arm spiral wave in BC reaction by using a position method and we study the dynamics of them. Before that in the first time the distance and the angle between arms are not equal but in the final it will be same. This is the self-organization. If you want to know the detail please come to my poster. Thank you for your attention. Question number 28 is to be delivered by Leonardo Dominguez Rubio from the University of Havana in Cuba and he'll tell us about his work on experimental platforms for the controlled growth of granular piles. Granular materials have been explained by scientists from many years ago but mainly the growing of piles. But there are some things like the transition between growing regimes from continuous to intermittent that haven't been explained by theoretical models. To do this, to provide an insight about this phenomenon we propose an experiment which is capable of controlling all the variables involved in this process but mainly that we can ensure the supplying height of the material. What makes us maintain the kinetic energy of the grains when they reach the top of the pile. For doing this you see we use a laser for detecting the position of the top of the pile. This picture was our first attempt of a 3D configuration but it's not the one we are using. I'm using it because it's more explicative but what we are using actually is a two dimensional pile with growing between two glasses which now has health show cell. This is our complete experimental setup which brings us a good problem which was too much data. So we couldn't use MATLAB or Mathematica for our licensed videos. So we have to make a program in C++ and OpenCV very efficient which allow us to process all that information in really short times. Some results we had were for example that the supplying height was constant. We could calculate the area of the pile, the angle of the pile in every frame but most important we found a linear dependence of the transition with the supplying height. Something that can help us to build a theoretical model for explaining this phenomenon. Thank you. Number 29 is to be delivered by Mohamed Farad from the Lahore University of Management Sciences in Pakistan. He'll tell us about his work on designing zero index materials using all dielectric photonic crystals. Refractive index of a material is the ratio of speed of light to the speed of the wave in that material which is really not the speed of energy but it's the speed with which the phase moves in the material. So a zero index material is a material in which the phase moves very quickly in the material. So whatever is the phase here, the same phase is here. So because of that, zero index materials are very important because we can have say one way transmission because in this case the phase is same but not in this case or we can mold the phase fronts of the waves with these materials whatever way we want. So the conventional approach of designing these materials is mixing a dielectric and a metal material say they are both finely grained. So the idea is that we can cancel the positive permittivity of the dielectric with the negative permittivity of the metal so that we can have almost zero permittivity but that has its own problems. First of all and the major one is that the impedance of this material becomes infinite which is the ratio of the permittivity and permeability because we are canceling the permittivities and not the permeabilities. So because of that the energy coupling to this is very difficult. So the more recent approach is to use photonic crystals which are periodic arrangement of only dielectric material and the idea is to calculate the dispersion diagram and see what frequencies are possible in this material where the wave number is zero not the index but the wave number of the material is zero. So that's what this work is focused on where we have investigated systematically the conditions under which a photonic crystal can behave as a photon code zero index material that can be used for application. So I would be happy to answer any questions in the post recession. Thanks. Okay. Okay. Cool. Thanks. Poster number 30 is to be delivered by Nina Dileva from CISA in Italy and she'll tell us about her work on the role of membrane composition in vision. Hello everyone. So vision is considered the dominant sense of human and of human. Okay. And in order for us to see, recognize or perceive something the light that enters through our eyes gets converted into neuro impulses that gets sent to our brain for us to make sense of the information. How does this happens? It happens in a series of steps known as photo transduction cascade. So, okay. How does vision work? Once the light enters through your eyes it gets projected onto the retina which is loaded with millions of photoreceptor cells which are mainly two types, rods and cons. So cons they detect fine detail and color while the rod cells they are more numerous more light sensitive and they register a gray scale of black and white. I want you all to memorize how a rod cell looks like because now I expect you to know that what is on the cover of this magazine is actually a rod cell. This big pink thing is the outer segment of a rod set and it consists of disk membranes that are surrounded by the plasma membrane. Embedded inside both the disk membrane and the plasma membrane there is a light sensitive protein known as Rodopsin. Rodopsin actually enables vision through activation of the photo transduction cascade and it behaves different in the disk membranes and in the plasma membrane. It is known to be functional only in the disk membranes and we want to know why. Could it be due to the fact that the two membranes have different lipid compositions? In order to study this and to answer this question we developed a model which is a coarse grained model for the protein membrane system instead of including the membrane like this we put a membrane potential and if you want to know what we found just come and see my poster. Thank you. What is to be delivered by Fatemeh Rajab Asadi from the Shahid Mahesh University in Iran that she'll tell us about her work on fabrication and functionalization of magnetic micro swimmers for biomedical applications. Hello everyone. My presentation is about fabrication and functionalization of magnetic micro swimmers in particular magneto sperm for biomedical application. In first step, what is a micro swimmers? Magnetic magneto sperm is magnetic micro swimmers consist of an ellipsoid head, magnetic ellipsoid head and trapezoidal flexible tail mimic to sperm cell which can swim by propagating a planar wave in flexible tail. Motion of magneto sperm is due to transverse generating based on a oscillating flexible tail. We use two pair of Helmholtz coil to produce oscillating with magnetic fields to swim this magneto sperm and detecting swimming by microscopic and tracking and feature tracking algorithm. We measure speed of swimming of micro swimmers vice versa, frequency of external magnetic field and provide this diagram by study physical of these micro swimmers. We can use them effectively in biomedical application. Thank you. Poster session two, poster number 32 is to be delivered by Zahra, Dajnazad from E.F.F. University in Iran and she'll tell us about her work on the characterization of bismuth, Y.I.G. Yathrium, something. Magnetic garlic powder prepared by auto combustion method. Hi everyone. Bismuth Y.G. with the following chemical formula with the following chemical formula are interesting soft, very magnetic material. This type of garlic because of high farther rotation, high farther than care rotation together with low optical absorption in optical wavelength visible to IR have a high quality factor. So this material have attracted attention in many applications such as electronic devices, microwave communication and light control device such as isolator, circulator and waveguides. In this study, we present the production of bismuth Y.G. with the following formula by social auto combustion method. This method is simple and inexpensive with a heat treatment at various annealing temperature as shown in this chart. The XRD analysis confirmed that a complete garnet phase has been formed in the powder annealed at 900 degrees Celsius. So with this heat temperature and this method, it's suitable to compelet garnet phase to be constructed. On the other hand, magnetoptical care measurement and VSM analysis show appropriate response to this powder, to this magnetic powder samples. Thanks for your attention. Okay, so that concludes poster session, snapshot session number two. Let's now proceed out to viewing the posters. And before we do that, let's give everyone and the presenters a nice round of applause.