 Essential oils are complex mixtures of volatile compounds produced by plants. They are composed primarily of terpenes, which are synthesized through the mevalinate pathway. Additionally, they contain phenols, which are derived from the shikimate pathway. The chemical composition of these oils gives them many beneficial properties such as antioxidants, anti-inflammatories, antimicrobials, and more. These properties make essential oils valuable for use in food and cosmetics, as well as in the medical field. This article was authored by Wissal Daifi, Sanaa Bellilli, Sabrine Jotzi, and others.