 Hello everyone, this is Shila Ratna once a day from Walshian Institute of Technology Solar Power. Today we are going to see the topic free hand sketches and in that we are going to see specific foundation bolts. Moving further students will be able to describe different types of foundation bolts. Now at this moment of the video I suggest you to pause the video and think over the different mounting of the machine that you have seen heavy machines specifically lead and other machines how they are being mounted on the ground. Recall the method recall the structure that is being formed below the machines. Moving further foundation bolts as the name suggests the name we itself suggest foundation bolts. These types of bolts are used for fixing the machines to the foundations to the grounds. Heavy machines like lathe machines drilling machines and CNC machines which are being placed on the ground with the help of foundation bolts. The foundation bolts are made from forging of mild steel or wrought iron. So forging method is used where you press the shape of the required foundation bolt on a metallic rod. The size of the bolt depends upon the size of the machine and magnitude of forces larger the size of the machine larger the magnitude of forces larger the size of foundation bolt. So depending upon the size depending upon the machine magnitude of forces and size of machine we have the size of bolt. Now these bolts are fixed to the machine with the help of nut and bolt arrangement and these are fixed to the ground or to the concrete foundation form with the help of cement concrete. A pit is being digged into the ground concrete is being filled the foundation bolt is being suspended into that concrete. Once the concrete sets the bolt gets firmly fixed into that small hole drill into the ground and then the machine is being mounted with the help of these foundation bolts using nut and bolt arrangement. So foundation bolts plays a very important role as far as machines are concerned because they transfer the vibrations the forces that are being generated on the machines due to various operations carried out on the machines to the grounds. So firm and strong foundation along with the foundation bolts gives you better functioning of that particular machine that is being it is intended for. For very fine cutting operations the foundation is very specific very reliable as compared to the foundations in very less precise machining components. Moving further the first type of foundation bolt is the eye foundation bolt. So you can see on the screen this is the metal rod that is being forged into and eye. This is how the shape of the foundation bolt is formed and in this eye a metallic rod is inserted in the horizontal fashion you can see it over here. So this avoids the loosening this rod this rod avoids the loosening of this bolt eye bolt into this pit into this concrete pit. First the bolt is suspended into the hole that is being made into the ground where you mount the machine where you want to mount the machine. And in that the hole cement concrete is being added and once the concrete sets this bolt is also set into this concrete. This is the most common type of foundation bolt here the part that that you need to be mounted the machine part is shown over here and this is the nut arrangement nut with a washer this way. So this is eye foundation bolt then we have bent foundation bolt the bent in bent foundation bolt the metallic rod is forged into this fashion it is in a bent form it is in a bent form with a head part over here this looks like a head part it is a head of this bolt and this is the shank of the bolt here you have threaded part. Now for forming or inserting this type of joint into the ground first you suspend the bolt into the hole made into the ground then lead material is added at this part first lead material is added this is allowed to weight gets strengthened and then the concrete material is added then the concrete material is added. This is for extra reliability extra strength of the bolt so this is the bent bolt or bent foundation bolt here you can have the threaded portion which is used to join the nut and bolt and this is the part machine part which is being mounted then we have rag foundation bolt so this is the rag foundation bolt it is cross section is either square or rectangular so here you can see a square symbol and written 2D D is the diameter of this bolt this is the diameter D and this counts to 2D of the square part or rectangular part on this square part there are serrations cut in this fashion as you can see on the screen so these are the serrations so these are the serrations that are formed similar to the bent foundation bolt this foundation bolt also requires first to be set into lead material first this will be set into the lead material lead is inserted and then concrete is being added this shape gives extra gripping in the lead material or in the concrete which gives more rigidity to the machine that is being mounted here again we have the component that is being mounted on the foundation this machine part and this is again the nut and washer arrangement so this shape gives you more rigidity more strong gripping into the concrete then we have levees foundation bolt as you can see on the screen the levees foundation bolt comes with a key so this is the key one part of this levees foundation bolt is straight this part is straight and the another side is inclined it is not straight it is in taper form so here a hole is made into the ground for making the foundation then the shape of this bolt is formed into the concrete that is one side it is taper and one side it is straight along with the key so this is the part this is the part that is being formed into the concrete this shape is made with the help of some insertions of this shape then the concrete is allowed to set once the concrete is set this bolt is inserted into the hole of the shape this tapered part aligns with the taper part in the concrete and then a key is inserted then the key is inserted this gives you additional gripping or gripping of this bolt into this concrete pit concrete hole then another end which is threaded is at this part this is the machine part this is the machine part and then this threaded part is being fastened with the help of nut so this is the nut end bolt arrangement at another end so as you can see a key is being used over here so you can say that this will not give you totally permanent foundation you can remove this foundation bolt as and when required as compared to previous foundation bolts that are high foundation bolt here there is no key directly fitted into the concrete similar is the case with bend foundation bolt similar is the case with rack foundation bolt but in levis foundation bolt the bolt can be removed from the concrete when you remove this key so this gives you temporary foundation of the machine or the any mechanical component mostly this type of bolt is used for lifting heavy objects or lifting stones this type of bolt is used as far as lifting stones is concerned a hole is being made into the stone heavy stone of the shape of this bolt then this bolt is inserted into it along with the key the key is to make a tight joint into the hole the end of this bolt the end of this bolt is made into an eye is made into an eye or in circular fashion and this circular end is used to lift the stone from one place to another so this is gives you a temporary joint as compared to other joints other foundation bolts you can remove this foundation as and when required these are the references thank you.