 Hello and welcome back to the new video on network addressing. So in this video we will be talking about IP addresses mainly. So what are IP addresses? IP addresses are basically certain addresses which are used to communicate between two devices. Now these addresses define which device you are communicating from and which device you want to communicate to. Like normal addresses they help the packets or the communication determine where it is supposed to go and where it is supposed to place the request and get the response from. So when you look at IP addresses there are typically three things we talk about. They are IP addresses themselves, something called the subnet mask and then a gateway. So if you have ever tried to configure or enter an IP address into any of your devices say your laptops you would have seen these three things. So what do they mean? So IP addresses as we know this is a unique address that your system has over the network. Now when we come to subnet mask this basic address or these digits define whether this particular IP address and the others belong to a single network. So using this a computer can calculate whether 192.168.0.2 and or any other IP address with this subnet mask belong to the same network or not. How? We will look at it in some time. And gateway is the IP address of your router. So what is a router? Router is a device that actually divides networks or marks the end of a network. So the function of a router is to connect to networks. So the gateway is the router of your network. For example at your home if you have a Wi-Fi router that router connects you to the internet service provider like different companies which give you internet. So what IP addresses are they are set of four digits as you saw or we call them four octets. Why octets? So as we know computers communicate using the zeros and ones language. So each number is represented by eight digits which can be zero or one. So here what we say is 192s representation in the octet form which is basically binary is one one and all the zeros. So how do you get that? So if you look at this you take two to the power zero which is one two to the power one which is two and similarly if you calculate all of these and then multiply whatever value here with the value here. So this becomes 128 and 64 and then you add all these that should become 192. So this is one I would say a crude way of calculating what the respective binary values are or how you can get value from the binary value. Now let us look at the other numbers which were there in the address which were 192, 168, 01 and 255. So these are the representations of the other numbers. So an octet can go from zero which is the minimum number it can represent to 255. Now what does this mean? This means that an IP address in each octet can take a number between zero to 255 which is 256 numbers similarly for the other octets as well. We can have at the max of 255 to the power 4 of number of unique addresses in using this addressing scheme but do not you think these are these addresses are a bit less in number if we consider the entire internet yes definitely. So we have something called IPv6 that has come in and that is a totally different topic that to be discussed and there is another concept of something called public and private addresses that we will be looking into soon. Now let us now let us get to the next part of IP addresses which was the subnet mask.