 two-dimensional, 2D, transition metal oxides and calcogenides, TMO, and CS have gained increasing interest and recent years due to their unique physical, chemical, and optical properties. These properties make them ideal candidates for use in photocatalysis, where they can be used to convert solar energy into useful products such as hydrogen or oxygen. In this review, we discussed the synthesis methods and applications of 2D TMO and C-base photocatalists focusing on strategies to enhance light absorption and charge separation. We also highlight potential future directions for research in this field. This article was authored by Farjana Hack, Torban D'Nique, Kourosh Kalantarzada, and others.