 Blockchain technology can be used to improve transparency within a supply chain network. This paper proposes a bi-objective optimization model to integrate the transparency resulting from the use of blockchain technology into the design of a three-level supply chain network. The model is applied to two cases, where either the focus is solely on transparency, case one, or both transparency, cost, and benefits, case two. The results demonstrate that case one has less computational complexity and better scalability, while case two has more transparency, less congestion, and more security. Managers should consider the trade-offs between features such as cost and benefits when deciding whether to feature blockchain technology in their supply chain networks. This article was authored by Ardavan Babai, Majid Kedmati, Mohammed Rezaq Bari Joka, and others.