 Well, people forget, at least historically speaking, a lot of societies were very conservative and conservative in the sense that if you came up with a new idea, it could be scientific, it could be technical, it could be philosophical or religion, that there were people incumbents, what you would call, so vested interest, who would like to stop you because you are endangering their position in society. So every school child knows the story about Galileo Galilei being holed before the papal court, but there are in fact hundreds and hundreds of stories like that, not only in the West but equally in China, in the Islamic world and so on. And so the question is not, do these, do these resistance exist, but how you overcome it? Europeans may not like this, but I'm going to say it anyway. So in the United States, there is a big technological attempt for genetically modified organisms, okay, and Europeans don't like this. They think it's, you know, it's Franken-farming and, you know, there's all this terminology and we don't think this is going to be bad. Now, this is not going to be able to stop this because eventually if this is not going to happen in Europe, it's going to happen in the United States, it's going to happen in Canada, it'll happen somewhere else, and so they would be faced with a fed-up complete. The same is true for almost any other innovation that will happen. That's because in some sense the world today is the way Europe was in the 16th century. Many units, and if one won't do it, the other will, and of course if you know that, if this is sort of common knowledge, then everybody has to participate because if you don't participate in this movement, you'll fall behind, okay? That's the Spanish sort of lesson. In 1600, Spain, well, maybe 1550, Spain was the leading power in Europe and in 1900, there was nobody, and the reason is that everybody else has advanced a lot and Spain has stayed in the same place, and so this is a very frustrating, disappointing outcome for a country like that, and so everybody has to participate in the game. And I think that makes a big difference, but there's something else. Doubt, okay, okay, okay. And the question is, how much respect do you have for people who wrote in the past? And so even today in the United States, we have a considerable minority in the country who's like the Bible literally, and that is just because they have a great deal of respect for authorities. Now, the same is true in, say, many Islamic countries who dig the ground literally, and I think what has happened in the West, at some point in the later Middle Ages and early Renaissance period, and we lost this respect. We basically, in the West, and this is true all over Europe, we basically said, yes, Aristotle said a lot of things, let's test, let's see if this is true. Okay, so you do experiments, you do observations, you take a telescope, you look at the stars, you look at microscope, like Anthony van Leeuwenhoek, you look down, and you see things, and you see, you know what? These guys who were writing in the past, Galen, Avicenna, you know, doctors, physicists, geographers, they didn't know what they're talking about, they're wrong, you know, Aristotle may be a big genie, but he was wrong about this, this, this, this, and this. We know better, okay? So this, in some sense, is disrespect for authority. Now, this sounds somehow bad, but it isn't, you know? You really want people to be, in some sense, disrespectful. You know, you want everything to be contestable, knowledge should be contestable. When the British Royal Society is founded in 1660, you know, what the slogan was. In the Nullius Verba, that means take nobody's word, on no one's word, meaning don't take anybody's word, go check for yourself. Do the observation, test the hypothesis, everything is debatable, everything is contestable. You know, Newton in the end got overthrown himself, Einstein maybe overthrown him, and there is nobody who's the final authority. That is what innovation needs. If you're gonna sit down and say, look, all the wisdom that can be given to our forefathers, and it was written up in the Quran, or in the Talmud, or in the four books of Confucius, you're not gonna make progress.