 This is a huge drain on resources, and it leaves the continent dangerously vulnerable to the price shots should there be a shortage. African countries are working aggressively to alter their economies. Destiny. The coalition for African rice development created in 2008 with Japan's leadership was hoping to double Africa's rice production within a decade. In the past, increases in Africa's rice production came most of the land expansion. But now, the focus is on increasing yields on less land, some of the Asian countries know very well. To make meaningful change in Africa is a huge challenge, but it's been up before, right here in Vietnam. In a very short period of time, we know Vietnam went from being a large importer of rice to becoming one of the world's largest exporters. They did it by staying focused, making use of the best modern varieties, and judicious policy reforms. Today, it's hard to imagine that Vietnam ever imported rice. This kind of determination and persistence is also evident in its people, especially its scientists. During my time with the Rockwell Foundation's rice biotechnology program, we made the first grant that the U.S. government allowed me to be made in Vietnam since the war. We made it to a promising young Vietnamese scientist named Lee Tran Ben. Since then, Ben has become a leader in agricultural development and transformation here in Vietnam. Over the years, Ben and I have become friends. At various times, we discuss different challenges that we're facing. I'm asking, do you think this is possible? He always answers with the same optimistic reply. Why not? We have to try. So why not? That's the question we have to ask ourselves. Because Ben's right. There's no reason we can't confront and overcome the challenges ahead. We have the technology. We have the resources. And most importantly, we have the area to lead the way. Together in partnership, we can ensure that farmers in Asia, Africa and elsewhere enjoy productive crops, healthy livelihoods and productive lives. Thank you. Thank you, Sam. We'll just hold our questions. We'll move to the next presentations. We'll have three presentations. Then we'll have a panel discussion for hopefully for 30 minutes there. Our next presenter is Mr. Mathias Wundi from the Bayer Crop Science. Currently, he works as a global market acceptance manager. And for the last 10 years, he has worked in various capacities within Bayer Crop Science. He was educated as an agronomist in France. And he will talk about the biodecnology developments that's been in the evolution. With that, Mr. Wundi, thank you. Thank you very much. I would like to thank the organizer for inviting me. The speech that I'm going to deliver is entitled, Biotechnology Development Sustaining the Green Revolution. For those of you who have participated in this forum since this morning, a lot of the data I'm going to show you have already seen. These are macro data, sorry, these are macro data regarding agriculture, where we are standing today and the type of challenges that we are going to face into the future. You've seen all those data, but I think that this is worth repeating them, repeating them and repeating them again. Not only in this type of forum, but also outside, in order to make sure that people are understanding the great challenges that agriculture are going to face into the future. And these, in order to try to find out the solutions that don't need to be implemented locally. This map, hopefully, is not available. This map is designed and updated by the end developers, explaining and showing where are the undernourished people in the planet. There are one billion people of the undernourished, there is one million people undernourished in the world. Most of those people are in Asia. We have 600 million people undernourished in Asia. The second continent, which is a dramatically hit by this, is Africa, with more than 250 million people. When we are looking at the map like this, we are looking at statistics, the behind statistics. And here, when we are talking about green revolution, the goal is not really to optimize agriculture for the sake of optimizing agriculture. The goal of the green revolution is to be able to make sure that we are a growing population who will still be able to nourish more and more people and to be able to decrease the number of undernourished people in Africa. So you remember that in the 1950s, we were on this planet about 2.5 million. There is, they were about half an acre in order to be able to nourish each people. By 2000, this number has reached 6.1 million. And we are expecting that by 2050, we will be 9 million people on this planet. So there again, the challenge is a simple mathematical equation. More people, less arrival land. How is agriculture going to sustain producing enough food to be able to feed people? A couple of years ago, buyers and also people have made a cry for the call for a second window. Here, I'm going to display to you a short video about three minutes. That is explaining you the concept about what we are meaning by second window. It would be better if I would have something. This is because she doesn't have to work in the fields all day, but rather has value... This is Chandra Kalar from India. She's 10 years old and has been going to school for two years. She's the first girl in her family to learn how to read. This is because she doesn't have to work in the fields all day, but rather has valuable time for school. It wasn't always like this. When they were her age, Chandra's parents spent their entire childhoods in the fields to provide for their families. In those days, harvests were less reliable and the yields were lower. In the 1960s, India was on the brink of a major famine after several harvests failed. Learning to read and write was inconceivable. Unfortunately, that is still the case in many countries in Latin America, Africa, and Asia. A Guamist Norman Borlock went to Mexico in the 1950s on behalf of the US government to try and successfully combat hunger. His task was to work at the increased food production by the use of fertilizers, crop protection products, and higher yielding seeds. Norman Borlock founded the Green Revolution, which in the following years also made possible substantial productivity increases in India and other countries in Asia. Save the Nobel Peace Prize in 1970 in recognition of this achievement, the jury Masler said. They have made this choice in the hope that providing bread would also give the world peace. In an interview given shortly before his death in September 2009, Norman Borlock said, When I was born 95 years ago, there were 1.6 billion people on this planet. There are likely to be 9.1 billion people on our planet by 2050. In the next 40 years, humanity will have to produce more food than in the past 10,000 years together. This will be accompanied by further increases in the global demand for food and animal feed. However, the land available for growing crops around the world is limited and global climate change will present agriculture with further challenges. Dr. Michael Metzloff, a molecular biologist at Bayer Crop Science, is one of the leading research scientists working on the development of crops capable of coping better with climate stress. We need a second Green Revolution to further increase our crop yields. For that, we need state-of-the-art methods and technologies in plant breeding research but also in the transfer of plant traits. We at Bayer Crop Science invest some 650 million Euro every year in the research and development of innovative crop protection solutions and crops with improved properties. We plan to increase our research spending to 750 million Euro per year in the medium term. Because we know that the problems of the future can only be resolved with innovation. The challenges we face at Bayer Crop Science are fundamental. They affect nothing less than the health and survival of millions of people. However, I am confident that these challenges can be overcome through innovation. In the 60s and the 70s, the first Green Revolution has started. It was caused by really three main factors. First, the growing population, a limited land and food shortage. What we see today is that all those different aspects are still there. We still have a growing population, we still have a limited land, and we have food shortage in many countries. But now we have additional challenges that we have to face and through our agricultural processes. The first one is that we need to mitigate the impact of climate change. That means that when we are talking about climate change, we are talking about climate distortion, too much water, too less water, and how we are going to change the agronomic system in order to be able to still produce enough food. The second one is that we know that one of the drawbacks from the first Green Revolution was its impact on the environment. So now, not only we need to keep on raising the productivity of agriculture, but we need also to make sure that the environmental footprint of agricultural will be decreased. So the type of solution that have been found in the 60s and the 70s. First, farmers training, making sure that farmers understand the environment, know how to best and grow their land. The development of crop protection products in order to protect the plants. The launch of new varieties and with an additional yield. The use of fertilizer, the use of mechanization. All these is still needed today. There are still plenty of countries who do not have access to mechanization, who do not have access to the basic product that will be useful, or even fertilizer. But today we have also new tools that can be added to the span of our plant. First, keeping on developing hybrid varieties in order to raise yield. The second one is the development of plant biotechnology. The third one is to keep on investigating and developing new agronomic practices that are going to optimize agriculture, but that are also going to lower the environment. So when we are coming to plant biotechnology, clearly this is perceived as a topic which is both complex and controversial. A lot of people are fighting it. A lot of people also sometimes don't understand it. Here I'm not expecting to be able to solve the question about plant biotechnology perception to less than 20 minutes, but I would like to give you the vision of biotechnology science. And I'm going to read this statement out loud. Biocraft science employs to endorse the responsible use of plant biotechnology with the aim to improve the productivity and quality of agricultural crop. This technology complements traditional plant breeding and includes modern breeding tools such as marker assistive breeding and genetic engineering. Through plant biotechnology, the yield and quality of food, feed, fiber and renewable raw material can be enhanced in an environmental friendly way. Plant can be made more resistant to pests or better able to withstand environmental stress conditions such as heat, cold, flooding, shortage of water or solid soil. In this statement, there are two things that you need to remember. The first one is that plant biotechnology is one of the technology. It's not the only one. It is not a silver bullet, but it is one of the technologies that are available in order to make sure that agriculture is going to face and address the challenges we have ahead.