 This study examined the effectiveness of a new approach to the differential diagnosis of severe combined craniocerebral injury, SCCI, and the fat embolism syndrome, FES. The authors found that this approach reduced the mortality rate from 26.8 percent to 17.0 percent when compared to traditional methods. This suggests that the new approach may be more effective than traditional methods in identifying and treating these conditions. This article was authored by A. A. Razikov and M. K. Nazarov.