 Thank you very much. So probably you see here some message from hidden sector. Actually what is shown here, some simulated event in Miniboon experiment and Miniboon experiment is searching for sterile neutrinos. And if sterile neutrinos exist, then most probably there's something which comes from a hidden sector. Neutrino properties are summarized in this plot and you see very nice and very appealing structure of leptomixing with maximal or close to maximal 2-3 mixing, three maximal mixing of all three flavors in the second state and very small mixing of electroneutrino. Here this is what is called 1-3 mixing and this is of the size of 2%. So this is kind of very appealing scheme which probably tells us that there is some symmetry behind leptomixing. And what is interesting, this very small 1-3 mixing measured quite recently may be the key to explain all this picture. So this is certainly some physics beyond the standard model. However, for time being we have various suggestions which span 20 orders on 28 orders of magnitude to explain neutrinos masses and mixing starting from very low-scale electrovolts, kind of an electroweak scale, a number of mechanisms, radiative mechanisms, etc. This is something new since I see, as cubes see these PV neutrinos, then we immediately jump on this. Maybe IceCube shows some new scale in physics and maybe we should connect our neutrinos with this scale and of course God scale and Plunk scale physics and that what I will focus on mostly in my talk. Speaking about mixing, here the different suggestions span from symmetries and here we have a very complicated model. Some of them contain something like 100 new fields to explain just three parameters up to anarchy and randomness and here not much to say so if the nature is like this then it's okay. In view of this, to add another model maybe it's not a big kind of problem and not a big crime and so what I will show you is another attempt to explain these results with this is the paper which should appear soon with Patrick Loodle and with the following guidelines, the stability with the present facilities is not the problem of nature. This is our problem apparently. So I think that still the best what we have invented in the last 50 years is kind of unification line and it seems that it is new trend to try to explain the problems in visible sector using hidden sector. So this is outline of my talk and the starting point will be the relation between leptin mixing and quark mixing. Then I will discuss implications of this relation. Mostly focus on the framework unfortunately I have no kind of complete model, it's just a framework which probably can produce some interesting results and I will show some realizations which it depends on the time. I have many realizations, I mean 50 maybe, I'll show a few of them and then discuss a little bit the stability of this scenario. The relation between leptin and quark mixing it's quite popular idea is that leptin and quark mixing are related in such a way that the PMNS matrix, leptin mixing matrix is given by, I have written here, U C K M dagger and some matrix U X where this U C K M something which is close to V C K M matrix, the mixing matrix in quark sector. So it has the same expansion parameter which is capable angle but may still slightly be different. Now U X is something new and probably has some special form and fixed by symmetry. It can be determined from experimental results and if this is matrix of the other one then this matrix U X should be something like try by maximum mixing matrix. So important thing that this relation which looks like very generally can always write something like this leads to certain prediction for one-three mixing. It led because it was actually done even before discovery of one-three mixing. So this is again the same relation and suppose this matrix U X is given by two-three rotation by nearly maximum mixing and this we need anyway because the mixing in leptons sector is maximal and in V C K M two-three mixing is very small, this is V C B. The value of one-three mixing is irrelevant but what is important that there is no one-three mixing, one-three mixing is zero. From here you immediately get the following, the mixing matrix of leptons is written like here, just inserting here U X and in the simplest way just take here K-beaver rotation and then what you need to do to reduce this matrix to the standard parameterization form this is how we define mixing angles you need to make this permutation and immediately get this relation between one-three mixing and K-beaver angle. Sine theta one-three is one over squared of two sine theta K-beaver. That was predicted ten years ago or so and it seems that data are in very good agreement with these numbers. So whatever I want to update with the recent measurements of especially one-three mixing it is just to show you that how series are now experimental results. So here you see the diabetes result of measurements of one-three mixing which actually dominates in determination of this angle and here you see the spectrum of neutrinos from anti-neutrinos from atomic reactor this energy spectrum and blue histogram is what is expected and red one what is observed and you see nice very precise measurements which show the deficit of the signal this is the residual and you see again very nice agreement and this is due to oscillations due to one-three mixing and even here you see really measured oscillation curve in the scale L over E. Now from this global feed of all oscillation data I want to just to stress here that actually two-three mixing also probably deviates from maximal and the situation is uncertain and it depends on actually type of mass hierarchy. Now what is the present-day situation? Here you see this sine squared t to one-three multiplied by hundred and so this is one over two sine squared t to Kb this what is supposed to be sine squared t to one-three if you believe in this relation but now experimental points are somehow more than three-sigma of so this is a diabetes out here and so this is this point with prediction so now we have this difference but what is interesting that the relative difference is of the order of lambda squared Kb squared so this tell you the accuracy of the present-day determination so now even say small elements like Vcb in this game become important so this is kind of the strengths of accuracy of present-day measurements there are different ways how one can reconcile the framework I have formulated with experimental data so one can take CKM corrections not only Kb by angle but also small mixing angles in CKM matrix then one can actually explore deviation of two-three mixing from maximal because this factor one half is just precisely sine squared t to three that's consequence of maximal two-three mixing and one can do of course boss so in this so what we did with Patrick we just used more general form of this UX matrix admitting here some phase matrix some deviation of two-three from maximal and this angle again is irrelevant so for this more general form of UX matrix the relation between one-three mixing and t to Kb is like here so here you have sine squared t to three x angle of rotation in this UX matrix and these are corrections when you take into account complete CKM matrix corrections of the order if you take the form using Wolfenstein parameterization precisely of lambda squared with something so excluding from these two relations sine squared t to x you can immediately get something which connects one-three mixing square and two-three mixing angles and you see these relations in the plot so here you see physical angle one three and this is sine squared t to three and here you see the predictions depending on the phase alpha in the matrix gamma I have shown and here are experimental regions so you see you have very good agreement but of course one should keep in mind that here we use exactly VCKM matrix and of course one can expect some deviations of VCKM and UCKM some difference and therefore you can hit even central valley but what is important by the order of magnitude you really have very non-trivial agreement of the framework which I have formulated of form of the PMNS matrix with experimental results now what are implications what does it mean if not accidental still it may be accidental this means that quarks and leptons know about each other of course right this means that probably there is kind of quark lepton unification or maybe grant unification or at least some common flavor symmetry which leads to such a relation on the other hand some additional physics is involved in lepton sector which produces this UX matrix which is related to smallest explanation of smallness of netrina mass and that produces the difference between quark and lepton mixing so it looks like there are two different new physics involved one is which explains CKM type mixing both lepton and quark sectors and something new which produces the smallest of netrina mass and this difference the matrix UX and of course the most kind of complete unification is provided by SL10 now this is again kind of repetition of what I just said and so this form just to reiterate can be produced that this matrix come from Dirac matrices which is general for quarks and leptons and this is something which is related to mechanism of smallness of netrina mass another point which follows from this consideration that relation between quark and lepton mixing in the easiest form can be obtained using CISO type 1 mechanism so here you see the mass matrix of netrinos according to the CISO this is the mass matrix of right handed netrinos inverted and if you take into account that Md can be parameterized in such a way this is left rotation, this is right rotation this is diagonal elements of this matrix then in grant unification you can get immediately that the matrix of left rotation here is just coincided with CKM matrix so this is how CKM enters in the game now then UX matrix is something which diagonalizes the rest of the structure and more precisely of this form so that's Md, this is right rotation this is inverse of right netrina mass matrix etc so from here you can get also what is the structure of right handed netrina mass matrix and the key point is that it's very hierarchical because this Md is like a mass matrix of U quarks that may testify that actually even right handed netrinos their masses are produced by the CISO mechanism and nice relation is that you can cook this scale of right handed netrina masses from the gut scale squared or some new scale MS which is close to Planck scale or String scale so what is this double CISO mechanism and the double CISO mechanism introduce another singlets of standard model symmetry group and also singlets of S10 in our examples and you can get the following complete mass matrix these are light neutrinos these are right handed neutrinos and this is this S and so this is symmetric matrix it's more complicated of course than just a single CISO and diagonalization leads to the following form of the mass matrix of light neutrinos so it's Md, this one, inverse of this one then just linear proportional to this MS and it's a transparent part, symmetric part so this is double CISO and right handed a neutrino mass matrix is given by the formula which I have shown you before so now important feature which I will use in what follows is that if Md here is somehow proportional to this big Md then you have consolation here and the light mass matrix is just proportional to this mass matrix of new singlets so this what we called a screening of the Dirac structures and we know that the structures of neutrino mass matrix are not very hierarchical so one needs to get rid once you do unification of these very hierarchical Dirac mass matrices so complete screening if just Md is proportional to Md big and that can be a consequence of certain symmetries and then you have such an expression for masses of light neutrinos and you have complete freedom because now your mass matrix of light neutrinos is just related to this MS very heavy mass matrix and you can do what you want to do with this singlet mass matrix it could be also partial screening actually what I am using here that this Md is just gives VCKM but that can produce also some certain structures now what is framework and of course the first element is hidden sector and you cannot see anything here of course but most probably it consists of a lot of stuff some singlets of some fermions some bosons and maybe gauge interactions yukawa interactions and some special symmetries in this sector and maybe some symmetries which are common with our usual sector now there are a few signatures a few hints that such a sector exists and that comes from of course dark universe and presumably dark matter, dark energy body and asymmetry generation are somehow related to this hidden sector the hidden sector may be related to anomalies like LS&D reactor anomaly, gallium anomaly this 3.5 kV line observation and why not neutrino masses so maybe neutrino masses and mixing come from this hidden sector so this is the framework and I will show you this type of the diagrams without kind of showing formulas many times so what you see here we took SO10 so this is 16th plate of fermions actually there are three of course and this is usual coupling with 10th plate of hexes so this produces the masses of usual dark masses of fermions now we have a hidden sector and singlets, a number of singlets and also singlet of bosons which produce here Yukawa couplings and then we need to connect these two sectors and since we have 16th plate of fermions we need to introduce 16th plate of hexes in this SO10 model so things arranged in the following way CKM mixing comes from this part actually it should be of course more complicated than it's written here but for time being I will elaborate on this later now due to this screening effect no mixing is produced here and here apart from the CKM which I will discuss later and then all the mixing comes from this part and this type of the interactions should produce the matrix MS which I have discussed before of such a form approximately gives me kind of try by maximum mixing so screening matrix will be just one in examples which I will discuss but due to symmetry we will get this proportionality of Dirac small and big to kind of diagonal matrix so it's just one that doesn't produce any mixing and all mixing comes from here so these are just written explicitly interactions this is what is producing invisible sector Yukawa and produces MD this is what we call portal interaction it's fashionable, it's a portal for this kind of sound nice, you know this is interaction of 16th plate of fermions with hexes and with these singlets and this is hidden sector interactions couplings between singlets of fermions and singlets of standard model and SO10 of scalar fields so no mixing is generated here because everybody is sitting in one multiplet it's nice so this is the way you can decouple CKM physics from the rest from the hidden sector physics and even if it's not diagonal everything is rotated in the same way but masses are generated so the key point or the key element ingredient of this framework is so-called basis fixing symmetry and the point is that information about mass states of 16th plate should be somehow communicated to hidden sector so they still should chat with each other because otherwise it's just two traces and you produce just one mass state and nothing more, you cannot transfer information so information about mixing in the hidden sector should be transferred somehow to the visible one so for this the symmetry of this basis symmetry should be introduced which distinguishes three 16th plates and makes this FF interactions in a visible sector to be diagonal so what's interesting that the smallest group and here we use also the SO10 features of the model is this Z2 process 2 which can do this job and with charge assignment like here so I put one if it is transformed it's just like EI pi and zero if it is just like one you get this type of the matrix of the charges with respect to Z2 cross Z2 and you see you have zeros here in diagonal and all other are off diagonal which tells you that you have a diagonal mass matrix so you have also distinguished in such a way all three generations so interesting example if you make some other prescription you have the same result but in this way you can argue that that gives you three generations because three non-trivial combinations make a response to three generations of fermions so now mediator another important component in this framework is that you need to introduce some fields which are charged with respect to G basis and also hidden symmetry so this guy will actually communicate information and looking at this portal term and you see that as a mediator it can be one S this is the singlet of fermions it can be 16 plate of hexes another line or you can introduce some new flower ones and then you need to complicate your this portal interaction so these are new flower ones but then you need to have non-trivializable couplings here so they can actually be carriers of this basis symmetry and you see kind of connection how you transform information from 16 plates of fermions to a hidden sector here so here is connection immediately you just have immediately connection of the 16 plate with this one this is kind of summary of setup so we have CKM physics here which are associated with this S10 and 16 plates this is neutrino new physics which the logic stand comes from this new fermions in the hidden sector and new bosons and there is some hidden symmetry here but what is important you have here portal and portal symmetry is very important because the information which you want to send from here depends on the symmetry of your portal and now you see you you have now many games now you can play with symmetry here with symmetry here everything and what is important to a large extent separate the CKM physics here with this setup and the physics which is responsible for try by maximal mixing and of course dealing with singlets is much easier than just to build a model which is going to explain everything it could be bang now let me show you some realisation how much time do I have 7 minutes so this is one example I will show you just this type of the diagrams which repeat to some extent the first explanatory with some details and with the charges for instance this is the simplest example here these the singlets of fermions themselves are the mediators here you see the charges with respect to basis groups and one needs to introduce some auxiliary group to forbid some couplings which you don't want to have for instance just the usual mass terms simple mass terms for these singlets here we see we also describe some basis charges for these singlet hexes and it is this structure which produces the mixing so no mixing is generated here at least at this level now these are expressions for small Dirac mass matrices there are different Yukawa couplings apparently screening matrix is diagonal so everything is diagonal so it doesn't produce mixing for this reason and so this is explicit expression for this D matrix and now one needs to have just to obtain this unit matrix to have this relation between Yukawa couplings in the portal interactions and in visible sector so this equality either you introduce some additional symmetry or it may just come from the fact that your 16 plaid and singlets come or some kind of remember some further unification into E6 for instance when they are originating from the same 27 plaid now with kind of complete set of charges for singlet hexes here you can get any matrix MS and you can just say we are at very high scale so this is the scale which is close to string scale or plank scale there is no big hierarchy between couplings so all this kind of hierarchy is just result when you go down to lower energies but if you want to do better job so you need to make kind of more structured features for the hidden sector for instance you can introduce just two flower ones which couple with the singlets of this charge and then the matrix which you are producing is like this which is close to what you want to have so these elements are zero but you can generate them by different ways either in additional flower ones or due to interactions with other hidden fermions or as a high order effects now I haven't introduced even any hidden specific hidden symmetry and I have already produced mixing which is kind of reasonable just using this basis fixing symmetry now you can introduce some additional symmetries in the hidden sector for instance ZM and it is easy to do when it is a billion symmetry so now we are playing with a billion symmetries here and you can always add something more like for instance you can introduce ZM symmetry but what you need to do also you need to compensate to have a symmetric theory since your S1S transforms now according to this ZN in a portal term you need to introduce some other parts so this is additional flower ones which with the charges introduced in such a way that you have here invariant combination okay using this the model becomes like here now we have this additional hexes which are coupled with this 16 plate and they participate in the coupling between 16 fermions and the singlets with certain charges and here I use this additional hidden symmetry Z3 for instance so also you see the three charges for singlets and here for singlets of hexes and let me just tell you one can get easily matrix like this with dominant 2,3 block and again the couplings are of the same model you introduce immediately large 2,3 mixing and here is 0,1,3 mixing which you want to have and so you can play many many exercises here introducing different groups in the hidden sector structure however with a billion groups the only what you are getting is texture zeros texture zeros and you cannot have kind of non-trivial relations between elements for this you need to introduce by the way this is another example with another prescription you might get the mass matrix of this type which actually immediately give you a maximal 2,3 mixing and 0,1,3 mixing this is what you need to get the mass matrix but here you at best should have quasi-degenerate spectrum of neutrinos so this is another example with another hidden symmetry it's another kind of structure with different charges and you can get matrices like in the previous case also here now let me speak about introduction of non-abillion symmetries and here is kind of interesting thing close still since you have many singlets in your hidden sector it may happen that you can produce approximate or effective non-abillion structures just because you have many contributions to your mass matrix and so you may have equality or approximate equality of different elements in the matrix MS because there are many contributions from different singlets to this and so even though different contributions kind of have some spread the sum will be quite close to equality another way is to introduce explicitly some non-abillion structures in hidden sector the problem here is that all your three fermion families have different charges and therefore either you are breaking the symmetry when you introduce this non-abillion structure or you need to have kind of semi-direct products and therefore you can embed this in a bigger group and this is an example of what you can do so you may start with some flavor symmetry which is broken differently in the hidden sector in the portal interactions and we explore different kind of unifications and then in this case you can get almost like this try by maximum the important point of course breaking the symmetry somewhere here you will get some corrections so you can easily get such a matrix in the lowest order however corrections appear due to the fact that you are breaking the symmetry in the portal interaction and the portal interactions are at gut scale and you introduce the symmetry somewhere close to Planck scale so there's a difference of the scales and therefore corrections are quite small at the level of 10 to the minus 4 now give me 3 minutes more so very briefly this is kind of scheme how can you introduce some more these singlets in the hidden sector which are coupled with singlets which I have discussed but you should avoid coupling immediately here in the portal otherwise you will destroy this screening effect so this can be done and actually due to the effect of these singlets you may produce some interesting additional structures for the MS matrix in particular close to 2-3 permutations symmetry CKM physics just let me summarize and show you because we haven't elaborated so we separated CKM physics from the physics responsible for large mixing in the left hand sector so let me show you one of the examples the mass hierarchy can be produced in the way that the first generation gets the masses through high order operators like this the second one like this and the third generation is just at 3 level so for this unit introduce some another field scalar field which also comes from this hidden sector and to introduce this Yukawa symmetry and then describing different charges you can realize such a situation and for CKM mixing of course you need to have at least two templates and then to have different charges the mixing basically comes from down quark sector and then you need to introduce something more to explain difference of masses of muon and strange quark for instance so I have two slides with two explanation signs so how to test this scenario you may think but the most important prediction that nothing should be seen at LHC which is associated to neutrino mass generation of course it's important to make further precise measurements of 1, 3 and 2, 3 mixings then some special CP phases may indicate say something discovery of proton decay would be important then light sterile neutrinos dark matter inflation leptogenesis could be connected to this and I will not read what is in my summaries essentially what I was telling you already so we elaborated framework which explains this type of relation between quark and lepton mixing matrices thank you question the extra 16 representations 16 higgs doesn't affect the unification look you haven't even asked if it's supersymmetric or not so we put apart all these questions of symmetry breaking yes it should affect it depends on the masses so you can use these 16 plate also to break got symmetry so we just focus we don't want to produce even model I'm not saying this is the model how you can explain lepton mixing which can be embedded but one is to work on this and can't you write also the higher dimensional representation operator which is like 16 16 fermions 16 fermions 16 higgs 16 higgs which will give you which will generate for you neutrino masses so in the versions we have some auxiliary symmetries we actually forbidden this type of the most of these non-renormalizable terms are with singlets because it's easy if you introduce this kind of you know multiply 16 plates or so that is not so it becomes not easy but it's just non-renormalizable interactions are due to singlets and they are probably produced at plank scales so just you can actually have also renormalizable made them out of the coupling of some degrees of freedom at plank scale we just check that this is possible in your framework do you like myranna neutrino or this is optional so in this framework it is myranna neutrino and actually lepton number violation comes from this ms matrix so would you predict something for double beta decay look this is as usual because we have some parameters in principle yes it should be double beta decay but precise values of that one needs to do model building already actually we haven't discussed your masses the values of mass we actually discuss mostly mixing it's interesting in this framework you make to some extent decoupled mixing and masses depending on masses then you may get different predictions for neutrino as double beta decay okay so let's thank the speaker again