 Okay, good morning everybody, good morning to all my bright students here and everyone online and as well as those who later logged into the e-learning portal. How's everybody? Good. Okay, what about all those there? Okay, I see Ravali. Okay, great, good. All right. So where are we? Do you remember where we are? Okay, so last week we actually finished the skills. We completed all the skills of counselling. Maybe before we start our next class I'll show you another graph just to how, you know, one leads into the other but we have completed the part of counselling skills. Now, unfortunately, like every other skill that we learn, you know, we can't just have textbook learning of a skill. If you want to garden, you just can't have textbook learning, you know, you have to go in and do it or if you learn cooking, by looking at a recipe you don't learn, you know, you have to cook. So similarly, counselling skills you have to counsel. Only then will you pick up those skills. So we've done the best we can to understand it. Now it is actually doing it. Okay, sorry? Fieldwork. Exactly, fieldwork. All right. The next couple of issues that we are going to be looking at is different challenges people may come with. All right. And how you as a counsellor needs to be aware of a lot of these challenges so that when they come to you, you have some understanding. Now these are very, very brief. We just touch and go on these topics. It's not a in-depth understanding. But nevertheless, if it really interests you, I would suggest, you know, do a little bit of reading and research to understand more about some of those topics. So today we're going to be looking at two topics. One is mental health and the other is issues in marriage and family. Okay, so it's a broad overview, but I think it'll help us really understand some things and how we as counsellors or people who are going to help in this field really need to work with those who may have these challenges. Okay. I'll just present my slides. Okay. Is it visible to everyone? Visible? Yeah. Okay. So we're going to be looking at mental health and something that before we get started with understanding about mental health, maybe just a little bit of a reflection for us to get in touch with the topic. Okay. So can you recall one positive emotion or feeling that you experienced? Anytime. What is one positive feeling or emotion that you experienced? Joy? Okay. What was happening at that time? What was happening? What was happening? It is a positive moment. What was happening that you felt happy? Yeah. Now I rejoice. So this is the happy moment. It's a happy moment because your brother gave you the mic. Okay. That's a happy moment. Okay. Annan, the joy. Yeah. Yeah. So what are some happy moments? Yeah. It was very difficult to get up in the morning when one day I got up early to pray. I was feeling so happy. You're feeling happy. Okay. Okay. Finishing assignments happy. Okay. So recall one negative emotion or negative feeling? Okay. So many. Yes. Say, Annan. It's an event. So how are you feeling? It's so sad. I'm angry. You're angry and sad because you haven't finished an assignment. Okay. Nikhil. Okay. So many experiences like about sadness about happy also. So many times so many things happened that like if in church also I am here. So in my church also if someone is calling and telling that is not going well. So that that things also I have to take care. Okay. Okay. So then someone calls you from your church and says something is going wrong. You feel upset. You feel sad. Okay. Happy. Happy. Yeah. Good things is happening. So I'll be happy. Okay. All right. Okay. So a lot part of mental health comes from a lot of our emotions, our thoughts, our feelings, our experiences. Okay. It's just to help you see reflect on the fact that maybe most of us sitting here have control or have a way to deal with our emotions or our thoughts. All right. But we're going to really look at a different side where people have mental health problems. So before I get into that, I'd like to bring about something called as the dimensions of wellness. How do you know or how do you evaluate that somebody has a good sense of mental well-being or well-being? And if you look at it, there are these eight areas. Okay. Physically, that is, you are physically well in your body, in your physical health. Intellectually, that you can think, you can study, you can engage in some something that keeps your intellect alive. Okay. Some kind of learning, some kind of development, like all of you all are doing a course. So your intellectual, you're doing something that really build your intellectual minds. Spiritual, right? This is part of the spirit where you're able to connect and have a walk with God, really grow spiritually. Emotional is in your feelings. Okay. How you're able to experience those emotions, whether you're able to control them social, that is, with other people, how your relationships are. Occupational, that is, if you are meaningfully doing something, it doesn't have to be only a job, but something that you're doing. It can be as part of, you can be a homemaker, but take care of your home, take care of children, take care of others. It doesn't have to specifically just be a job, but something that you're meaningfully occupied in. Financial is all that you have to do with money and environmental, your surroundings, how you're able to experience your surroundings. Maybe some people don't have a house, they're living out in the streets. Right? So all these, this is what you look at the dimensions of wellness. So when you are, you say that you are holistically well, when all of these areas are in an optimum functioning. Clear? All right. Francis, what happened? I'm happy. Okay. All right. So you are well, well. Okay. So when we look at certain, one minute. Okay. So there are certain factors that, if you look at those eight areas of wellness, they're broadly divided into biological factors, social factors, psychological factors. Okay. How do you know that a person is mentally strong or mentally well? There are certain conditions or factors that help our mental well-being. Okay. So a mental well-being is not the absence of disease. It's not that something is wrong with you. It's not the, just the absence of disease, but it is a feeling that all over, all around you are, you have a whole sense of wellness. Okay. So when you look at biological factors, there are some things in your biological self that can contribute to mental health issues, which is neurochemistry. Neurochemistry is the chemicals that are in our brain. Sometimes when that is not produced in optimum levels, people can have a mental mental illness. All right. Are you following me? Yeah. Genetic predisposition is there is maybe someone in the family has a mental health issue and it can be genetic. That is, it is passed on genetically. Mental health can come as a result of some side effects of medicines. All right. It can be as a result of somatic disorders. What is somatic disorders are bodily disorders or just complaints of pain, you know, head is paining, stomach is paining, legs are paining without any absolute physical cause. It can actually cause mental health issues. When you're looking at biological factors, how you eat and how you keep your body well with physical exercise also affects your mental health. Like for example, nutrition, if you don't have good vitamin D, what happens? You feel sad, right? You feel a lot more sad. It can be a factor for depression. So like that, if you're not eating properly with all the vitamins, it can cause some sense of mental health issues, physical exercise, right? Then substance abuse. If you are taking any kind of substances like alcohol, drugs or any form of substances that can affect your mental health. And lastly, developmental. That is, developmental is right from the time they are born as they're developing if there are certain issues there. And you must have seen autistic children who would have seen autism, yeah? Or you would have seen those who are mentally, they are challenged mentally, right? With an IQ that is challenged. So all of that comes under the developmental phase. So all of this are factors towards mental health, all right? Social, your religious beliefs can lead to some, to probably mental health issues. Like for example, religious beliefs, there may be some cultures who kind of believe that they have to appease their God, you know, they have to appease their God, if they have to appease their God, they have to do certain, maybe ritual certain things. So there are certain beliefs that come as a result of that. And as a result, until they do that, they don't feel a sense of peace or a sense of joy. Okay, so that it could, there could be religious beliefs that cause that or even culture, culture can affect mental health, interpersonal relationships, social support, gender identity, any kind of trauma that takes place, family issues, family background, environmental events, sexual orientation, disability, socioeconomic factor, all of this can have an effect on mental health. Is there any specific one that you want me to explain on? I'm just letting you know what affects mental health. Anything that you want me to talk about in that area? I mean, is it explanatory that all of this can cause mental health issues? Substance abuse is when you're taking something like alcohol, drugs, substance abuse, they're all called substances in a whole. Okay, all right. Psychological is more the way that they have personal identity, the way that they see themselves, the way that they, you know, it relates to their self-esteem. It relates to the kind of emotional health that some people may have in the way that they are able to experience different situations in their life and how it affects them emotionally. Coping skills, coping skills are basically, see all of us when there are some struggles that happen, when there is a crisis that happens, there are certain ways we cope. We may pray, we may talk to somebody, we may, you know, write it down in a journal or, you know, there are other things that we may do that's called coping. So that also all of this affects our psychological factors that can affect mental health. I mean, this is just, this is just an information, don't have to think too much of it. Okay, now I'm going to give you all some sentences and I want you to tell me if it is a fact or if it is a myth. You know what myth means, right? You tell me if it is a fact or a myth. Mental illnesses are untreatable. Myth, okay. Mental illnesses right now can be treated. It can be treated. There are very many ways that it can be treated, either through medication, also through counseling support, through psychological support, a lot of mental illnesses can be treated. Lack of willpower causes mental illness. Nina? Myth, okay. That's a myth, okay. So mental illness can affect anybody, all right. And it is basically not because you have that sense of will, okay, nothing is going to go wrong with me. It's not because of a lack of willpower. So it is a myth. It could be a reason for mental health also. No, no. People get depressed when they are unable to see what they want to do. Yeah, that's what I said. So people who have depression doesn't mean that they don't have a good willpower. It doesn't have to mean that. There are many factors that affect which I will come to that affect mental illness. And it doesn't, it's not only because you have a lack of willpower, right? You may be a very strong person, but you can have a mental illness, okay. Marriage can cure mental illness. Myth, okay. Marriage cannot cure mental illness. It, it not that it will make mental illness worse, but then it can, there can be a huge number of problems. Sorry? Added, yeah, there can be a huge, huge problems added. Okay. Mentally ill patients belong to hospitals. Myth, Francis. Myth, what is the, what is the one question I asked? Okay, all right. Okay. So, yeah, mentally ill people don't belong to, may need help in hospitals, but after that they can be integrated back into the, into their home or into their community. Okay. Mental health problems are only seen in illiterate or poor people. It's only seen in poor people. Even the, even, even the online students can, can join in please. They're only seen in, okay. It's a myth. It, okay. Anand is saying all of you can show by those emojis, either fact or not fact. Okay. Yeah. So mental health problems can affect anyone, whether they're educated, whether they are poor, whether they're rich, whether they're whatever place it can, it can affect. Okay. People with mental illness can never be productive or do normal work like normal people. Okay. Of someone who had a mental health problem. Yeah. It's a myth. And that's why it's important to get help as soon as possible. The faster someone gets help, the faster they can move back into a normal level of functioning. Okay. And so that's why it should be considered. Mental illness is unlike physical illness, the illness, illness is really all in the person's head. Maybe a fact. It's a myth. Okay. Okay. Okay. So it doesn't represent with like, like a physical illness that you can't see a hand is broken or a head this, you know, toes are broken, whatever it is not just in the so what does this statement actually mean is that means they're making it up. So are the people making it up? Okay, they're not making it up. They're not making it up. They are, it is a genuine difficulty that they have. Okay. Although you cannot see it manifested in the physical body. All right. Mentally people have weak characters since they can't cope with the world in the same way that the rest of us do. What about the online students? They're saying, okay, okay. All right. It's a, it's a myth. Yes. Okay. It's not because you have a weak character or a personality. And that because you can't cope. There are, there are very many conditions that this happens. Okay. Once a psychiatric patient always is a psychiatric patient myth. Right. Giving only myths. Okay. Children don't suffer from psychiatric illnesses. Myth. Yeah. Even children suffer equally from psychiatric illness. Mental health disorders are a result of bad parenting. A fact. It can be a contributing factor. It's not a cause. It's not a direct cause. Yeah. So it's one of, it can be one factor that brings about, but it is not a complete result. Many of us may be a result of bad parenting, but we're all it's a half fact, half myth. Okay. Mental illnesses are contagious. That is a little spread. It'll spread. It'll transmit to others. Okay. It's, it's a myth. Attempting suicide is a sign of cowardice. It's a myth. Okay. So it's a myth that attempting suicide is a sign of cowardice. Okay. It's a myth. It is, it's not a sign of cowardice. Okay. Mentally ill patients are violent and dangerous. So it depends on the, it depends on the condition that you, that you have. Right. So some can be violent, but not all patients are violent and dangerous. It depends on the kind of illness. Okay. So, so there again, it depends on what condition they have, which I will explain to you. Right. So not all people are violent. Yeah. What kind of a mental illness they have. Mentally ill means the person has a lack of faith. Okay. Yes. All right. Okay. Good. So the, the definition of mental health from the world health. You're here. I have a doubt. Yes. Tell me. So like, if one person have mental health, mental problem, we can do counseling or like, we need to, is there anything like we can like treat through counseling? So it really depends on the condition. There are some conditions that definitely require medical assistance and help. Okay. But there may be some that you can work with counseling. And there again, they're all case specific. That is, it's unique to every individual. So someone, you may find two people who come to you with depression. One may have severe depression with suicidal attempts or with significant death wishes. They need medical help. You may find someone also with depression, but it's a milder form. There are no death wishes, no suicidal attempts, but just a feeling of sadness and negative thoughts. We can try helping them with counseling. All right. So it depends on a, it's very case specific. You can't say, this, all these kind of illnesses you can deal with counseling and these with medicines. Okay. All right. So the World Health Organization is what is, what about this definition? Mental health is a state of well-being in which a person understands their own abilities, also can figure out or cope with the general stress of life, also can be productive and fruitful and can make a contribution to their community. So you need to have these different factors. It's a state of well-being. They are able to know their abilities. They're able to cope with the general stress of life. They can work and they can make a contribution to their community. Okay. Just some quick facts or quick understanding about mental health disorders. Like we said, it can affect anyone, men, women, children, poor, rich. It's very common. In fact, the statistics may be even lesser now. One in four people would have some form of a mental health issue. Yeah. So there are eight of us here. Maybe two of us can have mental health issues here. Okay. So it's, they don't look very different from others. You cannot make out just by looking at them at all times that someone has a mental health disorder. It can range from common to severe. So it may be something like anxiety or it can be something that is more severe like schizophrenia or I'll tell you what those are or like a mood disorder, bipolar disorders. That's a trait. That's a personality trait. That's not a mental health issue. It's a personality trait. Okay. But those factors make you more vulnerable for a mental health issue when you're too pessimistic. Yeah. It keeps maybe they get into anxiety or panic or depression. It's like open doors, you said. That's right. Okay. Mental disorder is more than just stress. It's not just feeling stressed that you become mentally ill. It can be either brief or it can be long term. So there are some people who may have it for brief episodes or it can be long winding, long standing. It affects the quality of life. That is, it affects their work. It affects relationships. It affects their functionality. It can really bring down the productivity of a person. That's what we mean by quality of life. They're not able to be productive. It can have stress on the entire family. When someone is mentally ill, it can really cause a significant struggle in the rest of the family. But there are effective forms of treatment. There are many treatment factors. Okay, clear. Any questions from the from the online students? Okay. Now, what can a mentally healthy person do? A mentally healthy person can, sorry, yeah, is able to have good thought patterns, right? When we mean good thought pattern doesn't mean that always they're thinking well. But it is a, it's one way in which they are able to really, whatever stress or whatever issue may come about, they can kind of think clearly. They're able to process clearly. They can build strong relationships. A mentally healthy person can have strong healthy relationships. A mentally healthy person can cope with normal stress of life, whether it be a job, whether it be marriage, whether it be children, whether it be pressure at studies, these are normal stressors of life. And they can contribute and do something in their community. So this is what you will call a mentally healthy person. Someone who thinks clearly, who's able to have good relationships with other people who can cope with stress and who can have a contribution in their regular, in their community. Okay. Next, what are the signs of, oh, this is not very clear. Okay. What are the signs of mental wellness? Okay. The signs of mental wellness is number one. How satisfied? Okay. So I think before we look at that, your mental health actually influences three areas. How you think, how you feel, and how you behave. Right? Your mental health influences how you think, how you feel, and how you behave. All right. Strong mental health, like I said, strong mental health is just not the how you think, how you feel, and how you behave. Okay. Now mental health is, like I said, is not just the absence of mental health problems. Being mentally or emotionally, emotionally healthy is much more than being free of depression or anxiety. It is the presence of positive characteristics. Okay. That are helpful. That's what makes people healthy. The presence of positive characteristics. And this is what it is. One is a sense of contentment. That is, you're satisfied with who you are. For example, if you're very dissatisfied with the way that you look, right, or you're very dissatisfied with the way that that your life is. What happens? There can be a lot of worry. It can be a lot of, you know, you're harboring a lot of anger or a lot of resentment. Right? So just having a sense of contentment with who you are. So just being satisfied with who you are. Okay. It also is where you have, what can I choose here? Where you're engaging with meaningful activity. That you're doing something with your time, rather than sitting at home in the bed sleeping all the time. But you're engaging with something meaningful. Maybe you're studying, you're working, you're meeting friends, you're doing a project, all of that is helpful. A sense of connection with others. If you're able to relate well with people, it brings about a good mental health, right? Imagine if you're fighting all the time with somebody. You kind of say something is wrong with that person, you know, that they don't, they're not able to connect very well with someone. There's something unstable about them. Yes. So being introverted is a, is a different thing, rather than not being able to establish a relationship at all. Even if they're able to connect with a few people, that's fine. You don't have to connect with everyone everywhere, but always having a struggle with people, you know, with authority, with friends, with peers, with family. That shows a difficulty that it's, it's not a positive characteristic for mental health, okay? Because it can, it can cause significant sense of, what do you say, isolation. When you're isolated from others, it really affects your mental health, doesn't it? What happened? Okay, all right. Okay, now don't look at one and say, I'm not mentally well. That's not the idea here. What we're looking at is a good factors that make, so if you find, and I'm not saying that all nine of us, all nine traits that I hear each of us will have, we won't. There will be two, three missing. But the idea is to find a way to really work with those areas, okay? Then a sense of self-control. Do I have self-control about my eating, about my spending, you know, okay? About my substances, about, or drugs or smoking or alcohol, is there a sense of control? Watching TV, phones, is there a sense of control? So, so think about it. What happens if you're watching too much of, yeah, you're on social media all the time. What happens? Headache, okay. Mental health, mental mental health, tell me. In the perspective of mental health, tell me. Yeah, you feel stressed one because you're seeing so many things, right? When you're looking at Instagram, you're seeing so many reels that, that is physical. I'm talking about mental health. Yeah, you will be addicted. Nina said you will be isolated from everyone else. You will begin to compare yourself with what you're seeing over there. You're not being productive, right? So you can get depressed. So you see that? So a sense of when there's no control, what happened? That, that, yes, you're communicating with people, but too much of that can, can keep you away from actually meeting people face to face. And then you find it odd to see people face to face and discuss something. Everything is done through the, through online, because there's no face to face interaction there, right? So sense of self control. Next is forgiving others. If you have a unforgiveness, what happens? Anger, irritation, bitterness, and that will breed contempt inside of you, right? You will become an angry person, right? And you're not tolerant, you're not patient with others. Okay, so these are all characteristics of what you say of mental health. Optimism and hope, always looking forward with optimism and saying that, okay, things will get better. Have a hope about whatever situation there is. Tolerance, being tolerant with other people with, with things that don't go your way, right? Having tolerance, gratefulness, being able to say have Thanksgiving and saying, you know, with whatever I have, I'm grateful for or a sense of humor. Now, these are all just signs of good mental health. So someone who, who has this shows a lot of confidence and self-esteem. Francis, what happened? I'm worried of the way that you're looking. What happened? You also don't know what happened. Okay. All right. Let's move on. Okay. Okay. So, like I said, what's a mental illness, a mental health condition affects the way a person thinks, a person feels, and the way a person behaves. And it can have, that is what can have a negative effect on the, on the person. All right. Now, what are some symptoms of mental illness? And these are the, and these are some things that you may need to know to recognize some signs. So they may manifest in very different ways, and they can have an impact on others very, very uniquely. All right. But there are some common signs of mental health disorders that we can watch out for. So the first is illogical thinking. The way a person thinks is very illogical. Like they may, and this is what, you know, some of the, some of the thoughts that they may have, not all, again, this depends on the kind of illness. They may feel that people are watching them, or people are talking about them, or people are trying to kill them. So they have very, very bizarre illogical thoughts. Yeah. Yeah. So those are illogical. It's, it doesn't have any rational behind it. Okay. There can be nervousness or high anxiety for everything. They're very, very nervous and extreme anxiety. Yeah. So it depends on what kind of illogical thinking you have, right? If it is something like this, like I said, the fear, the surety that everyone is talking about him. Okay. So it can be because of two things. It can be because of social anxiety also, or it can be because of a mental health issue, severe mental health illness. But nevertheless, it's a, it's a fact of mental not, not being completely well, right? It is a factor. Nervousness or high anxiety, that can be a cause of a symptom of mental illness, a loss of desire. There's no energy, there's no interest in doing anything. There's a loss of drive. You know, there is just, the person doesn't feel like doing anything can be a symptom of mental health, mental illness. There's a decline in school, in work, in whatever they're doing. They're not functioning as well. Or mood shift, major mood shift. Sometimes they're very happy. Sometimes they're extremely sad. That can be another symptom. Withdrawal from interests, relationships, social responsibilities. They don't want to do anything, not talk to people, go to class, go to work, take responsibility in their lives, nothing. Tightened sensitivity. So even small things can make them feel very, very sensitive, maybe angry, maybe sad, any of that. Changes in sleep or appetite or problems thinking clearly or co-gently. That is not being able to think well. What are some warning signs of mental illness? And this is important to know because some of the times, we may see one or two of these symptoms, it's important to observe and see what there is. So one is feeling very sad or withdrawn for more than two weeks straight. It is a sign of probable depression. Prying to harm or end one's life or making some plans to do that. The third is having risk-taking behavior that causes harm to self or others. Like maybe they're in the car and they're driving rashly. They cause harm not just to themselves but also to others. Sudden fear for no reason. Sometimes with a racing heart, a physical discomfort or breathing. So these are all, it's just fear that just takes on something like a grip that's there. Significant weight loss or gain. Seeing, hearing or believing things that aren't real. So they may tell you that there are people outside waiting for me when there isn't anyone or they're able to hear certain voices when there aren't actual people around. Excessive use of alcohol or drugs, severe changes in mood, difficulty in concentrating and significant worries that get in the way of daily activities. Okay, okay. Now there are different types of mental health disorders and I'm not going to get into the, to each of them but I just need to let you know what are some of these disorders that really need significant help. Okay, mood disorders. Those are mood disorders is either depression or what we call as mania. Okay, this requires absolute help. Anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorders are something that happens after a, like a huge calamity, like maybe after an earthquake or after a flood or after a major accident. After some trauma, they go through something called as a post-traumatic stress disorder. There can be psychotic disorders. Psychotic disorders are those where you see, hear and the person is not in this reality. They are in another reality. They are living in another kind of a world in their mind but for them it is very, very real. All right and there are, yes, addiction disorders. So you should remember that alcoholism is also a mental health disorder. Okay or even drugs. Someone taking drugs or someone taking alcohols is a mental health disorder and yeah, there are eating disorders. There are personality disorders. These are all the different types of somatic disorders are those who, who keep talking about pain in the body but there is no physical evidence of why they should have the pain. No, they're not making it up. Okay. It's, it's a result of some kind of a stress that's built up that it becomes more internalized. It's not that they're making it up but there is no evidence of any kind of a physical contribution or a physical source. So they keep going to hospitals over and over and over and over again because every doctor will say, no, they may be experiencing physical pain. They may experience physical pain but it is more psychological. It's not physical. It's psychological. Yeah. There is nothing to show that but it's a more psychological thing. It's like this. When you have, let's say, you're very tensed about something. Do you begin to get a headache? Yeah. Why? So it's a psychological effect. It's not that you have a migraine or you have a tumor in your head. It's a psychological effect. So psychological effect can also bring about these kinds of pains and aches. Okay. All right. Now, mental health conditions are usually as a continuum. Okay. So usually they, not all mental health conditions will go from stage one to stage four. Okay. Some will be at stage one. Some would be at stage two, three. So it really depends but then it is always a continuum. So stage one are those that have very mild symptoms and warning signs. Very, very mild. Stage two are those that increase, these symptoms will increase in frequency and it will become severe that it will begin to affect certain life activities and or certain responsibilities that they're having. Stage three is where there are significant episodes and there is a huge disruption in their life activities and stage four is that it is very persistent and severe that they're not able to do anything absolutely. So we could, we can be in different stages. It doesn't mean every illness will move from stage one to stage four but it can be presented in any of the stages. So it's a continuum basically. Okay. So one of the, a very important thing about mental health is what we call as stigma. Do you know what the meaning of stigma is? Okay. Stigma is when you ostracize or when you keep aside people saying that there is a problem like this. Like untouchables. You know what untouchables are? You won't go near them because they're untouchable. All right. So similarly stigma also means it's a social sense of a, what do you say? You're keeping people away because of something that they have. That's what is called a stigma. So a lot of times, you know, when maybe in villages you may have seen if someone is mentally ill, no one will really go near the person or do anything to help or support and say, yeah, he's crack. He's crazy. He's mad. Right. So that's what you call a stigma when you don't associate or bring them alongside with normal phases of living. Okay. Okay. So how do we reduce stigma? How can we not show any kind of a discrimination of people who have mental health illness? Show compassion and love. Encourage equality. That is between physical and mental illness. Never think that physical illness is greater than mental illness. Right. Physical ill is somebody being physically ill. Mental ill is somebody being mentally ill. Mentally ill. So each need the equal support and help. Educate yourself and others about mental health. Learn more about what mental health issues are. Okay. Do not stereotype or label people with mental health. Oh, that one, that one who has depression. So don't label them as people with the disorder or that one who has, who keeps talking to himself. Right. So do not label. Choose, you know, empower more than shaming. Be respectful when you talk about people or with mental health or even talk about mental health. Be a positive role model and take time to openly discuss about mental health. Okay. How do you support those with mental health issues? One thing that you can do is encourage them to get help. So take them to a hospital, take them to a mental health professional to get help. That's the first thing you can do. Then offer to go with them for help and support. Okay. Help them make an appointment with someone with a mental health professional. Get them access to services. Like for example, for those who have alcohol addiction, there are groups of people who work together to deal with alcohol addiction. Encourage them to exercise, eat a healthy diet. Encourage them to spend time with their friends and family and of course also ensure that you can also help them keep praying for them and helping them. Okay. Yeah. So this is just a quick overview. If you're more interested, please go back and do some reading on it. Okay. It's just, it's a touch and go. All of these topics are just touch and go that you know that you may have people who come with mental health issues and how you as an individual or as church can really function. So even as a church, we should be able to support people with mental health issues. Okay. All right. Any questions? Okay. No questions at all. So we shall stop for a break and come back at 11-1. Okay.