 Okay, so this one asks to draw the major product for the following radical reaction. I guess we can start there, but I'd also like to do the mechanism for this reaction, okay? So what is the major product? Can anybody tell me? Where should the bromine go? On the tertiary carbon. Here? The tertiary carbon, right? Okay. Why the tertiary carbon? It has the most substituted... Yeah, very good. It's the most substituted, and it has... But there's a more substituted there, but that one doesn't have a hydrogen on it, right? So there's a quaternary over here, but it doesn't have a hydrogen to substitute for that bromine, so we got to go to the tertiary, okay? So that's the major product. So everybody's pretty cool with that. Did everybody get that kind? Okay. So how do we do the mechanism from one to the other? That's one thing that we're having trouble with, okay? And how and why do these things happen? Okay, so let's try that. So what I'm going to do here is erase that... I'll just keep this up here for right now just to keep in mind where we're going. And of course, remember, this isn't the only product. This is just the major product, okay? So I'm just going to show the mechanism to the major product, okay? Is everybody okay with that? Yeah, okay, whatever. So I'll erase this, and we'll start from there, but we'll start over here. So remember, the mechanism is just showing you exactly how the electrons move to go from one thing to another, okay? The other thing that's really hard for students to understand is that when you do a reaction in the lab, there's not just one molecule that's performing that reaction. It's multiple molecules, okay? So molecules are starting and stopping mechanisms at, you know, different times. So some of them are doing an initiation step. Some of them are doing a propagation step. Some of them are doing a termination step, okay? They don't always have to be going down the road consecutively, okay? So let's just look. This is the first step. So in the mechanisms, oftentimes you're not shown the electrons, okay? So you're going to have to know where those electrons are. So whenever heteroatom is shown, write those electrons down, okay? So what's the first step? When I shine light on bromine, what's going to happen? Uh-huh. Bond homolysis, we call that, okay? So we're going to show what kind of arrows. The fish hook arrows, yeah. So one's going to go to one bromine and one's going to go to the other bromine, like that. Is everybody okay with that? That's called an initiation step, okay? Once that initiation happens, right, do we only put one bromine molecule in there? No, we put billions, right? So you think there's only one bromine molecule doing an initiation step right now? No, there's many of them, okay, many of them. So it doesn't necessarily mean that it's this bromine molecule that's reacting in the next step, okay? But we do need a bromine molecule to react in the next step, or the bromine atom to be reacting in the next step. So we're going to show one, okay? Okay, so that bromine atom could have come from somewhere else, right? Not necessarily this one that we're showing, but another reaction that we didn't show that looks exactly like this reaction, okay? So I'm going to show that bromine, and it's a bromine atom, so I show the dot there, show big dot, because I want to emphasize that that's a radical when it's going to do a radical reaction, okay? So I guess I should show this, where everybody is like, where are his bromines? Like that, okay? So that's the initiation. Can I erase that initiation step? Is everybody okay with that? Is it okay? We'll erase it? Okay, so I got this bromine now from someone, okay? So I'm going to make a radical somewhere on this molecule. If I look at the product, I can tell where that's going to be. Okay, do you guys understand? Okay, so where is the radical that I'm going to be making on this molecule going to be? On that tertiary carbon, okay? So on that tertiary carbon, here, what do I have? Hydrogen. So when I make that radical, what must happen to that hydrogen? What must be happening to the hydrogen? It's got to be removed, right? It's got to be removed. So in other words, what are we talking about? Let's draw the product of what we're talking about so we can kind of go backwards and figure out what the mechanism will be, okay? So the product that we're talking about for this step, now it's not the final product, it's just this product for this step. It looks like that. Am I correct? Is that what you want? That's what you want, right? And then there's another product here, a non-organic product. What else is in it? HBR. The HBR. You should really write your bomb there. I know we like to get lazy, or oftentimes the book doesn't show us that bomb, but it's good for us to remember that the bond is there. Okay? So what must have happened? This bond had to be what? Broken. Broken, right? With one of its electrons left there. How many electrons are in a bond again? Two. Two, right? So one of its electrons went there and the other one went where? To that bond there, right? Okay? And the other electron in that bond is here. Okay? So what's that? Everybody show it, right? So what are we going to do? Like that? Okay. And then there's another arrow, right? Like that. And it's okay that I pointed the arrow there and put the radical there. If everybody wants to, we can put it there. Yes. So when you do the phishing arrows, you kind of point them into each other. Yeah, because they're forming a bond, right? They're coming together in between those two atoms to form a bond. Think about it that way, okay? So is this the final product here? Is this thing equivalent to this thing? No. No. So we got to do some more steps, right? So how can we get from here to here? What might we be able to do? I'm erasing that HBR because it's no longer useful. We're not using that anymore. What else could we put in that reaction? Show in that reaction? BR2. BR2, right? BR2. Why could we show another one? I thought we already showed that reacting. Could I have it at the end with the... There's billions of them, right? There are billions of them. So is it okay if I write another one of them? Yeah, it's okay. So that's what I'm going to do. So do you see where it came from? Just remember, there's billions of them in here. Okay? It's okay. It's a tough concept to grasp, especially when we're first doing this. Okay? So how do I go from here to here? Another propagation step, right? Because a propagation step is a radical reacting with a non-radical. Isn't that the case about a propagation step? Or am I... Excuse me. Say it okay. Well, it is. Okay? So an initiation step is zero radicals to make how many radicals? Two. Thank you. Those of us who wrote this down. Okay? What about the propagation step? It's one radical to make another radical, right? Okay? So this is a propagation step. One radical, not a radical. Okay? We're going to make another radical over here, too. It's not shown yet. So should we do it? What kind of arrows are we going to make? Anybody show me an arrow? No full arrows. No full arrows. Never. Okay? Fisher's arrow. Fisher's arrow. Where? On the bottom. From where? To the... This thing? This thing? Yeah. To the right. And we want to break the problem. Okay? This is the way I would do it, since everybody's struggling. Okay? This way. But because of that thing there. Okay? So, when I do that, do I make this? Yes. Am I making anything else with that? So remember, this is a mechanism. We have to show everything in the mechanism. Okay? There's a BR. There's still a BR. Right? And how many electrons does it have around it? Seven. Seven. Seven. Seven. So what kind of...what do we call this kind of particle? Radical. A radical. So what could it go do? A roving. Another radical. It could propagate, right? It could propagate another stuff. Or if it found another radical, what could it do? Terminate. Terminate, right? Why don't we put another radical in there? Okay? We'll show...so we've already made the product. But we'll show a different way to make the same product. We'll put two radicals together and make them terminate. Okay? So I also want to show these electrons for you. So what radical could I put in there to make it terminate to that thing? That same radical. Very good, Vanira, right? Very good. It's that same radical. So when I do that, that's two radicals, right? Could I have this one radical and this radical here, both in the solution at the same time? Yes. Why? Because there are millions of them. Okay? You've got to get that into your head, okay? So you can all be doing different things. So what happens when I have two radicals that come together, termination set, how am I going to show that? Fish hook. Fish hook and where are they going to meet? In the middle. Yep, in the middle. Like that. And what do I get? Same product. Okay? That's called the termination step. So this was termination. This is propagation. What kind of step is this one? Propagation. Propagation, right? So you can have a lot of them. Okay? And the initiation step I took away or I erased. Yes? Why? I don't understand. Why is that one propagation? You end up with the same result. Would that not be termination? Well, so remember. We didn't write that. We also have that one too. Okay? Yeah, it produces another radical. Yeah, you're absolutely right. But it's a propagation step, remember. And you're going to have a radical, you're going to end up with a different radical. So that's a good kind of rule of thumb to all of us. And you're absolutely right to question why that radical wasn't there. It's because I was being lazy and I actually wrote it here and used it in a different step. Okay? But that's also a good way to think, is that that radical that we just made doesn't have to be used in that next step, right? It could go on and do something else. Okay? Any other questions? Okay, wonderful.