 How does fair use support the distribution of research output? Fair use enables, in fact, the reproducibility of science. Fair use allows researchers to examine, consider, and in many ways integrate the research output on subject that came before current scientific research that's ongoing, integrate it, and then produce a new. Developments are reported, not because they're developments in isolation, but because they're developments in context. And that, in fact, is a necessary element of fact-based research output that is, in fact, reproducible, which is a foundation of the scientific research that takes place. And when their use is inhibited, when terms and conditions of licensing agreements come into play, the ability for us to continue the contextualization of research output is also inhibited. And what can be, in fact, not only distributed or viewed by the existing scientific community, but in fact integrated and used in a productive, useful way becomes a real issue. This is true whether it's data, and it's true whether it's findings, it's true whether it's methodology, and it's true even in the case of survey questions, for example, in the public health space. All of these types of aggregations of factual information are potentially copyright protected. And without fair use, the ability of the scientific community to reuse is in fact very much inhibited.