 فشرف بل اشتغالي بالعلم ولا تبغي به ما عشت يا دا دا دا لا وياله من شراف عظيم الحمد لله يا رب العالمين له الحمد الحسن والتلاق الجميل وشدوى الله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له يقول الحق وهو يهد السبيل وشدوى النسيدنا ونبينا محمد صلى الله عليه وعليه وعلى آله وأصحابه والتابعين لهم بإحسان إلى يوم الدين أما بعد الله سبحانه وتعالى يقول كرام برره نوبل ومجمول الله سبحانه وتعالى يتحدث عن المجمولين كذلك إنهم نوبل ومجمولين هؤلاء هؤلاء هؤلاء هؤلاء ومجمولين هؤلاء They are of high level in the eyes of Allah سبحانه وتعالى الله سبحانه وتعالى He mentions in another ayah لا يعصون الله ما أمرهم They do not disobey Allah in that which He commands them ويفعلون and they do ما يؤمرون what they are commanded The angels, they don't disobey Allah They obey Him in every single thing which He commands them وهم أيضا يتبعون بهم. و لذلك إبنو كثير رحمه الله. في المساعدة المساعدة كانت تقول شيء جميلة. شيء من طالب العلم. لذلك المساعدة الإبنو كثير قرآن يدعى على نصب عيني. يدعى right in front of him. وهذا هو يقول ومن هنا ينبغي لحمل القرآن. إبنو كثير قرآن. و this is upon every person who is carrying the Qur'an, who is memorizing the Qur'an, who has got the Qur'an with him. و يكون في أفعاله that he is in his actions. و أقواله and in his speech. على السداد والرشاد. That he is upon guidance and he is upon the path that is required from him. The reason is because these angels الله سبحانه وتعالى. What did Allah make them? We mentioned this previously. They are Safarah meaning they are ambassadors. They are conveyors on behalf of Allah سبحانه وتعالى. The revelation has been given to them. And we know and insha'Allah وتعالى we are going to be taken in more details of Surah العام. That Allah سبحانه وتعالى. Which angel did Allah سبحانه وتعالى make his job to convey the revelation. Who's job is it? جيبريد. Does جيبريد come by himself? No. He comes with other angels that are with him. جيبريد is not by himself when he comes. He's got other angels that are with him. We're going to take that in Surah العام بإذن الله الكريم. So those angels that are carrying the Qur'an الله what did he refer to them as? كرامل. So the person who's carrying the Qur'an, who the Qur'an has been given to him like that. He should have that characteristic. Obedient to Allah سبحانه وتعالى. That he is a true slave of Allah سبحانه وتعالى. Allah says قتل الإنسان ما أكفره. قتل الإنسان ما أكفره. كاست إزمان. How disbelieving is he? Allah says قتل الإنسان. What does the word قتل الإنسان mean? It means لعينا الإنسان. لعينا. قتل means لعينا. ولذلك مجاهد يبنو جبرل. The great Imam. مجاهد يبنو جبرل. He's the steward of who? ابن عباس. He's the man who sat with him. He said عرط المصحف على ابن عباس. He said open the مصحف in front of ابن عباس. ثلاث عرضات. Three times from beginning to ending. وقفوا عند كل آية. Every آية I ask him. What does this mean? ثلاث عرضات. Three times from beginning to ending. ثلاث عرضات. The whole Qur'an I asked him. ثلاث عرضات. Three times from beginning to ending. مجاهد right? So what has he got? سفيل. That's why Sufiana told me you said إذا جاءك تفسير مجاهد فحسبك به. If the تفسير of مجاهد comes to you, it's enough. Don't ask for more. تفسير of مجاهد. If it comes to you فحسبك به it's enough for you of what مجاهد says. Don't you agree with me? مجاهد said that من طريق السليمان الأعمال ما كان في القرآن. Wherever you find in the قرآن. The word الإنسان is being used. Like this one. Allah has done this to the human. الله has قتل الإنسان. Oh فعلا بالإنسان. Oh this has been done to mankind. If you ever see Allah saying كس is mankind or الله saying this has been done to mankind or the wrath of Allah. Be upon mankind. If you hear that one. Mankind. الإنسان مجاهد said remember that it's not meant by all of mankind. It's specifically meant by who? The كفار. It's meant by who? The كفار. This is a قاعد adab. It's a principle. What's this called again? It's a comprehensive principle you memorize. That's what he said. وليذالك أطاه المعاشور. The great Imam. The great مفصر. He took that مجاهد statement and he said الغالب في إطراق لفضل الإنسان في القرآن نازل بمكان. The majority of the times when the word الإنسان is used in a صورة. That's a مكان صورة. So if the word الإنسان is used in a مكان صورة. Majority of the times he said it means the كفار. Such as when Allah said إن الإنسان that verily mankind لا يطغى. He transgresses and exceeds his limits. Or when الله says اي حسب الإنسان يطرق سودة. Does he believe mankind that he would be left without no aim or purpose behind him? Or when Allah said اي حسب الإنسان ألا نجمع عظامة. Does mankind believe that we will not bring his bones together and bring him back to life? So this word مان كائن. That's been used in these verses. What did طاهر بن عاشور say? All of these verses are مكان. It means what? كفار of ريش. The كفار specifically. So here when we say إن الإنسان is man, you put in brackets the disbelievers. ما أكفره. How disbelieving is he? The word here that's been used الله says قوتي للإنسان ما أكفره. Allah used the word ما. The scholars they differed by what's meant by the word ما. What's meant by it? One view of the مفصرين they said that ما here that's been used is a ما which is استفامية. It's a question. Why are they disbelieving in الله سبحانه وتعالى? What's taking what's making them disbelieve in الله? It's a question. It's a استفامي question. Another view of scholars is that it is not استفامية that it is what التعجبية. It's تعجبية meaning fascinating and amazing is that mankind disbelieves. Why would he disbelieve for? This why this is تعجب. Amazing. What gives him the right to be disbelieving? When everything is been given to him and he's been nurtured and he's been taken care of and everything is been done for him and he's been bought into this world by Allah. Why is he disbelieving? This is تعجب. And that second of opinion which is that it is تعجبية is more stronger. Is more stronger. Especially the fact that that has an أبلغو. It is more stronger in terms of اسلوب in terms of speech. But again this is not a خلاف which is that the two views can't be bought together. It's a خلاف which is تنور. It's a خلاف that both of them can work together and the reason why is because the word ما is اشتراك لفلغوي. The word ما can use on any of those ميلي. It can take any of those ميلي and nothing is refusing it from each one. But what's more stronger is to use it as تعجبية. قوتي للإنسان. كاست is man kind. ما أكفره. ما أكفره. How disbelieving is he? الله they say من أي شيء خلقه from what substance did he create him? الله says من أي شيء from what substance did he الله سبحانه وتعالى create him from? This now is a question. And this is استفام here. This questioning is على سبيل تقرير. A matter is being affirmed here. Sometimes a question might be asked in the Quran but the Quran is not waiting for you to give the answer. No it's not. The Quran the question itself holds the answer. This is called in Arabic استفهم على سبيل تقرير. It's called questioning with the answer inside the question. And that is in this particular situation is من أي شيء خلقه. What is the original thing which الله سبحانه وتعالى created him? So he can become sufficed from إيمان or believing in his Lord and give presidents to disbelief. In other words what is he made of that makes him feel sufficient and not in need of believing in his Lord? The answer here is already in the question which is he's made from something that makes him in need of his Lord. So why is he disbelieving in his Lord? Why is he? Disbelieving in his Lord? Every one of us is in need of الله سبحانه وتعالى and the fact that you need Allah if one split second you are told you're not going to breathe or you are told to pay for every single time that you breathe many of us will not live and those who did live for a while will only live because they would have to find money that they would have to rob from others to live when Allah gave you everything that you have and look الله gave you all of that not because he knows الله gave you all of that and when he gave it to you humans give you things they sometimes say I gave you this but when they do give it to you they give it with the motive behind behind it which is that they might get something from you in return or even better or they might get some respect from you or or or Allah gives it to some who don't ever obey him who disobey him who never come who never come and what he gives you is far greater than whatever response you come with whatever good you come with is never equivalent to what he gave you سبحانه وتعالى just before I came to the tafsir class today I was yesterday last night yesterday I was watching a video and then I went there was a recommended video and the recommended video on YouTube I pressed it it was the man who lost his ear and so they were making a a prostate ear they were making an ear for him سبحان الله the process in how they were making it the way they had to shape his ear the way they had to carve it then they had to color it in and then they had to put it into an oven and they come and then shape it again and they compare it to his complexion all of that Allah did it with what could try to call and then once he was done and then once he was put on his ear and then it was shown there was so much deficiency in it the two ears were not the same you could see there's a difference and again his hearing is still weaker on the one that they gave him يا أخي oh it really made me realize that نعم الله has given us the blessings of Allah is far greater if a person came up to you today and said to you this one finger that you have I'll give you 100,000 for it would you give it to no 200,300,400 a million 2,000,000 just your finger you would say no 1,000,000 you say no so you believe that your finger is worth more than 1,000,000 now to you it's worth more than that who gave you this for no price with it الله سبحانه وتعالى then the one who gave you all of this and the one who made you even once he's given it to you that this body still needs him it's not like once he gave it to you you're not in need of him this will not work لحظة split second without his permission it won't work so you're still in need of him even though he's given it to you so that slave that is in need of him like that what makes him think that he shouldn't be in obedient to his lord and believe in his lord that's what Allah is asking us here من أي شيء انخلقه استفامل على سبيل تقرير what is the أصل that Allah created this person حتى يستغلي علي إيماني بربه that he fulfills to himself that he suffice in believing in his lord and that he should come with disbelief what is it that's in him now as Allah is going to tell us what he made you from and then now you're going to know your weight your worth and what you really are from if you walk on this earth thinking you're arrogant and that you're everything and that your voice and your statement has to be taken into consideration and you need to get respect then listen what you originally made from Allah says من رطفت خلقه فقده from a sperm drop Allah says He created him and he destined for him mankind من رطفته Allah created you from a sperm drop سبحانه وتعالى this is the أصل الإنسان the original source that a human being comes from and your منشة it's originally where you're from مائل قليل ووتا that's little that the person doesn't want it to be in him that's what you're from and then what does Allah سبحانه وتعالى he destined he destined for you to go through procedures he destined for you سبحانه وتعالى to go through levels and stages in your mother you go through phases this happens and then this happens and then your body parts come out and then this happens and then he done it all وقدرة he سبحانه وتعالى he destined for you stages then you come out of the womb of your mother and you come into this world and then what you're lying down on your back you don't sleep on your two sides you only live on your mother's milk you don't eat food and then you start taking a bit of powder and then after that you start eating soft food and then you start walking you start moving on your knees and your hand and then you start crawling and then you start walking and then you start running and then you go back to what you were before you get older you sit down you go on a wheelchair and that's what your cycle is he destined all of that for you سبحانه وتعالى and he's the one who put you through it سبحانه وتعالى من نطفة خلاقه الله says I created you from a sperm drop and destined for you سبحانه وتعالى the scholars the Mufassireen what is meant by مفقدرة I only told you one view of what the scholars said one view is of course the stages that the person goes through نطفة and then علقة and then the person's bones come and then etc and then when the person grows and the person gets older that's one another view says فقدرة it means that الله destined for you your provision what you're going to eat he also destined for you whether you're going to be from the people of Jannah or whether you're going to be from the people of the Hellfire they said this is what's meant by it but what we will say is the ayah is Aam the ayah is general and it means all of that because the famous حديث is احدكم يجمعوا قلقوا في بطن أمه 40 يوم نطفة ثم يقول علقة مثل دالك ثم يقول مضغة مثل دالك ثم يرسلوا إليه ملك فيوفقوا في الروح ويؤمروا ب4 كلمات بكتب رسقيه وأجانه وعملي شقيه وصعين the person does go through those stages and also when the angel comes he also writes down the stages that you're going to go through and he also writes your provision and he also writes where you're going to finally go ثم الله سبحانه وتعالى he says ثم السبيل يسرع then he eased the way for him ثم السبيل يسرع and then الله سبحانه وتعالى he has made for you the path easy the Mufassireed the Salafu Hadir أمه the scholars of Tafseer they asked themselves they said what is meant by As-Sabeen the way what way is it what way does it mean ثم السبيل يسرع he eased the way for us what way is it that he eased for us they took two opinions they took two opinions of what is meant by the word As-Sabeen the first is the coming out of طريق خروج من بطل أمه the womb of your mother الله سبحانه وتعالى he made it easy سبحانه وتعالى this is the view of who this is the view of عبد الله عباس أمي صالح سدي قتادة سعيد المجبين and this view is more in line of the context because what was just mentioned is spam drop was mentioned then to سبيل it's more befitting that is talking about coming out of the womb of your mother but the second view is ثم السبيل يسرع that the word السبيل here means طريق الحق والباطن الله he made easy the path to the truth he made it easy سبحانه وتعالى ثم السبيل يسرع الله made the truth easy سبحانه وتعالى and the ayah that they use for that is إِنَّا هَدَيْنَاهُ السَّبِيلَ إِمَّا شَاكِرًا وَإِمَّا كَفُورًا that Allah says إِنَّا هَدَيْنَاهُ we guided mankind on the path إِمَّا شَاكِرًا some of them have gratitude and some of them are disbelievers this view is attributed to مجاهد إبنو جبرين حسن البصري and إبنو زيد that they said here it means the true path now some may ask if the true path الله has made it easy then why is it that we find a group of people who are who are diverted from that path if the path is clear and Allah has made it easy سبحانه وتعالى the scholars they mentioned there are three things there are three things that get in the way of the person following that path and the person submitting to that path and that is الجهل and ignorance and the second is ورمو which is exceeding your limits and oppression and last but not least سوق قصد when the person has a bad motive and a bad intention these three are the three main reasons why a person will go against the truth and will follow a deviated path whether it be deviation in the religion or even if it's deviation in worldly matters a person will fall short in following the truth because of one of these three and as we all know the truth that Allah has guided us with is the fitrah the أصل is the fitrah brothers and sisters the fitrah has two components that are very strong the first one is محبة الحق وإرادة الحق is very beloved to the fitrah الله has placed in us something called the fitrah which is a natural disposition the truth is very beloved to us and it's something our body and our minds and our soul yearns for we love it we desire it we want it when the person sins have you not seen it they feel uncomfortable that's why they cry they become emotional that's why the prophet said وَالِإِتْمُ مَا حَكَفْ لِصَدْرِكِ وَكَرِهْتَ أَنْ يَدْطَلَى عَلِيْهِ بْلَاسِ إِبُونَ دُوِينَ is when you feel uncomfortable and you don't like the people seeing you do it and the second thing that the fitrah has is معرفة الحق من الباطل recognizing the truth from the falsehood recognizing the truth and the falsehood is an innate ability Allah has placed inside us when you see the truth it will go hand in hand with your fitrah your body will accept it and your mind will accept it وَالِذَالِكَ عَبْضُلَّهِ بْلُسَّلَامِ the Jew man what did he do when he came to the city of Medina and he heard that the prophet came to Medina and the people all ran to the prophet عَبْضُلَّهِ بْلُسَّلَامِ وَكُنْ تُفِيمَنِ جَفَلَى I was from those people who ran to the prophet and when I came to him I looked at his face and I realized it's the face this face is not the face of a liar how did he realize that how did he recognize that maybe Allah is not a liar because of the fitrah وَالِذَالِكَ عَبْضُلَّهِ بْلِسَّلَامِ that's why Mu'ad said to the man follow the truth even if it comes from a dim-witted person even if a dim-witted individual speaks the truth take it from it because it's your lost property if you lost if you found your your iPhone X in a bin when you say because it's in the bin I'm not going to take it it's yours it's your lost property and you put it in your pocket right the truth is your lost property like that wherever you find it you take it it was mine in the first place I got it back so Mu'ad said to the man follow the truth even if you hear it from a dim-witted one then the man said to Mu'ad how would I know that what he spoke is the truth I want to know what he says that he's right he says the truth has a light don't worry your body will recognize it and your body will take it in no problem there's a light that shines from the truth that the mind and your body and your soul will accept that's what it is and then guess what Allah brought with that he brought the revelation to support it and what can happen is the fitrah can get tainted as time goes on and it gets tainted it's like a glass it gets tainted the Quran comes and it cleans it and the revelation cleans it and supports the fitrah الله سبحانه وتعالى so those two meanings the ayah can take the ayah can take one of those meanings any of those two meanings it can take it can take any of those two meanings then Allah سبحانه وتعالى he says then he causes his death and provides a grave for him Allah here tells us once he has guided you once he's brought you out of the womb of your mother once he's brought you to this earth then Allah سبحانه وتعالى he causes you to die and then what does he cause you to go through he causes you to go into a grave by yourself this is a cycle that has been happening ever since Allah created mankind this cycle will not change because you don't want it it's a cycle you will go through so Allah says to us ثم أماته then mankind will come to an end he will die Allah has destined for him death after him living in this world he will come to a time where he's going to die and then what's going to happen is he's going to be hastened to his grave and he's going to be buried there that's where he's going to go ثم أماته and then he's Allah سبحانه وتعالى causes him death فأقباره and then provides a grave for him سبحانه وتعالى the person goes into that deep grave there's nobody with him alone after having lived in the womb of his mother alone he goes back to that loneliness again he goes back to the loneliness again by himself asked questions by angels and these angels the answer that the slave gives is all going to be in accordance to how his uprightness and his steadfastness was whilst he was living in this world and then Allah سبحانه وتعالى he says ثم إذا شاء أنشاره then when he wills when he's سبحانه وتعالى when he wills he will resurrect him ثم إذا شاء when Allah wills أنشاره he will resurrect him this is all in accordance to what Allah wants when Allah thinks it's the time for him to get out of his grave and he will tell him to come out of his grave so the person he came from my من نقفة الخلقه فقدره a sperm drop and then the person went through a distant period of cycles and then after that he came out of the womb of his mother and then after that he died and then after that he got taken to his grave and then he got resurrected ثم إذا شاء أنشاره after he had died this person سبحانه وتعالى if he wills and he wants he will bring him out of his grave this would be when this would be the day when the trumpet is blown this is when this is going to be when the trumpet is blown اللهم سبحانه وتعالى he says كلا لما يقوم بما أمره no man has not yet accomplished what he was commanded to come with not at all has human fully accomplished and has come with what he was commanded to do you as an individual should not think to yourself that you have fully come with everything that you were told to come with ولذلك مجاهد said لا يقضي أحد أبداً مفطور بعري no one on the face of this ad is going to fully come with we are going to come we are going to come we are going to come we are going to come we are going to come we are going to come we won't be able to come to come with it so if we take that statement of مجاهد which is لا يقضي أحد أبداً مجاهد said لا يقضي أحد مفطور بعري then مجاهد believes that this ayah كلا لما يقضي ما أمره is not only talking to the disbelievers it's actually talking to who it is also talking to the believers that the disbelievers of course they haven't accomplished what they were commanded to do even the believers haven't according to مجاهد the believer has not fully accomplished what he was told to accomplish لم يؤدي أوامر الله الذي أنزلها على رسوله he has not fully accomplished and he has fully come with the command that Allah has sent his way through the tongue of our messenger صلى الله عليه وسلم and the view that مجاهد has taken is the تفسير which is the correct opinion because the قاعد according to the scholars is العبرة العموم اللهم even though it came down to disbelievers the ayah is talking to the disbelievers but it shouldn't be restricted to the disbelievers it also surpasses them and it also means the believers as well then Allah سبحانه وتعالى says to us فلينبور الإنسان let mankind look at let him look at إلا طعامه then let mankind look at his food when the question arises why is Allah سبحانه وتعالى telling us to look at our food after having spoken about the stages that we went through after the stages that we have gone through you will realize why you will realize why Allah سبحانه وتعالى said it and the relationship between the two we will come to that soon إشاء الله وتعالى فلينبور الإنسان let the disbeliever because the ayah as we said the context is talking to the disbeliever but it's not only restricted to the disbeliever even the believer look at the food Allah سبحانه وتعالى has given you when you look at this don't make this look just a mere look فلينبور it means look at it with pondering what Allah has given you and what He has bestowed upon you يا إخوة I remember one time a person back home in Somalia who was so hungry that they could not sit up that they were flat on the ground due to excessive hunger this person couldn't even look up at those who were standing on top of them if you are told that if the food is taken away from you you can't eat you will roll up like a ball what allows you to stand straight is a nutrition in the food that you eat Allah سبحانه وتعالى gave you this food فلينبور الإنسان mankind look at what Allah has given you ponder and think and analyze it إلا أطع عامه the food He has given you سبحانه وتعالى and take it as a lesson why does a person need to look at the food He gave you because it's this food that you're eating and it's from this food that you're getting the nutrition from and it's from this food that you're getting the glucose and it's from this food that you're getting the carbohydrate and the protein and it's from this food that you're disobeying Allah you're using the energy that you get from this food to disobey Him سبحانه وتعالى and to disbelieve in Him does that make sense that you take His food that He has given you that He has provided you with to strengthen yourself to gain energy from it to get protein from it and carbohydrate and vitamin and guess what you do with that energy that you have absorbed from it and taken from it you turn towards your Lord in disobedience and wrongdoings and going against His command that does not go right if a person today bestowed a small benefit onto you he gave you something he did you good he bought you into his own home and he told you you can sleep in this room free of charge any food that you want in the fridge breakfast lunch and dinner he gave it to you if you rob that person's house and you take their belongings what would that person be what would that person be in your eyes what would you think of that person to be what else what else you would see him as a dim with an individual a dim mentally stable are you alright الله سبحانه وتعالى والله المثل الأعلى الله we don't compare him with anything He has given you far greater than that and you take all of that energy and you take all of his food that he has given you سبحانه وتعالى and there you go against him by doing what that disbeliever goes and he does disbelief with it he goes and he does disbelief disbelieving in his lord الله سبحانه وتعالى