 The study investigates the characteristics of vegetation change and the interrelationships between climate change, meteorological factors, and vegetation cover in various geomorphological areas of the Han River basin from 2000 to 2020. It shows that human agriculture activities and urbanization processes have emerged as the primary driving force behind vegetation changes in the basin, with significant variations across diverse geomorphological regions. The study highlights the importance of recognizing the dominant role of human activities in promoting the growth of mountain vegetation and DVI and addressing the impact of climate change on the degradation of vegetation and DVI in plains and platforms for effective watershed ecological environment management to ensure sustainable development and ecological balance in the Han River basin. This article was authored by Yu Qingxiong, Xi Jinping, and others.