 Good day everybody. This is Dr. Sanjay Sanyal, Professor of Department Chair. This is going to be a demonstration of the neuro vascular structures on the arm. This is the right side of the cadaver. I am standing on the right side. The cadaver is supine. I am also holding the camera. So in the previous dissection, I had mentioned the muscles in the anterior compartment of the arm. In this dissection, we are going to mention the neuro vascular structures, which you can see. We have completely exposed and dissected out. So let's start with this nerve here. This is the median nerve. And if you trace the median nerve, you can see it has got two roots. A lateral root of a median nerve and a medial root of the median nerve. And the two roots, they are called lateral medial because they arise from the lateral and the medial cords, the brachial pexes respectively, and they unite to form the median nerve. The median nerve does not give any important branches in the arm. That's why we can see it is running straight down. It only gives a few particular branches to the elbow joint. So this is the median nerve. The next nerve, which comes to our view, is this one here. This is the musculocutaneous nerve. The musculocutaneous nerve arises from the lateral cord of the brachial pexes. And we can see it is giving branches. It is entering into the arm. It is giving branches to the biceps. And then the main meat musculocutaneous nerve runs between the biceps and the brachialis. And then the musculocutaneous nerve, it emerges on the lateral aspect. And I will reflect this to show you the course of the musculocutaneous nerve. And then it comes out on the lateral aspect. And we can see here it becomes known as the lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm. And we can see that here. In this place, it is accompanied by the cephalic vein. And when we are doing a cephalic vene puncture, if there's any extravastation of blood, it can produce irritation of this lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm and can produce numbness, tingling, anesthesia on the antrolateral aspect of the arm. And I can watch for this from my own personal experience. So this is the next nerve that we see, the musculocutaneous nerve. The next nerve after that is this one here. This is the ulnar nerve. Ulnar nerve comes from the medial cord of the brachial pexes. And we can see as it goes down, it disappears. Because it goes behind the medial intermuscular septum. And what you see here, this is the medial intermuscular septum. The medial ulnar nerve then goes behind the medial epicondyle of the humerus and it continues into the forearm. And we shall see it later in further dissection. This ulnar nerve is accompanied by an artery here and we can see that artery. This is the superior ulnar collateral artery, which accompanies the ulnar nerve. This is the radial nerve. It arises from the posterior cord of the brachial pexes. And we can see it is running and it is disappearing here. This is the place where it goes behind the humerus. It runs in the radial of the spinal groove. And here it is accompanied by this artery. This is the profundum brachial artery. This radial nerve, it can be endured when there is a fracture of the mid-sharp of the humerus. And then it can produce wrist drop because it supplies all the extensor muscles. And if you look carefully, we can see the radial nerve is giving some branches to the triceps, which is located behind here. But this is not the correct view to show the course and the branches of the radial nerve. Having mentioned these nerves, now let's come to the arteries. This artery that you see here, this is the axillary artery, which is continuing down as the brachial artery. The axillary artery is normally supposed to have three parts, first part, second part and third part. But in this particular cadaver, we have a very important anatomical variation, and that we can see right here. We can see that the axillary artery itself is giving out this big branch here, which is running laterally, this one. Normally this branch is supposed to come from the brachial artery, but here it is arising from the axillary artery itself. This is the profundum brachial artery. And we can see the profundum brachial artery is giving nutrient, humeral arteries. It is also giving the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral artery. And we can see that here. And here we can see it is accompanied by the axillary nerve, which is shown right here. This is the axillary nerve. The profundum brachial artery is arising from where the third part of the axillary artery was supposed to be. And therefore, the branches of the third part of the axillary artery are actually given by the profundum brachial artery. And after it is given up these branches, the main profundum brachial artery continues down, and it runs with the radial nerve, as I mentioned just a little while back, and it runs behind the humerus. The rest of the axillary artery continues down, and it becomes known as the brachial artery. And the brachial artery then enters into the kibble fossa, where it will divide into a radial and ulnar. So, give your attention to these bluish structures, which are accompanying the brachial artery. These are the venae cometantes of the brachial artery. And if you watch them, you'll find that they are all going and uniting, and we can see them, and they are forming the axillary vein. So, let's take a look at how the axillary vein is formed. So, for that, we shall go further lower down. This is the region of the kibble fossa, which we have not dissected out completely yet, and we can see this superficial vein here. This is the basalic vein. The basalic vein comes on the medial side of the arm. And here we can see it is accompanied by this nerve here. This is the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm. And further up, we can see this nerve here. This is the medial cutaneous nerve of the arm. The basalic vein is accompanied by this, and this basalic vein is a very useful vein for venae puncture and venae section. And using the same analogy as the cephalic vein, if we produce any extravacation of blood or anything, we can injure the medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm and we can produce numbness, tingling and prosthesis on the medial side. To continue, this basalic vein, as it goes up, it unites with the venae comitantes, which accompany the axillary artery, and we can see that here. And after that, all of them unite and they form the axillary vein. So this is the exact formation of the axillary vein from the basalic vein and the venae comitantes of the brachial artery, which we can see very clearly here. So these are the structures which I wanted to show you in the medial side of the arm and the front of the arm, the neurovascular structures. Thank you very much for watching. Dr. Sanjay Sanyal signing out. If you have any questions or comments, please put them in the comment section below. Please like and subscribe. Have a nice day.