 Iron deficiency anemia is a major public health concern in Tanzanian children aged 6 to 59 months. Factors such as employment status, maternal anemia, gender, age group, delivery mode, child's weight at birth, and household wealth are all associated with higher rates of iron deficiency anemia. Interventions should focus on these risk factors to reduce the burden of iron deficiency anemia in children. This article was authored by Rose Vemsaki, Elizabeth Lyomo, Ray M. Massimo, and others.