 Advances in molecular pathogenesis of human diseases have led to an increase in available therapeutic genes or targets for targeted therapies, but poor gene delivery is a limiting factor for most in vivo gene therapies. Adnoviral vectors, especially adnoviral vectors, are the most efficient gene delivery system in a broad range of cell and tissue types and have greatly increased in number and efficiency since their initial development. Adnoviral vectors have applications in cancer treatment, vaccination, and regenerative medicine, and continued improvements in adnoviral vectors should provide great opportunities for cell and gene therapies to live up to their enormous potential in personalized medicine. This article was authored by Cody S. Lee, Elliot S. Bishop, Rui Xiang, and others.