 Experts from 50 countries are in Vienna this week for the IAEA's International Conference on the Management of Spent Fuel from Nuclear Power Reactors. The theme of the conference is learning from the past, enabling the future, and the conference will gather member states with more than 50 years of experience in the nuclear energy field with countries that are considering or are developing a nuclear power power. Electricity production from nuclear power generates a byproduct, Spend Fuel, which must be managed to ensure its safety, security, and sustainability. Depending on national policy, Spend Fuel may be considered as an energy resource to be recycled into new nuclear fuel. It may be considered as waste for disposal in facilities deep underground. Managing Spend Fuel is the main activity in what's called the back end of the nuclear fuel cycle. Decisions taken at any stage may affect the process later on. As in previous editions, this year again the International Conference will address the interdependencies between the different steps of the back end of the nuclear fuel cycle, including the safe long-term management of Spend Fuel. Spend Fuel is initially stored in Spend Fuel pools, as water provides effective cooling and shielding from radiation. Once it is sufficiently cooled, the Spend Fuel may be moved to a central wet storage or an air-cooled dry storage facility. Eventually it may be recycled into new fuel or prepared for direct disposal. From Viana, Austria, this is Alejandra Silva reporting for the IAEA.