 Okay, where were we? Right. Rail-to-rail op-amps can output signals with the full voltage range of their power supply Which might not sound like a big deal until you build a buffer circuit with an older design and you only see Part of your signal at the output. We can get the full picture by swapping it out for a newer design like the TLV 2462 Ah, there's our 5 volt sine wave and we didn't have to increase the power supply voltage to get it Thank you TLV 2462 In addition to rail-to-rail output, this chip is also a low power design So with chips like these available, why are old op-amp designs still being manufactured? Well, not every application needs a wide output voltage swing and the LM358 goes for about one-sixth The price of a TLV 2462. That'll do it