 In this topic, we are going to discuss about SME features of International Human Resource Management. And this topic is particularly about the importance of founder or owner of the SME in the process of internationalization. You know that in particularly in SMEs, in small and medium enterprises, usually these are enterprises which are created by a charged up founder who is the owner of that organization. And they have some specific innovative product to sell in the market. And the founder establishes the vision, mission and strategy of the organization. And therefore the importance of the founder is paramount in small and medium enterprises. Let's take a look what is the importance particularly for the internationalization function. So the internationalization process theory, it suggests that there is a significant impact of the owner on internationalization of an SME. The internationalization process theory is, it is based on uncertainty avoidance concept. And definitely we cannot explain the entire theory in this topic, but you should read about the internationalization process theory. And it suggests that the owner, it has a significant impact on the internationalization of SME. How it is through the experiential market knowledge of the owner. Now what is the experiential market knowledge? Experiential market knowledge is that your knowledge of the market, it increases and expands with experience. So the founder of the SME, it experiences and explores markets which are geographically and industry wise they are close to the industry and geographical location of that SME. For example, if the owner of SME belongs to Pakistan, they will search the nearby geographical market in Dubai, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia. They will first search the market there and then they will try to expand their market. So this is the experiential marketing concept and the experiential market knowledge of the owner that plays an important role in internationalization of an SME. Research on born globals of the world, this is a term which is particularly given to those SMEs which automatically and which immediately go global with their startup. So they don't have, they don't explore the local market first, they go global immediately after conception and therefore they are called born globals. So a research on those born globals, it established the importance of the owner or the founder of the SME. And the characteristics of the owner which were found to be significantly contributing towards the internationalization of these born globals were number one, international experience and skill. So the owner or founder, it already had some international experience or skill, it may have come from his previous experience working in an MNE. Sometimes it happens that people work in multinationals, take experience and then they use that experience to create their own firms. So if the founder already has the skill of existing international experience, that was a contributing factor towards creating a born global. Then international orientation, if they want to go for an international venture and they have an international orientation, their thinking is directed towards going international. That international orientation contributes towards successful born global. Then positive environmental perceptions, they play a very important role in creating a culture and in creating an environment that allows an SME to take the flight of being a born global. So environmental perceptions and particularly positive environmental perceptions of the international environment that plays a very important role. If the founder, the owner, thinks that the international environment is positive, that the international environment is receptive, that the international environment has opportunities, that would contribute towards creating a successful enterprise. Then other factors which contributed towards the success of a born global were related to age, education and tenure. So these were the personal characteristics of the owner and the founder which were found to be contributing towards the success of these born globals, which establishes that the owner or founder has a paramount importance in making an SME successful internationally.