 So this project is a combination, you can see that three different labs are involved, so this is a nice example of interdisciplinary collaborations that have brought this project to a very successful end, and not the end, the successful process has been going on. So this project all started with a protein that was worked out in the plant system. So the plant system, the RAP1 protein is known for a long time, along with the animal RAP1 proteins. So as a graduate student, I was also interested in the RAP1 protein, and then when we knock out the gene from the plants, the plants became drought resistant, and so it was very tantalizing results, of course. So we wanted to pursue that further into making some inhibitor compounds so that we can make those compounds as anti-drought compounds for plants. So that's when Dr. Shiva came into the place, she has then taken on this RAP1 protein so that we can get some inhibitor compounds for RAP1 proteins so that we can use those compounds as an anti-drought compound for plants. And along the way, I approached him and then we can take care of him. Yeah, he came to me 10 years, approached me 10 years back and then he stopped on my lab, and then I was asking and then he was introducing himself and asking for structure-based drug design. I said, immediately, I said, why not let's collaborate. And then we started immediately after, I think, one month, we started a collaboration and then based on the proprietary compounds we have in the database for molecules, and I screened, I think, more than 5 million compounds. And we identified a number of potential binders based on the simulation, talking simulations. Then I told him, 50 are the potential predicted to be bind to the RAP1. A, and then he tested initially 15 compounds and then further we went on testing for the 30 compounds. And then he identified around the 15 compounds' potential to be low micro-mole activity against RAP1. And then further we started as a drug-resistant drug, and then him and I further tested several different cell lines starting viruses and other cancer cell lines and things like that. So when we are passing the drugs in the plants, at that time some very nice papers came out from many other labs. Where they showed that many viruses uses IRES-based translation. For those purpose, they use the host protein RAP1. So immediately I then started the collaboration with Dr. Tang, because he's the chief biologist in the Howard University. And then I posted how we can take this information, take these compounds and then work with the fellow viruses that he has and then started the collaboration. Because I don't have any access to being a plant biologist. I don't have access to any of the biologists in my place. So I approached him also then we started all the way off to do that. So my name is Cheetah. My lab is working on the virology lab. So the virology in my lab include inguinal virus, like hubby's virus, including hubby's simplex1, cytomegalovirus, quadriscoma virus, and also RNA virus, like Zika virus, dinguinal virus, and some DVD and edgary virus. So when Dr. Oner, he showed me the drug, and for the age of three, four, and also HIV is Dr. Lekehae also in Howard University. So I was also interested in trying these two other virus, like hubby's virus, which is in the paper. The effect for the hubby's virus, we don't know yet, but we are still trying to dig out what is the mechanisms of that drug against all of the medication. So yeah, in this paper, you can see that we just show that the drugs are effective in inhibiting that application of the viruses. But we have not shown that what it is, is still inhibiting the nipple alfide IRVSS in ACP. So that's why our next projects are all going on at the same time, like testing those drugs inside the mouse. And so the mouse will be coming along. So there are many different viruses that the time already has done all the paperwork for the IRCOOP protocol, so that once it's approved, we are going to test those drugs on the efficacy of those drugs on other viruses as well. And at the same time, looking for this many of the IRVSS-based, translation-based viruses that's unknown in literature, especially the recent paper that came out on the dengue and the Zika virus that has been shown to use IRVSS for the translation as well. So we have also obtained those constructs so that we will be able to look into those kind of viruses with these drugs as well. So basically we are very happy on this project because we started as a drug resistant drug and then we have now we are in crops. So we have many applications based on these drugs. So starting from drug resistant for crops and then viruses and then now cancer. So single drug is effective in multiple species that we are very happy and is also working as well. Now we are pursuing the animal model with a time evaporator. Yeah, that's true. That's true that there's a lot of anti-virus drugs. For example, anti-herb is a virus drug, like a cyclo-cloal and gaseous-cloal. But those drugs are very specific to only kind of herbivirus. So if this drug is good, I think it can be used for many different viruses. So it's very, very important to develop the wide range anti-virus drugs. So one of the problems with the anti-virus drugs is that the virus mutates very quickly to become resistant to the drugs which are targeting them very directly. Because this drug that we have developed is not targeting the virus directly because they are just targeting a host. So in that way, this drug will be able to withstand any of the mutational effects that my virus tried to do to evade these drugs because these drugs are not targeting directly to the viruses. And if you look into the literature in the RAP1 mediated physiological process, it will see that being a scaffold protein, we have shown that before that they interact with almost 110 different proteins. So they can regulate many different physiological processes. And effectively, these drugs, individual molecules, should be available to regulate those physiological processes that RAP1 regulates the diverse organism from the single cell like yeast from the human. Almost everybody has the same conserved sequences for this RAP1 protein. Then we got in the next steps for the drug development side. So we already established the toxicity profile of this drug two years ago. And then it has a very good toxicity profile. We have tested this animal efficacy, then we have a plan to go with advanced clinical for the PKP studies and go with the FDA for the IND application. That's what we are talking about, our plan for the next steps. Yeah, we just applied for the ICOG in the Harvard University, which is a non-process. It can be approved very soon. So once the ICOG is approved, we are going to start the animal side. On many different viruses we have now. In the ICOG protocol, we proposed to try to drug on COVID virus with DNA virus and also the anterior virus, EBT-68, which is single strain army virus and without the virus. And also fluid virus like Zika virus and thinking virus, which are the fluid virus with single strain army, so we try to see if the drug has the effect on many different types of viruses. So the purpose, the goal is to develop a wide range anti-viral drug. So one drug can use for many different viruses. Man, because we didn't publish about the mechanism, these drugs are working. But we propose that these drugs are inhibiting the IRES activities of the viruses which are using not the cap dependent translation, but they are doing the IRES-based translation. So we have already finished a project with our student and now almost in the public vision stage, Dr. Nekai is left, who is next door to our series and HIV specialist. And then it has been published that HIV uses also IRES-based translation under certain physiological conditions. So we are using dual luciferous constructs and then have shown, recently have shown and obtained very good data that we have that drugs are inhibiting directly only the IRES-based translation, not the cap dependent translation. For that publication will be the key to show the mechanism to keep away these drugs are working in the cell. So once we establish all the mechanism, we want the efficacy and we also have a plan to collaborate with the National Laboratory which is a highly demand because this single drug has a broad antiviral category so there may be a demand. So we have to go with the advanced studies by collaborating with the National Laboratory because they are very interested in these viruses. That's our other plan for us to take this next step. Yeah, well, the other thing I want to say is that I thought the owner mentioned before already which is the conversion for all three of us. It's really, really special because we are from different background, different lab and with different expertise, complete expertise. This is really, really nice. Yeah, it's like he and we are happy. This is the best thing that also that the location wise is very nice because we are all close by and then with different expertise, we are available. So this is a nice success story for interdisciplinary collaborative research that can see people a completely different background. I don't know if this can be a competition or can be something like this and so we can think like three different completely disjointed subjects and matters that come together into a successful completion of the project. Yeah, the one thing, the bottom line right now is getting smarter because for them it's strategies in advance, strategy for creativity but more education from across the world and to get more literacy in the actual studies. We are waiting because there is a hand and once we get that we decide how to modify this strategy and for that we are working on the bottom line.