 Welcome back, everyone. Today I wanted to talk more in depth about how companies use IT, okay? So, so far we've talked about especially small companies, and the type of IT or information technology that they would use in their company. We said something like a cash register. Okay, so cash register, Internet, probably an access point, and then credit card machine, right? So cash register, Internet access point, credit card machine, and then most likely some sort of stock ordering system, right? So stock management, if I need to order more vegetables, for example, they can either go to the market or they can actually order them in a stock management system, and it will automatically be shipped to them. Okay, so stock ordering system. So I'm going to clear that up. Stock ordering systems, and yeah, let's say that's about it. So let's say it's a small business, let's say it's a small business like a Kimbap shop or something like that, they probably have all of these technologies, okay? Now, new modern Kimbap shops or maybe shops that actually provide a lot of different food, a lot of different services, they might also be online. So for example, they might also use not directly related to their business, but something like social media, right? They might also use online third-party services like what's it called? Yogi-o? Yogi-o? It's an online food ordering shop, right? So restaurants register with this online service and then you can order food through the online app, okay? So social media, Yogi-o, maybe they don't have something directly to do with producing or taking in money for their food, but these top ones do, these other ones are kind of like support systems, actually they're all kind of support systems, okay? So if this is a normal small shop, why do they use each of these things? Well, in each of these cases, it makes keeping track of their stock easier. It makes payments or transactions easier. It makes, so for example, credit card machine and internet, you basically need these kind of together, okay? Access point can also be customer satisfaction, right? Because most customers want to get online while they're in the restaurant or whatever it is. So this could be customer satisfaction as well, which isn't directly related to the food, but more the atmosphere. Cash register for processing transactions, keeping track of what's sold, how much you sell, things like that. Stock management system, like we said, to automate the stock ordering or to just help keep track. So all of these things make running the business easier. It automates a lot of the tasks that you need to do to run the business, but it also helps to keep track of things and makes it more efficient in terms of understanding your business and understanding how much money you're making, okay, or not making. Social media also kind of relates to customer satisfaction. People want to interact with shops on social media just to say that they liked it or to say, oh man, I had this lamion, but it wasn't very good, something like that. So people want to interact with shops a lot online, usually, whether it's just to make a comment or some other reason. And then Yo-Gi-Oh, I can say, is probably also related more to making it efficient to actually sell things. Social media is part of what we call public relations or PR or marketing, and the internet makes it really easy for everyone to market themselves all the time. That's basically what social media stars are. They are just marketed personalities, that's it. Yo-Gi-Oh is also a little bit of PR and marketing because you get on their platform and then they say, hey, you're close to this restaurant. But it also helps with not stock management, sales basically, sales management. Customer satisfaction is also related to PR and marketing. So this is how a lot of small businesses use technology today. All of these things you can get from the internet, especially making people aware that you exist. If you don't have a social media presence, someone will create it for you and you usually want to control your own social media presence. Everything else is making the business easier. Information technology could also be, for example, a smart gas meter. Very few businesses use these right now, but smart gas meter. So for example, a smart gas meter might try to control the amount of gas that you're using in your restaurant to try to reduce the amount of gas that you use, but still produce the same amount of food or whatever it is. Same for water. So I'll also say water, electricity. Now, a lot of these smart meters, so you can think of like an IoT smart home or yeah, just a gas meter with a computer on it, it can keep track of how much gas, water and electricity you're using and then find ways to reduce the amount of each of those resources you're using and that will reduce costs. So we've already talked about cost. So how much does it cost to produce a cup of lamion? Probably more than you think, right? So even for a convenience store, they sell a cup lamion, but then they also have electrical costs. They have staff costs. They have stocking costs, shipping costs. You probably want to buy or you probably want to cook your lamion. So then they have to have a microwave oven probably or hot water. So then you have heating costs. You have to buy the appliance. So you have appliance costs and then you actually have to cook it. So you have electrical costs with that and insurance and all those other things, right? So there's actually a lot of costs associated with even just selling cup lamion. So these smart gas, water and electrical systems, electrical meters, try to reduce the costs, right? Use less water, use less electricity, use less gas and then our costs will be lower and that means everything goes to all of this revenue we're generating goes to hopefully profit instead of costs and then we make more money. So technology can be used in all of these things, right? So social media, yo-yo, this is powered by the internet and smartphones and computers somewhat, but most people order this on their smartphones, right? So if we didn't have smartphones in terms of IT, it would be very difficult to run this kind of business or yo-yo. Social media also basically smartphones, computers, but it's internet based. Everything else is kind of a physical device but it makes the business easier. So kind of the bottom line of all of this is that businesses implement information technology to make their business more efficient, right? We want to make the business more efficient to try to reduce costs in our business which hopefully will reduce costs. If we actually can find ways to reduce costs, then we don't have to actually charge more but we still make more money because we've already reduced the costs. We can also pass that cost savings onto the customer so then you can potentially reduce the prices of your products and then compete better with other companies around in the same area. So sometimes it makes sense to reduce the costs and keep the extra profit that you've made. Sometimes it makes sense to pass those savings onto the customer to try to compete with other businesses around in a free market. So this is kind of how at least a small business would implement or use some technologies. These are physical things. So imagine this is like a computer in your office. This is the services you're providing online. So next I'll talk about how larger businesses are trying or even internet-based businesses are trying to use technology to do business. Thank you very much.