 An end defector is the device at the end of a robotic arm, like one of these that you see here. Oftentimes, end defectors consist of some kind of tool. For example, these robots have welding end defectors that allow them to join metal components in the manufacturing process. End defectors can also be used to grab objects and move them from place to place. Collectively, these end defectors are called grippers and come in many different forms. They include two-finger gripper. A two-finger gripper is a passive end defector. This means that it can hold parts but cannot manipulate or actively use them. The two-finger gripper applies a pinching pressure to an object in order to move it. Suction A suction gripper is another type of passive end defector. It uses a vacuum to add here to and move objects from place to place. Three-finger gripper A three-finger gripper is an active end defector. The parts in its grasp can be manipulated or actively used. They are more dexterous than passive end defectors, giving them more precision and the ability to complete fine motor tasks. There are many other types of grippers and end defectors. The type of gripper that is used varies based on the application. One of the most important areas in the design of robotic systems is the design of the end defector. As technology advances and automation becomes even more prevalent in manufacturing, becoming familiar with end defectors and how they are used becomes increasingly important.