 Magnetic nanoparticles, MNPs, have become increasingly popular in the field of antibacterial studies due to their ability to target specific pathogens without causing damage to healthy cells. These particles can be used to treat a variety of diseases, including those caused by drug-resistant bacteria. In this review, we discussed the synthesis methods, antibacterial mechanisms, and characterization techniques of MNPs and nanocomposites. We also provide an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding the use of MNPs in antibacterial applications. This article was authored by Ola Reza-Lafchan and Saeed Sajad Hosseini.