 This systematic review assessed the relationship between hexavalent chromium in drinking water and its impact on human health. 18 studies were included in the analysis, which concluded that hexavalent chromium is a risk factor for humans, as opposed to trivalent chromium who is a protective factor. One study indicated that consuming water with high concentrations of hexavalent chromium can be a protective factor for human life, while eight of the total studies suggested hexavalent chromium as a potential risk factor. Further research is needed to clarify the origin, the mode of action, and the negative impacts it has on human health, so that appropriate prevention and intervention measures can be implemented. This article was authored by Maria Nefelai Jogheke, and Mariana Sharolambos.