 Well the clinical definition of pedophile is someone who has a sexual interest in pre-pubescent children so the term is often much misused really it's used generally to describe people who have a sexual interest in children but an actual fact of pedophile is someone who has sexual urges towards pre-pubescent children somebody who's interested in post-pubescent children would be in a heba file. People don't tend always to specialize in either being a pedophile or being a heba file what we find is that while some do a significant number will cross over. Habits are quite hard for sex offenders because they they try not to present like sex offenders like it's it's it's supposed obvious that they have a huge investment in hiding and so therefore they will in some cases study the behaviors of sex offenders. We see an addictive behavior and much like you would an alcoholic or a drug addict it's somebody who is either been a victim themselves and wants to explore other potential people and get a sense of normalcy because they sustained these same things as children you see that pattern of behavior of either not addressing the issue when when they were younger or growing up with a curiosity or a mindset that it's a normal thing. The vast majority of people who are sexually abused as a child will not go on to become a sex offender but some of those who will the ones who are more likely to do that are people who survive the abuse experience by normalizing it by telling themselves that was okay I like that or that's normal that's something that happens to children and so that belief system that is emerging from that way of surviving the experience we we know that that is common among people who sexually offend that they tend to have that type of characteristic of a belief system. The vast majority of offenders in my experience will have to convince themselves that what they're doing is acceptable and offenders will do that in a variety of different ways some will go to some quite extreme mental gymnastics to try to persuade themselves that children like sex that the child is enjoying it as much as they are that it won't harm the child that the child is going to benefit in actual fact from from the sexual contact then there are other offenders who are who are more callous and more less concerned with with the impact of their behavior on the victim and then there are others again who will derive a pleasure and a delight from the distress that they cause to their victims. Their methodology is variable and their the outcome that they're achieving is also variable a lot of them will engage our undercover operatives for very fast sexual gratification. You do have typical types of behavior in different abuse contexts so for example if you you take professionals who use their work as a cover for sexually exploiting children typically they will work very very hard at being perceived as someone who has the best of intentions in respect of children they tend to be the first person into work the last person to leave work they tend to be exactly what an employer would want in actual fact the sort of perfect employee always willing to put themselves forward for extra work or to spend more time with children so in that way they they sort of hide in the open really in again in professional context we see other typical behavior such as wanting to spend inordinate amounts of time with the children so that they don't actually have interests beyond the work environment so they finish working with children and they go and volunteer to work with children and then they spend their summer holidays working with children. Now there are some amazing people who do that and are not sexually interested in children but that is definitely a habit of people who sexually offend in a work context. If we arrest somewhere between 140 and 170 child sex offenders every year through our operations I can categorically state to you that there is no one size fits all they are all walks of life and we look at every member of the community every occupation has been a potential threat to a child. The family home again there are there are some habits again a lot depending upon the nature of the offender that you're dealing with but some of the more controlling offenders will will typically restrict the movements of not just the children in the family but their spouses or partners as well so make it very difficult for them to get out or spend time with other people. Many people believe that we've and I certainly grew up under this and perhaps you did as well as your parents said don't talk to strangers or you know you had the whole boogeyman scenario and we educated our children about the boogeyman problem is statistics will show you that most the kids that have been sexually assaulted have been sexually assaulted by a family member or a parent and so the whole protect your children you know the education I would give most people now is you need to know your spouse and your uncle and your cousin whoever you're going to leave your children and care of don't worry about the boogeyman worry about your immediate family who has access to your children and why that person has access and do you trust them and who they are because reality is my experience and many of the people I arrested that were sexually abusing children it was within the family part of the whole abuse process is that grooming to create an opportunity to be alone with the child and and again offenders will use a variety of different behaviors for creating those sorts of opportunity and that's if not a habit is certainly an integral part of the abuse process another popular misconception that offenders will start downloading indecent images of children and then progress on to contact sexual offending the my clinical experience and some of the research evidence is now supporting the belief that people with a single conviction for possessing indecent images of children or child pornography as it's sometimes called are probably already going to have committed a contact sexual offence against a child prior to their single conviction for possession of that material so it's it's not a good assumption to make that that offenders who are caught downloading indecent images of children or on some sort of slippery slope heading towards a contact offence it's more likely they already have committed a contact offence the obvious downside of of social media technology developments is it creates an environment where it's easier for them to connect and meet up with like-minded people the internet itself has made this very much accessible by anyone from anywhere while we in law enforcement try to go after things proactively the companies themselves have their own responsibilities to try to look within themselves to identify these things and stop these things from occurring the internet has presented us with an opportunity to change our focus to be very proactive to stop sexual abuse at an increasingly young age and we're seeing in many of the investigations that we're doing now particularly where we're intercepting images and videos that are produced by child sex offenders that we're stopping sexual abuse under the age of three and one would seriously hope that that stops a lifetime of suffering and abuse to that particular individual and they'll have a happy normal life.