 theoretical framework in context of social and political movements that why there are various school of thought why there are various groups those have their perspectives regarding the social and political movements so we have to understand that what type of schools they are and what what's their actual perspective regarding the social movements there is important school of thought that is pluralism and a collective behavior model of social movements then there is elite theory and resource mobilization theory and then class framework or the political process model with those school of thought there are rational choice model and then there is post-modern school of thoughts they all have their perspectives they all have their views regarding the social movements so firstly the florist and the collective behavior model of social movements they believe that to value moderate democratic participation and generally speaking non-institutionalized tactics such as demonstrations and violent activities are viewed as deviant from political behavior in healthy democracies a florist school of thought your collective behavior model according to social movements that if a person with any kind of emotion with their own system their point of view if they do not have a clear view and they want to express their disagreement then they start the movement and then elite theory and resource mobilization this theory focuses on the capacity of elite for all kinds of governing and resources mobilization capacity on one hand and the incapable structures of social movements on the other hand elite theorists they believe that when there is if the elite they have the capacity to mobilize the resources then definitely there is no need of social movements but if the elites they are not capable of mobilizing the resources then definitely the outcome will be the start of the social movements so the this school of thought actually they have the doubts regarding the governing capacity of social movements and they view them as a threat or hindrance in the way of elite to govern properly in kaya kyaal hai ki agar social movements jalingi bhi to ultimately kya karlengi kya asal mein to ye power elite ke pass hai that how they want to govern to ease a school of thought ki under bharat saare aise nukta nazar hai jinn par pao zyada criticism bhi hosakta hai then the class framework or the political process model according to this that political process model resembles more the class framework of kaal marks. In ka hi kyaal hai ki har moshre ki under class system uta hai. Har moshre ki under wo log bhi mojood hai jinn ke paaz zarayi hai aur wo log bhi mojood hai jinn ke paaz resources nahi hote aur ye dono ek level takto ek dusre par dependent hote hain ye milkar chalthe hain. Lekin fir ek stage hain ki ye inka apas mein ikh talaf ho jata hai. Working class apni situation se ja mutmain nahi hote, to wo ye chahti hain ki uski surthe haal ko tabdeel kiya jaye aur us context ki under fir wo bakaida tor par movements jahti hain in context of change the system or the structure. The rational choice model, rational choice model actually that individual's involvement in a group activity is totally based on the cost-benefit calculations. Inka hi kyaal hai ki afraad jo hain unke patient azar. Sir, fir sirf ye dekh na chahiye ke wo ye faisla karin akeli toji ki bonyat par ke unke fayda man kya hain. Agar wo isb bonyat par faisla karenge ke tahreek mein shamil hoona unke liye fayda mand hain ya tahreek wo start kab karna hain aur kese karna hain ya kis issue par karna hain to ye basically rational school choice jo hain unki basic thinking hain. Aur agar hum ye dekh hain ke in logon ka ye khyaal hain ki koi bhi jo group actions hote hain without directly participating in its activities. Agar koi group, kisi khas activity ka part hi nahi manda. So, wo koi bhi asim movement jo hain wo kamjab nahi hosakti. Yani, agar rational basis par afraad ki bhajai gurohon ke mafaad atwa bashta hoon gay, to asi tahreek hain chal bhi sakti hain aur wo kamjab bhi hosakti hain. Fir jo ek aur aakhari school of thought hain, they are the post-modern model. They, this model basically is the reflection of industrial society. And they have the very clear distinction between public and private spheres, but the start of 21st century brings a blur image to this distinction, to post-modern and post-industrialist discourse. To fir public and private, jo school of thought hain, jo logon ki involvement hain, public-private partnership ki bhaja se waha par ehtajaj kaise hoega, waha social movement, skin basis par rise karengi, wo kiske khilaf ehtajaj karengi aur yeh tahri ke kiske liye fayda man hoon ghi. To zahere post-modern model jo hain, yeh bohati dil chasp aur iske andar, hamare liye, bohot kuch hain seekhni ke liye.